Deck 22: Organic Chemistry

Question 1

What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?

A) 2,4-dimethylhexane
B) 2-ethyl-4-methylpentane
C) 2,4-methylhexane
D) 3,5-dimethylhexane
E) 2,4-octane

Answer 1

2,4-dimethylhexane

Question 2

Cylinders of bottled gas used in campstoves and grills contain liquid

A) methane.
B) ethane.
C) propane
D) acetylene.
E) ethene.

Answer 2

propane

Question 3

How many π bonds are present in (the noncyclic hydrocarbon)C₃H₄?

A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
E) 6

Answer 3

2

Question 4

What are the approximate bond angles in C₃H₈?

A) 60°
B) 90°
C) 109.5°
D) 120°
E) 90° and 120°

Question 5

The octane number of a gasoline is a measure of

A) the mass of octane in a 100 gram sample of gasoline.
B) its resistance to knock (i.e. ,premature ignition).
C) the mass of a gasoline sample divided by the molar mass of octane.
D) the vapor pressure of gasoline at 298 K.
E) the percentage of octane in a sample of gasoline.

Question 6

What is the name of the following compound?

A) trans-acetylene
B) cis-1,3-pentadiene
C) trans-2,4-pentadiene
D) cis-4-methyl-1,3-butadiene
E) cis-4-methyl-1,3-butene

Question 7

What type of intermolecular forces or bonds dominate in alkanes?

A) Dispersion forces
B) Dipole forces
C) Hydrogen bonds
D) Covalent bonds
E) Ionic bonds

Question 8

Which of the following alkanes will have the lowest boiling point?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E) All the above alkanes have the same boiling point.

Question 9

Which of the following (non-cyclic)molecules is an alkyne?

A) CH₄
B) C₂H₂
C) C₂H₆
D) C₃H₆
E) C₆H₁₄

Question 10

What is the name of the following compound?

A) 3,4-diethyl-5-methylheptane
B) 3,4,5-heptane
C) 3-ethyl-5-(2-butyl)hexane
D) 3-(2-butyl)-3-ethylhexane
E) 3,5,6-trimethylheptane

Question 11

What is the hybridization of the carbon atoms in an alkane?

A) σ
B) π
C) sp
D) sp²
E) sp³

Question 12

What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?

A) 3-methyl-1-butyne
B) 3-methyl-1-butene
C) 2-methyl-3-butene
D) 2-methyl-4-butene
E) 3,3-dimethyl-1-propene

Question 13

Gasoline is

A) 90% isooctane and 10% antiknocking compounds.
B) primarily composed of methyl-t-butyl ether (MTBE).
C) primarily composed of isooctane.
D) a mixture of hydrocarbons in the C₅ to C₁₂ range.
E) more volatile than propane,but less volatile than butane.

Question 14

How many structural isomers exist for C₅H₁₂?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
E) 6

Question 15

What is the name of the following compound?

A) pentanol
B) cyclopentane
C) cyclohexane
D) cyclopentene
E) 1,5-pentane

Question 16

Which of the following alkanes will have the highest boiling point?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E) Molecules a,b,and c have equally high boiling points.

Question 17

What process is used to separate petroleum into various products,such as gasoline,kerosene,and fuel oil?

A) Mass spectroscopy
B) Filtration
C) Gas chromatography
D) Column chromatography
E) Fractional distillation

Question 18

What is the hybridization of each carbon atom in acetylene,C₂H₂?

A) sp
B) sp²
C) sp³
D) sp³d
E) 2σ and 2π

Question 19

What is the general formula for an alkane?

A) C_nH_2n+2
B) C_nH_2n
C) C_nHn_-2
D) Cn₊₂H_n
E) C_nH_2n-2

Question 20

All of the following statements concerning ethene are true EXCEPT

A) ethene is the most produced organic compound in the United States.
B) ethene is the starting material for polyethylene.
C) small quantities of ethene are used to ripen fruit.
D) ethene is a chiral molecule.
E) ethene has the molecular formula C₂H₄.

Question 21

What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?

A) 4-methyl-2-pentyne
B) 4-methyl-2,3-pentyne
C) 4-methyl-2,3-dipentyne
D) 2-methyl-3-pentyne
E) 2-methyl-3,4-pentyne

Question 22

Formulas for derivatives of hydrocarbons may be written as R−X,where R is a hydrocarbon lacking a hydrogen atom and X is a functional group.Which of the following formulas represents a ketone?

A) ROH
B) ROR'
C) RCOR'
D) RCO₂R'
E) RCHO

Question 23

How many different structures (including structural and geometric isomers)exist for C₂H₂Cl₂?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
E) 6

Question 24

What is the hybridization of each carbon atom in benzene,C₆H₆?

A) 2σ
B) 2π
C) sp
D) sp²
E) sp³

Question 25

Classify the following molecule according to its functional group.

A) alcohol
B) aldehyde
C) alkane
D) carboxylic acid
E) ester

Question 26

Formulas for derivatives of hydrocarbons may be written as R−X,where R is a hydrocarbon lacking a hydrogen atom and X is a functional group.Which of the following formulas represents an ester?

A) ROH
B) ROR'
C) RCOR'
D) RCO₂R'
E) RCHO

Question 27

Classify the following molecule according to its functional group.

A) alcohol
B) aldehyde
C) carboxylic acid
D) ester
E) ether

Question 28

Which compounds often have strong,pleasant odors?

A) alcohols
B) aldehydes
C) amines
D) esters
E) ethers

Question 29

How many isomers exist for the following benzene derivative,C₆H₄ClBr?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
E) none

Question 30

How many different (non-cyclic)structural isomers exist for C₆H₁₂?

A) 4
B) 8
C) 10
D) 12
E) 13

Question 31

Classify the following molecule according to its functional group.

A) alcohol
B) aldehyde
C) carboxylic acid
D) ether
E) ketone

Question 32

Which functional group does not contain a double bond to an oxygen atom?

A) ester
B) aldehyde
C) ether
D) amide
E) ketone

Question 33

What is the name of the following benzene derivative?

A) dibenzene
B) 1,2-dibenzene
C) toluene
D) naphthalene
E) aniline

Question 34

Classify the following molecule according to its functional group.

A) alcohol
B) carboxylic acid
C) ketone
D) ester
E) ether

Question 35

How many ketones have the chemical formula C₅H₁₀O?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
E) 6

Question 36

Which of the structures below has the common name o-dichlorobenzene (where o- is ortho)?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 37

What is the name of the following benzene derivative?

A) 1-chlorobenzoic acid
B) 5-chloroanaline
C) 1-acetate-1-chlorobenzene
D) 5-chlorobenzoic acid
E) 1,3-chlorocarboxylic benzene

Question 38

How many ethers have the chemical formula C₅H₁₂O?

A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6
E) 7

Question 39

How many alcohols have the chemical formula C₄H₁₀O?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 40

Which one of the following hydrocarbons is aromatic?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 41

Which of the following is an elimination reaction?

A) C₂H₂(g)+ H₂(g)→ C₂H₄(g)
B) CH₃CH₂CH₂OH(l)→ CH₃CHCH₂(g)+ H₂O(l)
C) C₃H₆(g)+ HCl(g)→ C₃H₇Cl(l)
D) CH₃OH(aq)+ HCOOH(aq)→ C₂H₅−O−CHO(l)+ H₂O(l)
E) 2C₂H₂(g)+ 5O₂(g)→ 4CO₂(g)+ 2H₂O(g)

Question 42

Which of the following is a substitution reaction?

A) C₂H₂(g)+ H₂(g)→ C₂H₄(g)
B) C₆H₆(l)+ HNO₃(l)→ C₆H₅NO₂(l)+ H₂O(l)
C) CH₃CH₂CH₂OH(l)→ CH₃CHCH₂(g)+ H₂O(l)
D) CH₃OH(aq)+ HCOOH(aq)→ C₂H₅−O−CHO(l)+ H₂O(l)
E) 2C₂H₂(g)+ 5O₂(g)→ 4CO₂(g)+ 2H₂O(g)

Question 43

Which of the following molecules has at least one chiral center?

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1 and 3
E) 2 and 3

Question 44

For which one of the following molecules do geometric isomers exist?

A) H₂ClC−CHCl₂
B) BrHC=CHBr
C)
D) H₃C−CH₂Cl
E) H₂C=CCl₂

Question 45

Alkenes undergo addition reactions with halogens.What is the product of the reaction of propylene,C₃H₆,with Br₂?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 46

Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of ethene with oxygen.

A) CH₄(g)+ 2O₂(g)→ CO₂(g)+ 2H₂O(g)
B) 2C₂H₆(g)+ 7O₂(g)→ 4CO₂(g)+ 6H₂O(g)
C) 2C₂H₂(g)+ 5O₂(g)→ 4CO₂(g)+ 2H₂O(g)
D) C₂H₄(g)+ 3O₂(g)→ 2CO₂(g)+ 2H₂O(g)
E) C₂H₄(g)+ 2O₂(g)→ 2CO₂(g)+ 2H₂(g)

Question 47

Optical isomerism occurs when

A) a molecule's mirror image is superimposable.
B) both cis and trans isomers exist in equal concentrations for a particular molecule.
C) two or more structural isomers of a molecule exist.
D) at least one carbon atom in a molecule is bonded to four different atoms or groups.
E) both enantiomers are present in a racemic mixture.

Question 48

What is the product of the addition of HCl to ethylene?

A) chloroethane
B) chloroethylene
C) 1,2-dichloroethane
D) 1,1-dichloroethane
E) 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethylene

Question 49

Which one of the following statements concerning isomers is INCORRECT?

A) Pairs of nonsuperimposable molecules are called enantiomers.
B) Enantiomers have identical melting and boiling points.
C) Molecules with two or more geometric isomers are termed chiral pairs.
D) Optical isomers rotate polarized light in opposite directions.
E) Structural isomers have the same composition,but the atoms are linked in different ways.

Question 50

Which of the following molecules have chiral centers?

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1 and 2
E) 1 and 3

Question 51

The cholesterol molecule is found in two types of complexes: low-density lipoproteins (LDL)and high-density lipoproteins (HDL).Which of these is considered "bad"?

A) (LDL)
B) (HDL)
C) both (HDL)and (LDL),because they produce trans fat.
D) Neither,only omega-3 fatty acids are bad
E) both (HDL)and (LDL),because they form saturated fat.