Deck 7: The Primates

Question 1

Primates have a long period of dependency after birth because

A)they are larger than most animals.
B)they are less well-adapted.
C)they develop slowly.
D)they have more to learn than most animals in order to survive.

Answer 1

they have more to learn than most animals in order to survive.

Question 2

A cladistic taxonomy is based on

A)order of evolutionary branching.
B)phenotypic characteristics.
C)adaptive features.
D)comparison of coding genes.

Answer 2

order of evolutionary branching.

Question 3

Criteria for cladistic taxonomic categories are best seen as

A)statements about adaptation
B)cultural categories
C)based on evolutionary relationships
D)based on subjective assessments

Answer 3

based on evolutionary relationships

Question 4

The name most closely associated with the system traditionally used to classify living things is

A)Darwin.
B)Linnaeus.
C)Lyell.
D)Lamarck.

Question 5

Primates live in societies based largely on

A)unconscious herding behavior.
B)collective relationships among a group of individuals.
C)inborn,genetically-based behavior patterns.
D)agreed upon,although unwritten,formalized laws.

Question 6

The ability to touch the thumb with the tips of the other fingers is called

A)prehensile.
B)opposability.
C)dexterity.
D)grasping.

Question 7

There are now about how many species of living primates?

A)50
B)100
C)200 to 300
D)500

Question 8

Criteria for phenetic taxonomic categories are best seen as

A)merely lists of characteristics.
B)outdated and,therefore,of little use in modern biology.
C)statements about adaptive patterns.
D)subjective and culturally-biased.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a trait of all mammals?

A)birth of live young
B)hair (at least at some time in their evolutionary history)
C)milk for nourishing the young
D)warm-bloodedness

Question 10

Which is NOT a general trait of the movement of the primates?

A)quadrupedal walking
B)prehensile hands
C)opposable thumbs
D)habitual bipedal walking

Question 11

Which of the following traits is possessed ONLY by mammals?

A)warm-bloodedness
B)birth of live young
C)nourishment of the young with milk
D)parental care of the young

Question 12

Most primates give birth to

A)litters of young.
B)twins.
C)one offspring at a time.
D)triplets.

Question 13

Humans are members of phylum chordata because of our

A)jointed legs.
B)backbones.
C)complex digestive systems.
D)multicellular structure with hard parts.

Question 14

The brains of primates are

A)larger in absolute size than the brains of any other mammals.
B)all as complex as the human brain.
C)larger in relative size than the brains of other mammals.
D)the only mammalian brains capable of reasoning and problem solving.

Question 15

The best analogue to the system of nested categories in taxonomy is

A)the three branches of the federal government.
B)the academic departments at a university.
C)the address on a letter.
D)the teams in major league sports.

Question 16

The ability to grasp with the hands (and,sometimes,feet)is called

A)opposability.
B)manual dexterity.
C)bipedalism.
D)prehensile.

Question 17

The dominant sense of the primates is

A)smell.
B)vision.
C)hearing.
D)taste.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a reason we humans are placed in kingdom Animalia?

A)We ingest our food.
B)We have nervous systems and sense organs.
C)We are capable of intentional movement.
D)We reproduce sexually.

Question 19

The most accurate description of the adaptive environment of the primate order is

A)tropical.
B)terrestrial.
C)savanna.
D)arboreal.

Question 20

Which of the following are NOT vertebrates?

A)sharks
B)apes
C)frogs
D)lobsters

Question 21

Humans are considered

A)Old World primates.
B)New World primates.
C)prosimians.
D)apes.

Question 22

In some primates,there is differential social power and influence.This is technically known as

A)social status.
B)dominance hierarchy.
C)troop organization.
D)charisma.

Question 23

Primates identify one another,as species and as individuals,mostly through

A)smell.
B)observation of mating behavior.
C)color patterns,largely on the face,and facial features.
D)social status and power level.

Question 24

A common primate practice that serves to both maintain hygiene and group harmony and unity is called

A)bathing.
B)dominance hierarchy.
C)grooming.
D)vocalization.

Question 25

Most prosimians now live

A)on mainland Africa.
B)on mainland Asia.
C)in the New World.
D)on Madagascar and the islands of Southeast Asia.

Question 26

Relative to the other primates,the prosimians

A)are more intelligent.
B)have better vision.
C)have a better sense of smell.
D)are more widely dispersed.

Question 27

The first nonhuman primate observed hunting was the

A)bonobo.
B)chimpanzee.
C)gorilla.
D)orangutan.

Question 28

Nonhuman primates communicate through all of the following EXCEPT

A)vocalizations.
B)symbolic language.
C)facial expression.
D)body gestures.

Question 29

Humans differ LEAST from the other primates in

A)locomotion.
B)complexity and size of brain.
C)the senses.
D)length of time of dependency and maturation.

Question 30

Humans differ MOST from the other primates in

A)the senses.
B)the importance of living in social groups.
C)sexual behavior.
D)number of offspring at each birth.

Question 31

Superfamily Hominoidea consists of

A)all human species,living and extinct.
B)the great apes.
C)the great apes and the lesser apes.
D)all apes and all humans.

Question 32

Chimpanzees exhibit one behavior in the wild that can be considered cultural.It is

A)the hunting of small animals.
B)the ability to learn human sign language.
C)a complex social organization and symbolic communication.
D)the manufacture of simple tools.

Question 33

New World monkeys DO NOT differ from Old World primates in

A)number of teeth.
B)presence of prehensile tail in some species.
C)shape of nose.
D)color vision.

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a difference between the hominoids and the Old World monkeys?

A)larger brains
B)larger size
C)fewer offspring at each birth
D)no tails

Question 35

Which is NOT a difference between some prosimians and the anthropoid primates?

A)grooming claws
B)limited opposability
C)number with color vision
D)birth of twins or triplets

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT true of the prosimians?

A)About half are nocturnal.
B)They most resemble the earliest primates.
C)Most lack color vision.
D)Most lack stereoscopic vision.

Question 37

The author of the text uses hominid to refer to

A)only humans and our direct ancestors
B)humans and the African apes
C)humans and all the apes
D)extinct humans

Question 38

Like some of the prosimians,some of the marmosets of South America

A)give birth to twins.
B)lack color vision.
C)have grooming claws.
D)have prehensile tails.