Deck 13: The Civil War

Question 1

In February 1861, the original seceding states created a provisional government

A) emphasizing the sovereignty of the states.
B) establishing their capital at Richmond, Virginia.
C) selecting Robert E. Lee as president.
D) authorizing generous funds for employees and supplies.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

In the early western theater of the Civil War, Ulysses S. Grant

A) surprised a large Confederate force at Shiloh Church.
B) displayed a military genius for setting large goals.
C) closely coordinated plans with eastern military activities.
D) prematurely invaded forts in Kentucky and Tennessee.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

To secure Maryland for the Union, Lincoln

A) arrested and detained southern sympathizers.
B) sent federal troops to Baltimore.
C) issued a writ of habeas corpus.
D) offered a declaration of emancipation.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The casualties from the battle at Shiloh Church were enormous because of the

A) foolish use of headlong infantry attacks.
B) insufficient care of wounds on the battlefield.
C) development of more lethal weapons and ammunition.
D) surprise nature of the southern attack.

Question 5

The material assets of the North during the Civil War

A) became effective only in the long run.
B) immediately placed the South at a disadvantage.
C) offset the greater supply of manpower in the South.
D) allowed the North to wage a defensive war.

Question 6

In contrast to the North, the South relied more heavily on the

A) use of conscription to maintain their armed forces.
B) issue of government bonds to borrow money.
C) imposition of government measures to control inflation.
D) levy of direct taxes for war finances.

Question 7

For his cabinet, Lincoln selected

A) friends to whom he owed political debts.
B) only those men who agreed with his views.
C) important Republicans whether they agreed with him or not.
D) men of lesser political stature or ability.

Question 8

The use of the new, longer-range rifles during the Civil War

A) contradicted the training offered at West Point.
B) reduced the emphasis on infantry attack.
C) produced a ghastly crop of dead men.
D) led to more effective use of artillery.

Question 9

The Emancipation Proclamation freed slaves in

A) the border states of the Union.
B) all portions of the United States
C) parts of the South already in northern hands.
D) unconquered parts of the Confederacy.

Question 10

Jefferson Davis was observed by his contemporaries as too

A) insensitive to criticism.
B) unwilling to experiment.
C) lazy and easy-going.
D) preoccupied with details.

Question 11

Placed in command of the Union armies in 1861, General George McClellan

A) wished to win the war "by maneuvering rather than fighting."
B) captured the city of Richmond during his Peninsula campaign.
C) inflicted unnecessary and embittering loss of life and property.
D) gained a reputation for bold, almost reckless tactics.

Question 12

The Battle of Bull Run was a prophetic one in that it showed the

A) superior ability of Union generals.
B) poor discipline of Confederate troops.
C) possibility that victory would be neither quick nor easy.
D) certainty of their prospects for quick victory.

Question 13

Lincoln's early actions as president indicated that he intended to

A) act only with the sanction of Congress.
B) rely heavily on his cabinet members' advice.
C) take responsibility for running his own administration.
D) respect the traditions and dogmas of the past

Question 14

The largest civil disturbance of the nineteenth century occurred in New York City in early July 1863, as

A) workers opposed to the draft rioted for three days.
B) peace activists demanded a negotiated end to the war.
C) blacks protested racial discrimination and segregation.
D) nativist mobs beat up Irish immigrants and destroyed their homes and businesses.

Question 15

During the early years of the Civil War, the northern navy concentrated on

A) raiding southern merchant ships.
B) developing new weapons and ironclad vessels.
C) gaining footholds along the southern coast for a blockade.
D) freeing the slaves in southern ports.

Question 16

In response to Fort Sumter,

A) the states of Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri seceded and joined the Confederacy.
B) northern authorities enlisted black volunteers for military service.
C) President Lincoln asked Congress to initiate plans for military conscription.
D) both the North and South witnessed a tremendous outpouring of support.

Question 17

Southerners thought that European nations would recognize and support the Confederacy because of the Europeans'

A) lack of economic ties with the North.
B) wish to back the winning side.
C) dependence upon southern cotton.
D) desire to upset the balance of power.

Question 18

During the early years of the war in the East

A) General Winfield Scott pushed for action and quick victory.
B) the South followed an exclusively defensive strategy.
C) a stalemate developed as decisive victory eluded both sides.
D) the North inflicted a devastating blow at the Battle of Bull Run.

Question 19

Political dissension in the South during the Civil War

A) led detractors to offer programs in opposition to Democratic policies.
B) tended to be factional, petty, and often personal in nature.
C) produced an arbitrary and tyrannical expansion of presidential power.
D) resulted in the establishment of party mechanisms to channel or curb criticism.

Question 20

The New York City draft riots of 1863

A) exposed the racial and class antagonisms of northern society.
B) led to the passage of more fair conscription laws.
C) resulted from extreme northern antiwar sentiment.
D) caused little damage and produced only minor disturbances.

Question 21

The Civil War transformed American society as

A) wartime jobs and wages provided substantial increases in real income.
B) women were forced to leave the workforce to care for homes and families.
C) economic dislocations reduced the standard of living for most civilians.
D) Americans became more parochial in their interests and concerns.

Question 22

What common problems did the North and South face in an extended war, and how did their solutions differ?

Question 23

During the war years, southern

A) industrialists failed to produce military supplies.
B) yeoman farmers suffered an economic decline.
C) planters increasingly relied on cash-crop agriculture.
D) politicians remained devoted to the concept of states' rights.

Question 24

At the Battle of Gettysburg, General Robert E. Lee

A) captured control of northern territory between Philadelphia and Washington.
B) suffered losses so heavy that he could never mount another southern offensive.
C) surrendered his army and supplies to General George Meade.
D) ordered Pickett's Charge as a daring escape to save his men.

Question 25

Which of the following was a/were famous Civil War healthcare professionals who revolutionized hospital care for the wounded?

A) Dorothea Dix
B) Clara Barton
C) Emily Blackwell
D) All of these answers are correct.

Question 26

Discuss the balance of resources between the North and South at the beginning of the Civil War and its implications for initial military strategy.

Question 27

What criticisms of Lincoln did the Democratic party espouse in the election of 1864?

A) The executive power had arbitrarily expanded.
B) The war had lasted too long.
C) The war had led to irresponsible banking measures.
D) All of these answers are correct.

Question 28

Analyze the results of the Civil War's military developments during 1861-1862.

Question 29

On April 9, 1865, General Grant accepted the Confederate surrender at

A) Appomattox, Virginia.
B) Raleigh, North Carolina.
C) Atlanta, Georgia.
D) Charleston, South Carolina.

Question 30

Which of the following does NOT describe the prison camp experience of American men during the Civil War?

A) Southern prison commanders received northern praise after the conflict ended.
B) The camps were very overcrowded.
C) The camps became very unsanitary.
D) Massive loss of life took place in the camps.

Question 31

The Civil War transformed race relations in the South as

A) blacks proved increasingly unwilling to play a subservient role.
B) whites gained greater appreciation of blacks with increased dependence upon them.
C) white violence toward blacks intensified with growing frustration over a losing war effort.
D) slaves drew closer to their masters in fear of the unknown.

Question 32

Which of the following qualities was NOT a part of Lincoln's success as president?

A) his humanity
B) his awareness of the terrible cost of war
C) his penchant for political graft and corruption
D) his determination to save the Union

Question 33

When the war was over, what had the South lost besides political independence?

A) Large and great cities lay in ruins.
B) Tools were worn out.
C) Agricultural fields lay barren.
D) All of these answers are correct.

Question 34

Why did the North win the Civil War?

A) It had fewer troops to feed.
B) It had superior manpower, equipment, and economy.
C) It relied on Native American troops.
D) It received monetary assistance from France and England.

Question 35

Contrast the backgrounds, leadership styles, and effectiveness of Presidents Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis.

Question 36

What major problems did the South experience in fighting and winning the war?

A) Southern black troops staged countless mutinies.
B) African American slaves burned several southern cities.
C) It lacked enough food, effective transportation, and military hardware.
D) There was incessant meddling in its affairs by France and England.

Question 37

As commander of the Union armies, General Ulysses S. Grant recommended a

A) policy of evasion and retreat, designed to lessen casualties and wear down the enemy.
B) campaign of annihilation, using the North's superior might to destroy southern armies.
C) tactic of hit-and-run maneuvers, offsetting the defensive advantages of southern armies.
D) strategy of naval and land blockades, causing economic deprivation and discontent.

Question 38

Which of the following war measures did southern civilians call into question during the conflict?

A) conscription
B) impressment
C) expansion of government power
D) All of these answers are correct.

Question 39

What roles did women achieve during the war that stood outside of traditional domestic life?

A) administration for soldier aid societies
B) making packages for soldiers at the front
C) making bandages
D) All of these answers are correct.

Question 40

During the Civil War, the northern army

A) treated black soldiers poorly.
B) paid blacks better than whites.
C) refused to recruit blacks.
D) considered blacks to be superior soldiers.

Question 41

How did southern and northern military strategies change from 1863 to 1865? With what results?

Question 42

Why did the North win the Civil War?

Question 43

Analyze the costs and consequences of the Civil War for the United States.

Question 44

Analyze the changes wrought by the Civil War on northern and southern societies and economies.

Question 45

The Emancipation Proclamation was one of the greatest political documents in American history. Defend or refute that statement.