Deck 12: The Structure and Infection Cycle of Viruses

Question 1

A capsomere is

A)A protective protein shell surrounding nucleic acid
B)The complete viral particle
C)A phospholipid bilayer that contains glycoproteins
D)A protein molecule that forms the capsid
E)The sum of the nucleic acid and the capsid

Answer 1

A protein molecule that forms the capsid

Question 2

Enveloped viral structure
Use the figure below to answer the following questions.

In the figure which letter (A-D)indicates the RNA or DNA?

Answer 2

D

Question 3

A virion is

A)A protective protein shell surrounding nucleic acid
B)The complete viral particle
C)A phospholipid bilayer that contains glycoproteins
D)A protein molecule that forms the capsid
E)The sum of the nucleic acid and the capsid

Answer 3

A phospholipid bilayer that contains glycoproteins

Question 4

Enveloped viral structure
Use the figure below to answer the following questions.

In the figure which letter (A-D)indicates the part that will eventually fuse with the host cell plasma membrane?

Question 5

How does a simple icosahedral virus differ from a complex icosahedral virus?

Question 6

A capsid is

A)A protective protein shell surrounding nucleic acid
B)The complete viral particle
C)A phospholipid bilayer that contains glycoproteins
D)A protein molecule that forms the capsid
E)The sum of the nucleic acid and the capsid

Question 7

What is the composition of viruses?

A)Proteins and enzymes
B)Proteins and genetic material
C)Enzymes and genetic material
D)None of the choices
E)All of the choices

Question 8

Explain the difference between helical and icosahedral symmetry.Provide an example of each.

Question 9

Enveloped viral structure
Use the figure below to answer the following questions.

In the figure which letter (A-D)indicates neuraminidase or hemagglutinin?

Question 10

Reverse transcriptase is a(n)

A)RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
B)RNA-dependent DNA polymerase
C)DNA-dependent RNA polymerase
D)DNA-dependent DNA polymerase

Question 11

Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that

A)Is provided by the host cell
B)Is virally encoded and must be synthesized immediately after infection by (-) single-stranded RNA viruses
C)Is carried within retroviruses and can function immediately after infection
D)Copies viral DNA into (+) RNA

Question 12

The _____ is the protein that is located between the capsid and the nucleocapsid of some enveloped viruses.

A)Glycoprotein spike
B)Icosahedron
C)Helix
D)Tegument
E)Nucleic acid-binding protein

Question 13

A nucleocapsid

A)A protective protein shell surrounding nucleic acid
B)The complete viral particle
C)A phospholipid bilayer that contains glycoproteins
D)A protein molecule that forms the capsid
E)The sum of the nucleic acid and the capsid

Question 14

Endosomes that assist in the uncoating of non-enveloped viruses function via

A)Hydrolytic enzymes
B)An acidic environment
C)Host proteases
D)Virally encoded lipases
E)Fusion pores

Question 15

Enveloped viral structure
Use the figure below to answer the following questions.

In the figure which letter (A-D)indicates the matrix protein?

Question 16

Which of these processes is not used by viruses to spread within a host?

A)Syncytia
B)The production of decoy virions to confuse and distract the host defenses
C)Movement through the apical surface of epithelial cells to spread to neighboring cells
D)Transportation by microtubules
E)Lysis of the host cell

Question 17

Regions on the host cell's plasma membrane rich in cholesterol and particular types of fatty acids to which some viruses attach are called

A)Syncytia
B)Protein coats
C)Capsomeres
D)Lipid rafts

Question 18

Retroviruses contain _____ which catalyzes the synthesis of DNA encoded by their RNA.

A)Reverse transcriptase
B)RNA polymerase
C)DNA polymerase
D)RNA transcriptase
E)RNA replicase

Question 19

Why is the capsid an important part of the structure of the virus?

A)It allows for the virion to withstand harsh environments until it infects a cell
B)It is easily shed when the virion enters into the host cell
C)It selectively allows certain agents to penetrate the coat and enter into the virion
D)It allows the virion to withstand harsh environments and is easily shed when it enters the host cell
E)It allows the virion to withstand harsh environments and selectively allows certain agents to penetrate the coat and enter the virion

Question 20

A viral envelope is

A)A protective protein shell surrounding nucleic acid
B)The complete viral particle
C)A phospholipid bilayer that contains glycoproteins
D)A protein molecule that forms the capsid
E)The sum of the nucleic acid and the capsid

Question 21

Identify the sequence of events that occurs during the lytic cycle of an animal virus infection.Describe in basic terms what takes place at each step.

Question 22

What processes can viruses use to spread within a host and describe how they help avoid and evade host defenses?