Question 1

Clinically,hyperthyroidism may be characterized by:&#10;A)an unusual sensitivity to catecholamines&#10;B)a lump or bump on the patient's neck&#10;C)an unusual sensitivity to opioids and other CNS depressants&#10;D)A and B&#10;E)B and C

Accepted Answer

Hyperthyroidism can lead to an unusual sensitivity to catecholamines, which can result in symptoms such as palpitations, tremors, and anxiety. Additionally, a lump or bump on the neck may be indicative of an enlarged thyroid gland, which can occur in hyperthyroidism. There is no association between hyperthyroidism and an unusual sensitivity to opioids or CNS depressants.

Question 2

Hyperthyroidism may be characterized by:&#10;A)unexplained weight gain&#10;B)unexplained weight loss&#10;C)ravenous appetite&#10;D)A and C&#10;E)B and C

Accepted Answer

Hyperthyroidism is characterized by an overactive thyroid gland, which can increase metabolism and lead to weight loss despite a normal or increased appetite. Ravenous appetite is a possible symptom of hyperthyroidism, which is why option C is correct. Unexplained weight gain is more characteristic of hypothyroidism, which is an underactive thyroid gland. Therefore, options A and D are incorrect.

Question 3

Hypothyroid or hyperthyroid patients who have been treated and are currently euthyroid are ASA __ risks.&#10;A)I&#10;B)II&#10;C)III&#10;D)IV

Accepted Answer

Patients who have been treated for thyroid disease and are euthyroid are classified as ASA II, which represents patients with mild systemic disease. They have a well-controlled medical condition and are generally stable.

Question 4

Myxedema coma is associated with:&#10;A)hyperthermia&#10;B)hyperventilation&#10;C)hypercapnia&#10;D)hypertension

Accepted Answer

Myxedema coma is associated with respiratory failure and hypoventilation, leading to carbon dioxide retention and eventually hypercapnia. Hyperthermia, hyperventilation, and hypertension are not typically associated with myxedema coma.

Question 5

A deficiency of thyroid hormone during early life can produce a clinical syndrome known as:&#10;A)myxedema&#10;B)cretinism&#10;C)thyrotoxicosis&#10;D)toxic goiter

Accepted Answer

A deficiency of thyroid hormone during early life can cause cretinism, which results in severe mental retardation and stunted growth. Myxedema is a generalized edema caused by severe hypothyroidism in adults. Thyrotoxicosis is a condition caused by excessive thyroid hormone production, while toxic goiter is characterized by an enlarged thyroid gland causing hyperthyroidism.

Question 6

Secondary thyroid failure results from diseases of the:&#10;A)thyroid gland&#10;B)pituitary gland&#10;C)hypothalamus&#10;D)corpus callosum

Accepted Answer

Secondary thyroid failure occurs when the thyroid gland is normal, but there is a deficiency of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) from the pituitary gland or thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) from the hypothalamus. Therefore, the correct choice is B, as diseases of the pituitary gland can lead to secondary thyroid failure.

Question 7

The clinically hypothyroid patient may have:&#10;A)a large,thick tongue&#10;B)wet skin with diaphoresis&#10;C)tachycardia&#10;D)markedly depressed blood pressure

Accepted Answer

One of the clinical features of hypothyroidism is macroglossia, which results in a large, thick tongue. Wet skin with diaphoresis, tachycardia, and markedly depressed blood pressure are not commonly seen in hypothyroidism, but rather in hyperthyroidism.

Question 8

The most likely candidate for thyroid hypofunction would be a:&#10;A)70-year-old woman&#10;B)70-year-old man&#10;C)30-year-old woman&#10;D)30-year-old man

Accepted Answer

Thyroid hypofunction, or hypothyroidism, is more common in older adults and is more prevalent in women than men. Therefore, a 70-year-old woman is the most likely candidate.

Question 9

After positioning an unconscious patient with a history of hypothyroidism:&#10;A)administer an opioid&#10;B)provide an antianxiety agent&#10;C)provide BLS,as needed&#10;D)prescribe a sedative

Accepted Answer

Providing basic life support (BLS) is the best choice in this situation because an unconscious patient with a history of hypothyroidism may be experiencing a medical emergency such as a severe drop in thyroid hormone levels or myxedema coma. BLS includes assessing the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation, and providing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if necessary. Administering an opioid, prescribing a sedative, or providing an antianxiety agent is not appropriate or necessary at this time.

Question 10

Which of the following are often observed in a hyperthyroid rather than hypothyroid patient or in the general population?&#10;A)cold intolerance&#10;B)paresthesia&#10;C)mitral valve prolapse&#10;D)A,B,and C&#10;E)A and C

Accepted Answer

Mitral valve prolapse is more commonly observed in patients with hyperthyroidism compared to those with hypothyroidism or the general population. Hyperthyroidism can lead to various cardiovascular changes, including mitral valve prolapse, due to the increased metabolic demands and changes in hemodynamics associated with the condition. Cold intolerance and paresthesia are more typically associated with hypothyroidism.

Deck 18: Thyroid Gland Dysfunction