Deck 15: Becoming a Better Teacher by Becoming a Reflective Teacher

Question 1

Professor Barr is preparing a scientific report for a journal. According to Aristotle, Professor Barr is engaging in:

A) empiricism.
B) modus tollens.
C) argument.
D) qualitative methodology.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The purpose of the ____ is to give an overall description of an experiment.

A) abstract
B) introduction
C) results
D) discussion

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The hypothesis is developed from previous research. This is described in the:

A) abstract.
B) method.
C) background.
D) introduction.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Psychologists communicate their findings to other psychologists through:

A) published journal articles.
B) formal oral presentations at scientific meetings.
C) informal conversations with colleagues.
D) all of these

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the two types of audiences to which researchers communicate their research findings?

A) journal editors and colleagues
B) university officials and nonscientists
C) media and governmental officials
D) scientists and nonscientists

Question 6

Most formal communication between scientists takes place:

A) in conferences and workshops.
B) on the Internet and email.
C) in books.
D) in published journal articles.

Question 7

Why is a well-written abstract important in light of the use of electronic databases?

A) More people have access to the abstract.
B) The abstract will include a comprehensive bibliography that other researchers would find helpful.
C) The abstract includes key words that are used to identify the article in an electronic search.
D) Organizations that fund research often will read abstracts in databases and it may lead to the researcher receiving financial support.

Question 8

The section of the paper that describes exactly how an experiment was conducted is called the:

A) introduction.
B) method.
C) abstract.
D) discussion.

Question 9

The brief 100-150 word summary that appears before the body of a scientific article is called the:

A) introduction.
B) synopsis.
C) abstract.
D) preface.

Question 10

Conducting experimentation and observations is what Aristotle termed:

A) inference.
B) inquiry.
C) modus ponens.
D) falsification.

Question 11

Which of the following is not one of the five parts of a scientific paper?

A) method
B) introduction
C) conclusion
D) abstract

Question 12

The method should contain enough detail so that:

A) someone could replicate the study.
B) the reader can evaluate how the data were analyzed.
C) the reader can understand the outcomes of the study.
D) the reader can clearly identify the hypothesis.

Question 13

A scientific article begins with:

A) a description of the methods by which an experiment was performed.
B) a description of what is already known about the phenomenon in question.
C) a statement of the hypothesis being tested.
D) a discussion of the results of the experiment.

Question 14

Which of the following does not appear in the introduction to a scientific article?

A) statement of purpose
B) hypothesis and predictions
C) statement of the outcome of the experiment
D) description of relevant background

Question 15

A review of the literature that pertains to a paper's topic is most likely to appear in the:

A) introduction.
B) method.
C) abstract.
D) discussion.

Question 16

The changes in language proposed by the APA's publication manual is an attempt to be more:

A) formal.
B) informal.
C) general.
D) specific.

Question 17

The idea that science is a shared activity is by no means new. More than 2000 years ago, Aristotle emphasized that science had two parts:

A) inquiry and argument.
B) theoretical and applied.
C) statistical significance and scientific significance.
D) exploration and summary.

Question 18

According to the APA's publication style, in describing participants, gender refers to ____ whereas sex refers to ____.

A) imprecise category; precise category
B) participants; preference
C) a biological distinction; a social group
D) a social group; a biological distinction

Question 19

According to APA style, which term is most appropriate when referring to those who take part in research?

A) colleagues
B) participants
C) subjects
D) members

Question 20

An introduction proceeds from:

A) a general topic to a specific purpose.
B) a specific purpose to a broader purpose.
C) specific hypothesis to general applications.
D) method to results.

Question 21

The procedural details of the study are part of the:

A) method.
B) process.
C) protocol.
D) introduction.

Question 22

If an experimenter used deception in her study, she ought to describe the debriefing of participants and follow-up in the ____ part of the article.

A) introduction
B) abstract
C) method
D) discussion

Question 23

What the results of a study mean is the focus of the ____ section.

A) follow-up
B) discussion
C) results
D) debriefing

Question 24

A statement of the outcome of an experiment and whether it was statistically significant is included in the section called:

A) discussion.
B) results.
C) introduction.
D) procedure.

Question 25

Which of the following is not contained in the results section?

A) statement of what happened
B) interpretation of the outcome
C) statements of statistical significance
D) figures and tables

Question 26

Where should information about how research participants were selected be placed?

A) abstract
B) introduction
C) results
D) method

Question 27

Limitations or potential confounds that might affect your interpretation of the results are typically addressed in the ____ section.

A) results
B) introduction
C) discussion
D) debriefing

Question 28

Only research articles that contain multiple experiments are likely to contain:

A) procedure.
B) introduction.
C) results.
D) general discussion.

Question 29

Description of equipment that is used during a study should include:

A) brand names.
B) model numbers.
C) instrumentation settings.
D) all of these

Question 30

The method section of a paper should include a description of:

A) the experimental and control group.
B) the number and gender of the participants.
C) how participants were recruited.
D) all of these

Question 31

Which of the following is not included in the discussion section?

A) main results of the experiment
B) limitations of the experiment
C) ways that your experiment relates to other similar experiments
D) statistical significance of the results

Question 32

The number of participants and who they were are fully described in the ____ section.

A) abstract
B) method
C) results
D) hypothesis

Question 33

The reference section includes the citations for all:

A) of the papers you have read on the subject under study.
B) other studies of the subject.
C) studies on the subject by authors other than yourself.
D) of the studies you cited in the paper.

Question 34

The section of the experimental report that is most analogous to a recipe is the:

A) abstract.
B) introduction.
C) method.
D) discussion.

Question 35

Operational definitions of the variables are included in a part of the method section called:

A) apparatus.
B) procedure.
C) variables.
D) results.

Question 36

The method is divided into:

A) subjects, elements, and apparatus.
B) hypothesis, statistics, and tables.
C) participants, apparatus, and procedure.
D) charts, participants, and procedure.

Question 37

Professor Beenken is preparing a research article and is currently writing how the results support the hypothesis. In what sections will this information appear?

A) procedure
B) introduction
C) discussion
D) references

Question 38

The section of the experimental report that is most important for permitting exact replication is the:

A) introduction.
B) method.
C) results.
D) discussion.

Question 39

"Et al." as in Ray et al. refers to:

A) acting as scientist.
B) primary investigator.
C) and others.
D) of the university.

Question 40

In constructing a graph, the ____ is placed on the y-axis and the ____ is placed on the x-axis.

A) dependent variable; independent variable
B) independent variable; confounding variable
C) statistic; result
D) experimental group; control group

Question 41

Describe the general form and purpose of the introduction.

Question 42

In the discussion section of an article, what three parts are presented?

Question 43

After an article is accepted for publication it typically takes ____ before it appears in print.

A) a few months to over a year
B) a few weeks to a few months
C) one week to four weeks
D) five to seven days

Question 44

If you write an article and place it on your web page:

A) it should be marked as an unpublished paper or draft manuscript.
B) it must be removed from the web paged if it is subsequently published.
C) it may later be refused by some journals for publication.
D) all of these

Question 45

If you wish to publish an article, the first question to ask is:

A) "What portion of the science community do I want to read my article?"
B) "What title will capture the attention of prospective readers?"
C) "Did the results of my study support the hypotheses?"
D) "What font does the journal use to publish articles?"

Question 46

When articles are submitted for publication, the journal editor usually sends them to other scientists familiar with the topic for recommendations concerning publication. This process is referred to as:

A) summary review.
B) peer review.
C) evaluation.
D) proof reading.

Question 47

In a research proposal, the results section:

A) is omitted.
B) includes your data.
C) describes how the data will be quantified and analyzed.
D) includes figures and tables.

Question 48

In preparing research proposals, the first question to consider is:

A) "What is the significance of the proposed research?"
B) "Has the relevant literature been surveyed adequately?"
C) "How are the data to be analyzed?"
D) "What is the problem?"

Question 49

Briefly discuss the five main sections of a research article.

Question 50

How are statistics and graphs used to make an effective results section?

Question 51

Describe the rationale behind the necessity of a more detailed method section in a study using deception.

Question 52

What are the purposes of the reference section of a paper?

Question 53

What suggestions does the APA publication manual offer for referring to individuals and groups?

Question 54

The final decision concerning publication of any journal article rests with:

A) the scientists who evaluate the paper.
B) the editor of the journal.
C) the publisher of the journal.
D) none of these

Question 55

If a researcher places her article on the web, what are some precautions that need to be taken?

Question 56

You should include references:

A) to acknowledge documented scientific facts.
B) to give credit to other researchers.
C) to direct the reader to more detailed discussions of theoretical issues.
D) all of these

Question 57

What are the principal reasons for communicating scientific findings?

Question 58

The time between the editor's acceptance of your article for publication and the actual publication is called:

A) publication lag.
B) journal backlog.
C) publication swell.
D) journal lag.

Question 59

An informative title of a journal article includes the:

A) independent variable and dependent variable.
B) dependent variable and the participant groups.
C) results of the study.
D) dependent variable and the behavior(s) under study.

Question 60

Construct an outline for a research proposal, indicating the different sections that you would include and what would be contained in each section.

Question 61

What are the steps involved in peer review? Why do you think this system evolved?

Question 62

Describe the steps involved in publishing an article in a scientific journal.