Deck 3: Colonizing a Continent in the Seventeenth Century

Question 1

All of the following factors contributed to a disastrous beginning for the Jamestown colony EXCEPT the

A) lack of food and sanitary conditions.
B) misperceptions and mishandlings by the colonists of local natives.
C) unwillingness of the Virginia Company to risk further expenses.
D) unproductive mix of settlers.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The primary cause for continuing conflicts between English colonists and Native Americans in Virginia was the

A) English murder of Nemattanew, a Powhatan war captain and religious prophet.
B) organization of Chesapeake tribes by the proud and talented leader Opechancanough.
C) steady encroachment by land-hungry settlers on Indian territories.
D) refusal of Powhatan to allow his daughter Pocahontas to marry planter John Rolfe.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The life of Anthony Johnson, an African slave who first arrived in Virginia in 1621, illustrated that

A) from the beginning, black immigrants faced a life of degradation and bondage.
B) living conditions for colonial blacks steadily improved through the seventeenth century.
C) racial boundaries were not firmly marked in the early seventeenth century.
D) colonial blacks could gain their freedom by working industriously on the land.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

To establish a community of pure Christians in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, Puritans felt government should

A) grant political participation to all adult males.
B) guard religious freedom of choice.
C) punish religious as well as civil transgressors.
D) promote and protect individual interests.

Question 5

All of the following are true regarding the early tobacco industry EXCEPT:

A) Tobacco grew well in Chesapeake soil and climate.
B) Native Americans controlled the production of the early industry.
C) The "jovial weed" became popular in Europe.
D) James I denounced tobacco use.

Question 6

The root cause of King Philip's War in New England stemmed from the anger of young Wampanoags at the colonists'

A) refusal to sell them guns and supplies.
B) unwillingness to admit Native Americans to white churches and colleges.
C) attacks on their land base and political sovereignty.
D) alliance with their hated enemies, the Narragansetts.

Question 7

New Englanders built more private and comfortable houses at an earlier stage than colonists in the Chesapeake because of the

A) stunted and unstable family life in New England.
B) less worldly and materialistic attitudes of southerners.
C) unhealthy climate and environment in New England.
D) need of southerners to invest available capital in labor.

Question 8

As a result of the Indian assault of 1622 upon the Virginia colony, the colonists

A) pursued more ruthless and determined efforts to displace the Indians.
B) adopted a more peaceful and conciliatory attitude and policy toward the Indians.
C) secured a new charter from the king with greater powers of self-government.
D) suffered relatively few casualties and minor property losses.

Question 9

In the colony of Maryland, the Calvert family intended to

A) initiate all colonial legislation.
B) carefully limit population growth.
C) offer a religious refuge to Catholics.
D) promote economic and social equality.

Question 10

Bacon's Rebellion of 1676 relieved much of the social tension among white Virginians by

A) opening additional lands for white settlers.
B) halting the influx of black slaves.
C) quieting the Indian frontier with a program of educational missions and regulated trade.
D) making government more responsive to the common people.

Question 11

The organizers of the Jamestown colony were motivated primarily by a desire to

A) pursue military adventures against the Spanish.
B) spread Christian religion to native peoples.
C) earn profits by discovering gold and developing trade with Indians.
D) escape political oppression and religious persecution.

Question 12

The economic salvation for the Virginia colony proved to be

A) trade with the Powhatan Indians.
B) the invention of the cotton gin.
C) the mining of silver.
D) the cultivation of tobacco.

Question 13

In response to Bacon's Rebellion, Governor Berkeley of Virginia

A) sanctioned the attacks by Bacon against hostile Indians.
B) pardoned the rebel leaders upon their surrender.
C) declared Bacon a rebel and ordered him arrested.
D) refused the offer of aid from royal troops in England.

Question 14

Unlike the Puritans, the Pilgrims

A) expected to convert a sinful world.
B) preferred to settle in Holland rather than America.
C) squabbled with local Indians.
D) separated from the Church of England.

Question 15

The Puritans of England

A) wished to rid the Church of England of all Catholic beliefs and practices.
B) shunned the notions of social reform and missionary activity.
C) welcomed changes sparked by England's accelerating commercial activity.
D) loyally supported the rule of King Charles I.

Question 16

Puritan minister Roger Williams supported

A) mandatory church attendance for all colonists.
B) complete separation of church and state.
C) colonial usurpation of native lands.
D) New England's affiliation with the Church of England.

Question 17

In contrast to Virginia, the colony of Massachusetts Bay thrived almost from the beginning because the early Puritan settlers

A) chose a location uninhabited by hostile Indians.
B) arrived as young, single, and healthy males unburdened by family commitments.
C) were less educated and thus less easily dissatisfied.
D) came as freemen in families and possessed a strong work ethic and valuable skills.

Question 18

Which of the following hallmarks of American society might be traced to the Puritans?

A) celebration of religious and cultural diversity
B) individual freedom of thought and action
C) stress on literacy and education
D) separation of church and state

Question 19

In 1618 the Virginia Company attracted new settlers to its colony by

A) offering them a share of the company's profits.
B) advertising the benefits of Virginia's healthy environment and comfortable living conditions.
C) promising free land at the end of seven years' labor for the company.
D) paying significantly higher wages than those prevailing throughout Europe.

Question 20

Which of the following elements contributed to the cohesion of Puritan village life in New England?

A) substantial investments in bound labor
B) absence of women and children
C) cold and rainy weather
D) predominance of families

Question 21

The Navigation Act of 1660

A) promoted colonial trade by removing English duties on enumerated articles.
B) created stringent enforcement mechanisms by which England regulated colonial trade.
C) allowed expanded exports of colonial tobacco to European markets.
D) listed colonial products that could be shipped only to England or to other English colonies.

Question 22

The Society of Friends, or Quakers,

A) enjoyed official approval and widespread popularity in England during the seventeenth century.
B) preached the need for a rigid social hierarchy to preserve order and stability.
C) believed the church and its ministers provided the keys to heavenly salvation.
D) renounced the use of force in human affairs and rejected a hierarchical society.

Question 23

Although Anthony Johnson arrived from Africa in 1621, he found it easier than his grandchildren would to escape slavery. Why?

Question 24

Slavery never became the foundation of the northern colonial workforce because

A) labor-intensive crops were not grown by the Puritans.
B) New England merchants refused to participate in the international slave trade.
C) colonists there viewed slavery as immoral.
D) it proved impossible to train slaves as domestic servants or artisans.

Question 25

You are an indentured servant living in the Virginia colony in 1650. Describe your background, current conditions, and future prospects.

Question 26

The Dutch colony of New Netherland

A) restricted all newcomers to membership in the Dutch Reformed Calvinist Church.
B) had to rely upon English merchants for overseas trade.
C) became the colony of New York following English takeover in 1664.
D) was blocked from inland trade by hostile Iroquois Indians.

Question 27

Most English Protestants considered Quakers as dangerous fanatics for all of the following reasons EXCEPT refusal to

A) pay taxes in support of the Church of England.
B) defer to superiors in their customs and speech.
C) sign witnesses' oaths on the Bible.
D) All of these answers are correct.

Question 28

What were the causes of the Salem witchcraft episode?

A) general differences among the colonists
B) religious differences among the colonists
C) family animosities among the colonists
D) All of these answers are correct.

Question 29

Explain the pragmatic as well as the psychological reasons that led white American colonists of the seventeenth century to transform the black servant from a human being to a piece of chattel property.

Question 30

The architects of the Carolina colony

A) designed the most democratic of all the colonial governments.
B) intended to create a hereditary aristocracy of wealthy manor lords.
C) commissioned the capture of Indians for sale as slaves in New England and the West Indies.
D) wished to pursue radical social experiments begun during the English civil war.

Question 31

Compare Spanish experiences in their frontier outposts of Florida and New Mexico in the late 1600s and early 1700s.

Question 32

The Pueblos were pushed to the point of revolt when the Spaniards began to

A) assault their religion by seizing their kivas.
B) take more and more of their land.
C) burn down their villages.
D) use them as conscripted labor.

Question 33

Analyze the backgrounds, ideologies, goals, and modes of settlement among European immigrants to North America that produced distinctly different societies along the Atlantic seaboard in the seventeenth century.

Question 34

Why did the early years of the Jamestown colony prove to be a "starving time"? Could such a result have been avoided?

Question 35

William Penn believed that the Indians should be

A) compensated for their land.
B) freely engaged in trade.
C) sold into slavery.
D) removed forcibly from his colony.

Question 36

By the early seventeenth century, the French

A) developed a fur trade in Canada.
B) rapidly populated the province of Quebec.
C) befriended the Iroquois in local Indian wars.
D) became preoccupied with internal struggles.

Question 37

Did tobacco provide a salvation for the Virginia colony or merely set the stage for future problems? Explain.

Question 38

Which of the following factors was most instrumental in securing victory for the New England colonists in King Philip's War?

A) political cohesion among the colonies
B) efficient mobilization of colonial manpower and supplies
C) internal problems for the Native Americans, such as food shortages, disease, and defections
D) conversion of King Philip to Christianity

Question 39

After experimenting with various crops, the colonists of South Carolina decided to concentrate upon the cultivation of

A) rice.
B) cotton.
C) sugar.
D) indigo.

Question 40

By 1720, the population of South Carolina

A) shared common social and religious goals.
B) enjoyed a relatively disease-free environment.
C) consisted mostly of black slaves.
D) engaged in a variety of economic pursuits.