Deck 11: International Ocean Transportation

Question 1

Net [registered] tonnage is gross registered tonnage minus volume occupied by the engine room,the crew,and other space necessary for the good operation of the ship.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

All cargo in trades supported by the Ex-Im Bank must be shipped through European-flagged ships.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

In intermodal shipping,while the liability limits depend on the nationality of the carrier,the limits are the same for domestic transport in the exporting country,international transport by ocean,and domestic transport in the importing country.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

According to the Jones Act,United States' cabotage prohibits the use of U.S.-flagged ships.

Question 5

Deadweight tonnage does not include the bunker.

Question 6

The American Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bills of Lading is known as the Hague Rules.

Question 7

Most tramp ships are designed for one type of cargo exclusively.

Question 8

What used to be exclusively bulk cargo,like forestry products and grain,is now being shipped in containers.

Question 9

The choice of flag has no effect on the safety and reliability of a ship and its crew.

Question 10

Displacement tonnage is the weight of the ship,when empty,measured by the weight of the volume of water it displaces.

Question 11

LASH ships were initially designed to carry automobiles.

Question 12

The largest ships in the world are crude carriers.

Question 13

LASH ships cannot function well in ports that have little lifting equipment.

Question 14

At least 200,000 people are employed in dismantling old ships on the beaches of Pakistan,Bangladesh,and India.

Question 15

The greatest number of ships are container ships.

Question 16

RORO ships have the advantage of not needing specialized lifting equipment.

Question 17

A PCC is a pure car-carrier ship.

Question 18

A ship will sit lower in saltwater than it would in fresh water with the same quantity of cargo.

Question 19

An oil tanker of more than 300,000 deadweight tonnage is called a very large crude carrier.

Question 20

Containerization is increasing in international shipping.

Question 21

Gross registered tonnage is

A) the total volume capacity of the ship.
B) expressed in hundreds of cubic feet.
C) normally not appropriate for determining the cargo-carrying capacity of a ship.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 22

Ships designed to carry one single type of refined petroleum product are sometimes called

A) LASH ships.
B) post-production ships.
C) conference ships.
D) drugstore ships
E) None of the above

Question 23

Standardized units of cargo on a LASH ship have a capacity of

A) 385 metric tons of deadweight tonnage.
B) 385 long tons.
C) 500 metric tons of deadweight tonnage.
D) 500 long tons.
E) None of the above

Question 24

Capacity of a ship used to determine taxation of the ship by its country of registry or by port or canal authorities is called

A) displacement tonnage.
B) deadweight tonnage.
C) light tonnage.
D) gross registered tonnage.
E) None of the above

Question 25

Ships dedicated to the transport of petroleum products are called

A) LASH barges.
B) dry-bulk carriers.
C) Hague carriers.
D) crude carriers.
E) None of the above

Question 26

Which of the following international liability conventions allow carriers to argue that their liability is limited by "17 defenses," such as navigational errors?

A) the Hamburg Rules
B) the Rotterdam Rules
C) the Hague-Visby Rules
D) the Felixstowe Rules
E) None of the above

Question 27

In containerized shipping,the term TEU stands for

A) Trans-European Units.
B) Terminal Event Utilization.
C) Trip Extension Unit.
D) Two-Ended Undercarriage
E) None of the above

Question 28

Deadweight tonnage

A) is the maximum weight of the cargo that a vessel can carry.
B) is equivalent to 2,204.6 pounds.
C) does not include the bunker.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 29

The deck below the main deck,which can accommodate smaller break-bulk cargo,is called the

A) scrub deck.
B) secondary deck.
C) RORO deck.
D) aft deck.
E) None of the above

Question 30

Ships too large to pass through the Panama Canal are called

A) tramps.
B) Panamax ships.
C) post-Panamax ships.
D) capesize ships.
E) None of the above

Question 31

Countries with an open registry often provide

A) secondary registries.
B) flags of convenience.
C) more strict regulation of ships.
D) an opportunity for ship owners from developing countries to register their ships in the United States.
E) None of the above

Question 32

The increasing size in containerships may eventually result in

A) more products being shipped by break-bulk ships.
B) more ports being able to handle these ships.
C) the development of a "hub" system.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 33

The type of ship that coal is usually carried in is a

A) cabotage.
B) conference flag.
C) dry-bulk carrier.
D) RORO
E) None of the above

Question 34

Post-Panamax ships have capacities that can reach

A) 120,000 TEUs
B) 12,000 TEUs
C) 1,200,000 TEUs
D) 1,200 TEUs
E) None of the above

Question 35

Break-bulk ships

A) are expected to increase in number.
B) have low labor costs.
C) can call at just about any port to pick up different kinds of cargo loads.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 36

LNG and LPG ships

A) are obsolete.
B) cannot compete with container ships.
C) often operate on long-term contracts.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 37

A characteristic of break-bulk ships is that they are

A) increasing in usage.
B) labor-intensive.
C) able to be loaded and unloaded by one type of equipment.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 38

NVOCCs are

A) not regulated by the Federal Maritime Commission.
B) prohibited in North America.
C) rarely involved in LCL freight.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 39

The total capacity of the ship expressed in long tons is called

A) ship size.
B) full tonnage.
C) deadweight tonnage.
D) weight tonnage.
E) ship capacity.

Question 40

Refrigerated ships are slowly being replaced by

A) refrigerated containers.
B) dry-bulk carriers.
C) tramp ships.
D) LASH barges.
E) None of the above

Question 41

Dry-bulk carriers designed to serve ports of the Great Lakes are called ____________________.

Question 42

The deepest draft a ship can sit is called the ____________________ line.

Question 43

____________________ ships do not operate on a regular schedule but travel wherever the company using the vessel wants the cargo delivered.

Question 44

A ship of the maximum size that can possibly fit through the locks of the Panama Canal is called a ____________________ ship.

Question 45

____________________ ships are designed to carry all sorts of different loads in a single voyage.

Question 46

____________________ ships travel on a regular voyage,following a pre-established schedule,and with determined ports of call.

Question 47

The ____________________ tonnage is the total weight of the ship when fully loaded,measured by the weight of the volume of water it displaces.

Question 48

The non-vessel-operating common carrier system was the basis for the model followed by ____________________ in the air passenger business.

Question 49

A long ton is ____________________ pounds.

Question 50

The Ocean Shipping Reform Act allows private,confidential ____________________ between shippers and shipping lines,where traditional liability constraints are replaced by negotiated ones.