Deck 8: The Early Middle Ages

Question 1

__________ refers to the period after the success of Charles Martel at the battle of Poitiers.

A) Romanesque
B) Early Christian
C) Late Christian
D) High Gothic
E) Carolingian

Answer 1

E

Question 2

The daily schedule of the monastery is called the __________.

A) Book of Hours
B) horarium
C) itinerary
D) litany
E) Golden Mean

Answer 2

B

Question 3

__________ usually refers to a way of life in which an ideal of perfection or a higher level of religious experience is pursued through living together in a community.

A) Feudalism
B) Socialism
C) Monasticism
D) Classicism
E) Mysticism

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The monastery and the __________ were unusually orderly and stable during the Middle Ages.

A) guild
B) castle
C) convent
D) field
E) fiefdom

Question 5

__________ is the name commonly used to refer to the monodic vocal liturgical music of the Christian Catholic churches.

A) Gregorian Chant
B) Monastic Chant
C) Arthurian Song
D) Simple Chant
E) Gregorian Song

Question 6

Germanic Ottonian manuscript illumination combines Roman,Carolingian,and __________ characteristics.

A) Gothic
B) Anglian
C) Igbo
D) Byzantine
E) Scandinavian

Question 7

__________ is an ascetic movement within Islam that developed during the Middle Ages.

A) Caliphism
B) Middle Path
C) Sufism
D) Mystic Islam
E) Golden Way

Question 8

__________ is a lifestyle of austerity and self-discipline,generally religious in nature.

A) Mysticism
B) Asceticism
C) Theocism
D) Communalism
E) Monasticism

Question 9

Pope __________ converted England to Christianity in 597.

A) Gregory II
B) Pius I
C) Gregory I
D) Benedict III
E) Charles I

Question 10

Parchment pages bound together between hard covers are called a __________.

A) papyrus
B) tablet
C) codex
D) manuscript
E) scroll

Question 11

The __________ period saw the first centralized political organization since the fall of Rome.

A) Romanesque
B) Early Gothic
C) Early Christian
D) Carolingian
E) High Gothic

Question 12

The sects of Sufis who achieve ecstatic states through whirling dances include dervishes and __________.

A) fakirs
B) caliphates
C) Sunni
D) Shiite
E) horarium

Question 13

__________ is a political and economic system in Europe from the ninth to the fifteenth century,based on the relation of lord to vassal.

A) Capitalism
B) Socialism
C) Monarchy
D) Feudalism
E) Monasticism

Question 14

Christian __________ was championed by St Bernard.

A) asceticism
B) hermeticism
C) monasticism
D) mysticism
E) theocracy

Question 15

The feudal lord is also referred as a __________.

A) master
B) captor
C) king
D) seigneur
E) serf

Question 16

Christian sculpture emerged as typically __________,not monumental.

A) miniature
B) ephemeral
C) funerary
D) functional
E) architectural

Question 17

__________ refers to the time in Western European history that occurred between Antiquity and the Renaissance.

A) Gothic Ages
B) Romanesque Ages
C) Middle Ages
D) Gregorian Ages
E) Pre-Renaissance

Question 18

The __________,as a symbol of the powers of darkness and evil,was a strong force in medieval thinking.

A) Roman emperor
B) pharaoh
C) devil
D) king
E) ocean

Question 19

__________ is a style that flourished throughout Western Europe from about 1050 to about 1200.

A) Early Gothic
B) High Gothic
C) Gothic classicism
D) Medieval
E) Romanesque

Question 20

The "oath of fealty" involved a __________ pledging allegiance to a lord.

A) vassal
B) serf
C) knight
D) peasant
E) manor

Question 21

__________ were secular lyric poet-musicians,located chiefly in southern France,northern Italy,and northern Spain.

A) Cycles
B) Knights
C) Balladeers
D) Troubadours
E) none of the above

Question 22

Painting became a largely __________ art after the fall of Rome.

Question 23

__________ is the recessed ornamental space between an arch and a lintel.

A) Tympanum
B) Cornice
C) Entablature
D) Frieze
E) Abbey

Question 24

The Pope __________ is credited with saving Rome from losing its power and influence early in this period.

Question 25

Dance in the Middle Ages was banned by the church,yet remained in practice in various __________ forms.

A) pagan
B) spontaneous
C) traditional
D) Christian
E) controlled

Question 26

__________ was one of the few great scholars of the early years of this period.

Question 27

The __________ Chapel was built as Charlemagne's tomb-house.

A) San Vitale
B) Palatine
C) Aachen
D) Carolingian
E) Sainte-Madeleine

Question 28

The __________ is a liturgical dramatic form that began as an elaboration of Mass.

A) trope
B) mime
C) tragedy
D) comedy
E) improvisation

Question 29

__________ refers to medieval music consisting of Gregorian chant with an additional melodic line.

A) Strophic
B) Near Eastern
C) Organum
D) Melismatic
E) Monophony

Question 30

The most widely adopted of all monastic rules is the __________.

Question 31

Romanesque churches differed from Byzantine churches by being built according to the shape of a __________.

A) Greek cross
B) Latin cross
C) military watchtower
D) Roman basilica
E) common house

Question 32

As part of the Carolingian "renaissance," scholars under the leadership of __________ attempted to reunite the fragments of classical civilization.

Question 33

The Carolingian "renaissance" included a revival of __________ culture.

Question 34

The "Song of Roland" is an imaginative epic based on the real-life King __________.

Question 35

Romanesque churches were heavier and __________ than earlier churches.

A) smaller
B) lighter
C) more simple
D) more spacious
E) more quickly built

Question 36

The most common architectural structure during the Middle Ages was the __________.

Question 37

Monumental sculpture,which had died out in the fifth century,did not remerge until the end of the __________ century.

A) eighth
B) ninth
C) tenth
D) eleventh
E) none of these

Question 38

The term __________,coming from the Greek word for "hermit" and "exercise," originally applied to athletes and soldiers.

Question 39

The bronze doors of the Hildesheim Cathedral were made using a __________ process.

A) additive
B) lost-wax
C) subtractive
D) relief
E) illumination

Question 40

St Bernard's preaching contributed to the spread of __________,which led to the softer,more ethereal Christianity of the High Gothic period.

Question 41

Charlemagne was called "the Great" because of his vast formal education.

Question 42

The Church clergy was divided into two groups: a secular clergy of Pope,bishops,and parish priests,and a more withdrawn clergy of monks and others.

Question 43

What was the primary topic of medieval secular music?

Question 44

The Vikings were products of a feudal society.

Question 45

What was the primary difference between Romanesque sculpture and earlier Christian sculpture?

Question 46

What is the goal of mysticism?

Question 47

Most contemporary scholars believe that theatre died out during several hundred years of the Middle Ages.

Question 48

Gregorian chant may have had origins in the __________.

Question 49

How did the Gero Crucifix depict Christ?

Question 50

A "lay" is a short medieval romance.

Question 51

In the West,internationalism was an important part of the Middle Ages.

Question 52

St Thomas Aquinas used the "Grand Commentary" of the Muslim philosopher __________ as his model.

Question 53

Pope Gregory I invented plainchant.

Question 54

The philosophy of Peter Abelard remains a part of Roman Catholic dogma today.

Question 55

Hildegard of Bingen's Book of Divine Works expounds on her theology of microcosm and macrocosm.

Question 56

The epic poem __________ is the oldest extant poem in a modern European language.

Question 57

Which art discussed in this chapter was an official court art?

Question 58

The color palette of illuminated manuscripts is inspired by __________ mosaics and decorations.

Question 59

The earliest examples of Christian sculpture are all __________.

Question 60

The world of the Middle Ages was made up of clearly defined nations.

Question 61

Analyze the common themes of the three epic poems discussed in this chapter.What do they tell us about life in the early Middle Ages? Why do you think they remain popular in the modern world?

Question 62

Choose a Romanesque church discussed in this chapter.Analyze its visual and aesthetic qualities,and discuss its architectural,design,and engineering innovations.

Question 63

Discuss in detail the goals and routine of monastic life.How does it relate to any of the arts discussed in this chapter? Which aspects of monastic life might be seen as precursors to the modern world?