Question 1

A term reserved for a disease that is acquired in a clinical setting is known as a(n)_____ infection.&#10;A)Enterohemorrhagic&#10;B)Contagious&#10;C)Multidrug-resistant&#10;D)Nosocomial&#10;E)Acute

Accepted Answer

A nosocomial infection is an infection that is acquired in a clinical setting, such as a hospital or healthcare facility. This term is used to distinguish infections that were likely acquired during a medical procedure or stay in the hospital from those that were acquired in the community. Examples of nosocomial infections include MRSA, C. difficile, and ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Question 2

A(n)_____ is the general term that describes someone who does not become sick when harboring an infectious pathogen,but has the potential to transmit the infectious pathogen to others.&#10;A)Carrier&#10;B)Bioterrorist&#10;C)Opportunist&#10;D)Food handler

Accepted Answer

A carrier is someone who does not display symptoms of an infection, but can still spread the pathogen to others. This can be dangerous, as the carrier may unwittingly infect others who are more vulnerable to the disease. Carriers can be either chronic (long-term) or convalescent (recovering from an infection), and can spread the pathogen through a variety of means, including direct contact, food, and water. Bioterrorists, opportunists, and food handlers are not necessarily carriers, as they may or may not be infected with a pathogen and may or may not be capable of infecting others.

Question 3

What is the general term for the first obstacles to infection which can prevent the pathogenic organism from doing harm?&#10;A)Nosocomial response&#10;B)Virulence factor&#10;C)Host defense&#10;D)Toxins&#10;E)Digestive enzyme

Accepted Answer

Host defense refers to the immune system's first line of defense against pathogens, which includes physical barriers such as the skin and mucous membranes, as well as immune cells and molecules that can recognize and eliminate invading pathogens. This is the general term for the first obstacles to infection that can prevent the pathogenic organism from causing harm.

Question 4

The appearance of insect-borne diseases in more northerly climates can be attributed to what aspects of climate change? Which diseases are of most concern?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The appearance of insect-borne diseases in more...

Question 5

Which of the following is a mismatched pair?&#10;A)Bacillus anthracis - respiratory disease&#10;B)Escherichia coli - bloody diarrhea&#10;C)Mycobacterium tuberculosis - food poisoning&#10;D)Avian influenza - human flu&#10;E)Yersinia pestis - plague

Accepted Answer

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of tuberculosis, a respiratory disease. It is not associated with food poisoning.

Question 6

The overarching term that describes the study of the factors responsible for the prevalence and transmission of infectious diseases is&#10;A)Pathogenesis&#10;B)Epidemiology&#10;C)Immunology&#10;D)Virology

Accepted Answer

Epidemiology is the study of how infectious diseases spread and affect populations. It looks at factors such as the mode of transmission, risk factors, and patterns of disease occurrence. Pathogenesis, immunology, and virology are all related to the study of infectious diseases, but they are more specific areas of focus within the broader field of epidemiology.

Question 7

In early June of 2013,people in the Middle East were worried about a new coronavirus which at that time had led to about 50 confirmed cases,30 of whom had died.The virus could spread from patient to patient in hospitals and soon patients arriving from the Middle East were spreading it to Europe.Give your best guess as to the means by which the virus is transmitted.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In early June of 2013,people in the...

Question 8

Which substance or process decreases the virulence of a bacterial pathogen in a host?&#10;A)Peptidoglycan&#10;B)Adaptive immune cells&#10;C)Virulence factor&#10;D)Binary fission&#10;E)Toxins

Accepted Answer

Adaptive immune cells can recognize and neutralize pathogenic bacteria, decreasing their virulence in the host.

Question 9

The most common means by which multi-drug resistant tuberculosis is transmitted is&#10;A)Through the use of contaminated needles or syringes&#10;B)By dispersal of aerosols containing droplets carrying causative bacteria&#10;C)By inhaling spores of the causative agent&#10;D)By ingesting undercooked ground beef&#10;E)By individuals who fail to wash their hands after using the lavatory

Accepted Answer

Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis is primarily spread through the air by inhaling droplets containing the causative bacteria. This can occur when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, dispersing the infectious droplets into the air.

Question 10

Temperature,pain,redness,and swelling are the hallmarks of&#10;A)Inflammation&#10;B)Virulence&#10;C)Nosocomial infections&#10;D)Immunological memory&#10;E)None of the above

Accepted Answer

Temperature, pain, redness, and swelling are all classic signs of inflammation, which is the body's response to infection, injury, or irritation. Inflammation can also cause fever, loss of function, and other symptoms.

Question 11

The general term for the ability of an&#160;organism to overcome host defenses and cause disease is associated with the _____ of a pathogen.&#10;A)Peptidoglycan&#10;B)Latency&#10;C)Virulence&#10;D)Innate immune response&#10;E)Natural habitat

Accepted Answer

The answer of The general term for the ability of...

Question 12

Which of the following explains the dramatic decrease in death rates attributed to infectious disease during the twentieth century?&#10;A)Advances in public health&#10;B)Chlorination of drinking water&#10;C)Use of antibiotics&#10;D)Effective vaccine programs&#10;E)All of the choices

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following explains the dramatic...

Question 13

An example of how a pathogen is transmitted to a new host is via&#10;A)Air&#10;B)Food&#10;C)Water&#10;D)Insects&#10;E)All of the choices

Accepted Answer

The answer of An example of how a pathogen is...

Question 14

Microorganisms that normally colonize skin and mucous membranes can be&#10;A)Commensal&#10;B)Nonpathogenic&#10;C)Mutualistic&#10;D)Protective against pathogens&#10;E)All of the choices

Accepted Answer

The answer of Microorganisms that normally colonize skin and mucous...

Question 15

Which of the following is true of enterohemorrhagic bacteria contracted from ground beef?&#10;A)It may be the result of ingesting Escherichia coli 0157:H7&#10;B)It causes short-lived symptoms of food poisoning and is never life threatening&#10;C)It is always antibiotic-resistant&#10;D)It affects only the gastrointestinal tract of young children and the elderly&#10;E)It is still a risk even if the ground beef is cooked thoroughly

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is true of...

Question 16

A rapid rise has recently occurred in the number of tuberculosis patients and in the problems of treating this disease.What factors are contributing to this?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A rapid rise has recently occurred in...

Question 17

If a person is immunocompromised,it is very likely that he or she may be&#10;A)A carrier&#10;B)An AIDS patient&#10;C)Disease-resistant&#10;D)Lacking sugar&#10;E)Lacking minerals

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a person is immunocompromised,it is very...

Deck 1: What is Microbiology and Why Does it Matter?