Deck 9: Anthropology and Humans As Bio-Cultural Beings

Question 1

Who was convicted for ignoring Tennessee's law against teaching evolution in a high school biology class:

A) Matt Cartmill
B) Stephen Jay Gould
C) John Scopes
D) William Boyd
E) Stanley Garn

Answer 1

John Scopes

Question 2

Experts do NOT identify which species as belonging to the Homo family?

A) Homo habilis
B) Homo erectus
C) Homo sapiens
D) Homo australopithecus

Answer 2

Homo australopithecus

Question 3

The high incidence of retinitis pigmentosa on the island of Tristan da Cunha illustrates which principle in operation?

A) macro-evolution
B) micro-evolution
C) genetic drift
D) genotype
E) phenotype

Answer 3

genetic drift

Question 4

Variation within species and reproductive success are widely regarded as the dual pillars of the theory of natural selection.

Question 5

DNA is considered the essential factor determining inherited traits.

Question 6

Not included among anthropology's major sub-fields is:

A) American anthropology
B) cultural anthropology
C) linguistic anthropology
D) biological anthropology
E) archaeology

Question 7

Archaeology represents the sub-field that includes the greatest number of practitioners.

Question 8

Which approximate date listed below is clearly incorrect:

A) 1 m.y.a. - Homo erectus leaves Africa
B) 150,000 y. a. - modern humans originate
C) 35,000 y.a. - first evidence of art
D) Agricultural Revolution - 25,000 y.a.
E) last Ice Age - 12,000 y.a.

Question 9

Roughly what proportion of the American public rejects evolutionary theory:

A) one-tenth
B) one-fifth
C) one-half
D) three-quarters
E) four-fifths

Question 10

In the taxonomy used for classification in the animal kingdom, the category known as "species" is more general than that known as "genus."

Question 11

The ethnography as a research tool in anthropology did not emerge until the 1980s.

Question 12

The anthropological perspective includes being:

A) multi-disciplinary
B) holistic
C) international
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 13

Charles Darwin's research in the Galapagos Islands experienced a significant breakthrough when he discovered 13 different kinds of finches whose beaks varied in size.

Question 14

Mutations can result from:

A) environmental factors
B) spontaneous cell replication
C) punctuated equilibrium
D) A and B from above
E) B and C from above

Question 15

The anthropological sub-field in which the utilization of artifacts play their most crucial role is the sub-field of cultural anthropology.

Question 16

Anthropologists Raymond Scupin and Christopher DeCorse suggest that anthropology's holistic orientation is particularly well-suited to analyzing the kind of interdependent world that we now find ourselves in.

Question 17

Case 9.3 about causes of female infanticide suggests that:

A) it exists because women do not hunt in hunter/gatherer societies
B) it exists merely as a manifestation of the gender violence typical of all societies
C) it enables simple societies to control their populations
D) it exists because critical thinking was not invented until post-industrial society
E) critical thinking skills are required to assess anthropological materials found online

Question 18

The juxtaposition of the concepts of recessive genes versus dominant genes forms the foundation for the distinction between micro-evolution and macro-evolution.

Question 19

Today claims to _________concerning archeological digs emanate from field scholars, descendants of relic owners, property owners, and the general public.

A) cultural patrimony
B) cultural diversity
C) familial patrimony
D) familiar diversity
E) cultural relativism

Question 20

In trying to comprehend humans as bio-cultural beings, anthropologists are concerned with variation in human behavior:

A) in the past and the present
B) in modern and pre-modern locations
C) across time and space
D) according to genetic programming
E) in the guise of socialization

Question 21

The theory of punctuated equilibrium holds that evolution lies dormant for long periods of time and then explodes in rapid bursts of change.

Question 22

Genetic mobility results from interbreeding in the process called gene flow.

Question 23

Neanderthals differed from Cro-Magnons in that the former possessed higher foreheads, thinner bones, prominent chins, and ridges over their eyes than did the latter.

Question 24

All mutations are invariably inheritable by subsequent offspring.

Question 25

Creationists in the U.S. achieved a major victory in their efforts to oppose the teaching of evolution in public schools in the Supreme court case of Edwards v. Aguilard.

Question 26

Primates first appear in the fossil record beginning 15 million years ago.

Question 27

The richest treasure trove of fossil finds for the genus Homo has thus far been found in western Africa.

Question 28

The racial classification system devised in 1735 by Carolus Linnaeus contained 13 different classes that were based on geographical considerations.

Question 29

NAGPRA is a sub-group of anthropology that studies cultural anthropology in hunting and gathering societies.

Question 30

One of the seven essential questions cited by M. Neil Browne and Stuart Keeley on their critical thinking checklist is "How good is the evidence for the information"?

Question 31

The current consensus among anthropologists regarding race is that while the unscientific methods of older classifications schemes rendered them of dubious validity, more sophisticated means of measuring racial variation currently enable far more valid definitions of race.

Question 32

Pope John Paul II is a conservative Pope who, in the 1990s, clarified the Church's position as condemnatory of the scientific theory of evolution as inconsistent with Biblical accounts of creation.

Question 33

Different theories concerning the origins of modern humans vie for acceptance, but the one that has gained greater support in recent years is referred to as the "Out-of-Africa" model.