Question 1

Which of the following conditions associated with altered consciousness occurs predominately in females?&#10;A)Hyperthyroidism&#10;B)Hyperventilation&#10;C)Hyperglycemia&#10;D)CVA

Accepted Answer

Hyperthyroidism

Question 2

The skin of the hyperglycemic diabetic patient is __________ to the touch.&#10;A)cold and wet&#10;B)cold and dry&#10;C)hot and wet&#10;D)hot and dry

Accepted Answer

Hyperglycemia can cause dehydration, which leads to dry skin. It can also cause increased blood flow, which can make the skin feel hot. Therefore, the skin of a hyperglycemic diabetic patient is hot and dry to the touch.

Question 3

Which of the following causes of altered consciousness are accompanied by a gradual onset of clinical manifestations?&#10;A)hypoglycemia&#10;B)hyperglycemia&#10;C)hyperthyroidism&#10;D)A and B&#10;E)B and C

Accepted Answer

Hyperglycemia and hyperthyroidism both typically have a gradual onset of symptoms, whereas hypoglycemia usually presents with a rapid onset.

Question 4

A TIA may be differentiated from a CVA because:&#10;A)a TIA exhibits unilateral paresthesia,while a CVA exhibits bilateral paresthesia&#10;B)a TIA exhibits bilateral paresthesia,while a CVA exhibits unilateral paresthesia&#10;C)signs and symptoms of TIA commonly subside with 10 minutes,while a CVA continues to progress&#10;D)signs and symptoms of CVA commonly subside with 10 minutes,while a TIA continues to progress

Accepted Answer

Signs and symptoms of TIA commonly subside with 10 minutes, while a CVA continues to progress. This is the key difference between a TIA and a CVA, as TIAs are temporary and resolve quickly, whereas CVAs are a result of permanent damage to the brain. The other answer choices do not accurately describe the differences between a TIA and a CVA.

Question 5

Elevated blood pressure is associated with:&#10;A)hyperthyroidism&#10;B)hyperglycemia&#10;C)hyperventilation&#10;D)A,B,and C&#10;E)A and C

Accepted Answer

Hyperthyroidism and hyperglycemia are not directly associated with elevated blood pressure, but hyperventilation and anxiety can lead to increased cardiac output and result in higher blood pressure.

Question 6

______________ is most commonly associated with signs of mental confusion and bizarre behavioral patterns that may lead to a suspicion of alcohol or other drug use.&#10;A)Hyperthyroidism&#10;B)Hypothyroidism&#10;C)Hyperglycemia&#10;D)Hypoglycemia

Accepted Answer

Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, can cause confusion, disorientation, and unusual behavior. This can sometimes be mistaken for alcohol or drug use, especially if the person has a history of substance abuse. Hyperthyroidism and hyperglycemia can also cause changes in behavior, but they are not typically associated with confusion or bizarre behavior. Hypothyroidism, or an underactive thyroid, can cause fatigue and mental fog, but it is not likely to be mistaken for drug use.

Question 7

Severely ________________ patients may have the characteristic fruity,sweet smell of acetone on their breath.&#10;A)hypoglycemic&#10;B)hyperglycemic&#10;C)hypothyroid&#10;D)hyperthyroid

Accepted Answer

The fruity, sweet smell of acetone on the breath is a sign of high levels of ketones in the body, which is usually seen in hyperglycemic patients with uncontrolled diabetes.

Question 8

_______________ most often occurs between the ages of 20 and 40.&#10;A)Hyperventilation&#10;B)Hyperthyroidism&#10;C)Cerebrovascular disease&#10;D)Drug overdose

Accepted Answer

Hyperthyroidism most commonly affects individuals between the ages of 20 and 40. Hyperventilation, drug overdose, and cerebrovascular disease do not have a specific age range in which they most commonly occur.

Question 9

Agitation,perspiration,and possible fine tremor of the extremities (hands)give the appearance of nervousness and are apparent in patients who are:&#10;A)hyperglycemic&#10;B)hypothyroid&#10;C)hyperventilating&#10;D)A,B,and C&#10;E)A and C

Accepted Answer

Hyperventilation is a condition in which a person breathes too quickly and deeply. This can lead to a number of symptoms, including agitation, perspiration, and fine tremor of the extremities.

Question 10

In pediatric patients,the most likely cause of altered consciousness is:&#10;A)hyperventilation due to anxiety&#10;B)hyperglycemia due to excess ingestion of &#34;sugar&#34;&#10;C)hypoglycemia secondary to type 1 diabetes mellitus&#10;D)drug overdose from over-the-counter medication

Accepted Answer

In pediatric patients, hypoglycemia secondary to type 1 diabetes mellitus is the most likely cause of altered consciousness. This is because glucose is the main source of energy for the brain, and when glucose levels are low, brain function can become impaired. Other causes of altered consciousness in pediatric patients include seizures, head injury, and infectious diseases. However, given the options listed, hypoglycemia due to type 1 diabetes mellitus is the most likely cause.

Question 11

The respiratory rate increases when ______________ is present.&#10;A)hyperventilation&#10;B)hyperthyroidism&#10;C)hyperglycemia&#10;D)A,B,and C&#10;E)A and C

Accepted Answer

The answer of The respiratory rate increases when ______________ is...

Question 12

Tingling,a &#34;cool&#34; sensation about the mouth,finger-tips,and toes,that may progress to carpopedal tetany are noted in which of the following?&#10;A)bronchospasm&#10;B)allergy to Lidocaine&#10;C)local anesthetic overdose&#10;D)hyperventilation&#10;E)acute pulmonary edema

Accepted Answer

The answer of Tingling,a &#34;cool&#34; sensation about the mouth,finger-tips,and toes,that...

Deck 20: Altered Consciousness: Differential Diagnosis