Deck 27: Musculoskeletal-Related Dysfunctions of the Pelvic Floor

Question 1

What is the term for a muscle spasm of the anal sphincter that causes sharp rectal pain that lasts from seconds to 30 minutes and frequently occurs in the middle of the night?

A) Coccydynia
B) Proctalgia fugax
C) Levator ani syndrome
D) Nonrelaxing puborectalis

Answer 1

Proctalgia fugax

Question 2

The levator ani muscle can stretch almost 260% of its resting length.What function relies on this extremely large stretch ratio?

A) Vaginal childbirth delivery
B) Defecation
C) Diaphragmatic breathing
D) Ambulation

Answer 2

Vaginal childbirth delivery

Question 3

How many layers of musculature are in the pelvic floor?

A) 3
B) 6
C) 10
D) 12

Answer 3

3

Question 4

Urinary continence is maintained when which of the following is true?

A) Sphincteric pressure around the anus exceeds that of the contracting detrusor muscle of the bladder and intraabdominal pressure
B) Sphincteric and detrusor muscle pressure around the urethra exceed intraabdominal pressure
C) Sphincteric pressure around the urethra exceeds that of the contracting detrusor muscle of the bladder and intraabdominal pressure
D) Sphincteric pressure around the urethra is less than that of the contracting detrusor muscle of the bladder and intraabdominal pressure

Question 5

What type of pelvic floor dysfunction involves an inability to coordinate the muscles of the abdominal wall and the pelvic floor necessary to urinate or defecate?

A) Hypertonic
B) Visceral
C) Supportive
D) Incoordination

Question 6

An anatomical support deficit of the pelvic viscera that may result from a series of long-term failures of the supporting and suspension mechanisms of the uterus and vaginal wall is:

A) pelvic organ prolapse (POP).
B) bladder sphincter dyssynergia.
C) abdominal pelvic dyssynergia.
D) all of the above.

Question 7

What is the common name for voluntary pelvic floor contractions or exercises?

A) Levator ani stretches
B) Dyspareunia
C) Kegel exercises
D) Isometrics

Question 8

Dysparenunia is the term for pain during or after:

A) defecation.
B) urination.
C) sexual intercourse.
D) vaginal childbirth.

Question 9

Which muscle is NOT in the deepest layer of muscles of the pelvic floor?

A) Levator ani
B) Coccygeus
C) Piriformis
D) Bulbocavernosus

Question 10

The pelvic floor musculature may become dysfunctional for many reasons,including:

A) childbirth.
B) surgery.
C) skeletal malalignment.
D) All of the above

Question 11

Which of the following is true about POP?

A) It decreases with age and number of given births
B) It increases with age and number of given births
C) It increases with number of given births,but age is not a factor
D) It increases with age,but number of given births is not a factor

Question 12

Which of the following is not considered a function of the pelvic floor?

A) Maintain urinary and fecal continence
B) Support the upper and lower extremities
C) Aid in sexual appreciation
D) Support the bony pelvis

Question 13

Another name for interstitial cystitis (IC)is:

A) painful bladder syndrome.
B) levator ani syndrome.
C) dyspareunia.
D) vulvodynia.

Question 14

The pelvic floor is bordered by the pubic symphysis and pubic rami anteriorly,the ischial tuberosities and acetabulum laterally,and the _______ and _______ posteriorly.

A) coccyx,levator ani muscle
B) anterior ligament,posterior ligament
C) bladder,vagina
D) sacrum,coccyx

Question 15

How many layers of fascia are in the pelvic floor?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 5

Question 16

What is the term for a muscle spasm of the anal sphincter that causes rectal pain that restricts the anal canal?

A) Anismus
B) Bladder sphincter dyssynergia
C) Coccydynia
D) Constipation

Question 17

What type of pelvic floor dysfunction is characterized by pelvic floor muscles being in a state of increased tension or prolonged state of contraction with the inability to relax?

A) Supportive
B) Incoordination
C) Hypertonic
D) Visceral

Question 18

What is a commonly used scale for assessment of the pelvic floor in order to determine an appropriate exercise prescription?

A) Cambridge scale
B) PELVIC Scale
C) PERFECT Scale
D) POWER Scale

Question 19

What is a condition in which there is an inability to coordinate the necessary muscles of the abdominal wall and the pelvic floor to urinate or defecate?

A) Animus
B) Abdominal pelvic dyssynergia
C) Chronic pelvic pain
D) Constipation

Question 20

What is the term for a prolapse of the bladder?

A) Cystocele
B) Enterocele
C) Piriformis syndrome
D) Sciatica