Question 1

What documentation was required for hospital admission to the Maryland Hospital for the Insane?&#10;A) No documentation&#10;B) Certificate of Insanity&#10;C) Order of the patient's physician&#10;D) Written request of the patient's family&#10;

Accepted Answer

2. Upon a patient's admission, the admitting nurse had to collect from the patient the certificate of insanity issued by the Court of Competent Jurisdiction or two physicians. Patients could not be admitted without documentation. The order of an individual physician or a family request was not sufficient for admission.

Question 2

In the 19th century, what factors did practitioners who accepted the theory that mental illness was an excess or deficit in excitability see as contributing to mental illness? Select all that apply.&#10;A) Education&#10;B) Urban life&#10;C) Intemperance&#10;D) Cerebral hyperemia&#10;E) Demonic possession&#10;

Accepted Answer

1. Following the excitability theory of William Cullen, some thought education to be a major contributing factor in the emergence of insanity. The pace of urban life also contributed to excitability. Intemperance was not related to excitability excesses or deficits. Demonic possession was considered a cause of insanity in earlier eras and, by the 19th century had been replaced by other causative theories. Cerebral hyperemia as a contributing factor was promulgated by 18th century French physicians.
2. Following the excitability theory of William Cullen, some thought education to be a major contributing factor in the emergence of insanity. The pace of urban life also contributed to excitability. Intemperance was not related to excitability excesses or deficits. Demonic possession was considered a cause of insanity in earlier eras and, by the 19th century had been replaced by other causative theories. Cerebral hyperemia as a contributing factor was promulgated by 18th century French physicians.

Question 3

What was a common response during the eras when patients with mental illness were believed to be victims of demonic possession?&#10;A) Punishment by stoning&#10;B) Shackling in chains&#10;C) Burning at the stake&#10;D) Treatment with exorcism&#10;

Accepted Answer

2. Patients with mental illness were often placed in chains as restraints. Stoning was frequently used as a punishment for adultery. Burning at the stake was a punishment for heresy and witchcraft. The Catholic Church distinguishes behavior that indicates the need for exorcism from behavior indicating mental illness.

Question 4

Which religious group of women instituted asylum-based treatment in the United States in order to provide peaceful surroundings for those with mental illness?&#10;A) Quakers&#10;B) Sisters of Charity&#10;C) Daughters of Charity&#10;D) Little Sisters of the Sick Poor&#10;

Accepted Answer

2. The Mount Hope Retreat, where people could live in secluded, peaceful natural surroundings, was created and administered by the American Sisters of Charity nurses. The Quakers are not a group of religious women. The Daughters of Charity pioneered asylum-based psychiatric nursing at French hospitals. The Little Sisters of the Sick Poor did not focus on treating the insane.

Question 5

What term was acceptable in the 19th century when talking about mental illness that a nurse would not find acceptable today?&#10;A) The same terminology is still in use today.&#10;B) The term &#34;mentally ill&#34; was used regularly.&#10;C) The term &#34;mentally disabled&#34; was frequently used in the 19th century.&#10;D) In the 19th century, using the term &#34;insane&#34; was considered acceptable.&#10;

Accepted Answer

4. The term "insane" was considered acceptable to identify people with a variety of disabilities including learning and developmental disabilities, as well as mental health problems. The terms "mentally ill" and "mentally disabled" were not regularly used until the 20th century.

Question 6

What specific condition was considered an indication for bloodletting when patients were diagnosed with mental illness?&#10;A) Melancholy&#10;B) Excess excitability&#10;C) Cerebral dysfunction&#10;D) Hereditary weakness&#10;

Accepted Answer

2. The treatment for melancholy often included stimulants. Excess excitability was often treated with bloodletting or emetics. Symptoms that were attributed to cerebral dysfunction or hereditary predisposition were not usually treated with bloodletting.

Question 7

Which nursing diagnosis does the nurse recognize as the most consistent with the focus of psychiatric nursing care during the 19th century?&#10;A) Anxiety&#10;B) Self-care deficit&#10;C) Altered thought processes&#10;D) Ineffective individual coping&#10;

Accepted Answer

2. During the 19th century, psychiatric nurses attended mainly to the physical needs of patients and did not pursue systematic interpersonal work with them. Psychiatric nursing practice was primarily custodial. Nursing care that systematically addresses anxiety, coping, and altered-thought processes did not come about until the mid-20th century.

Question 8

In a research paper on moral therapy, a nurse wants to examine how the diagnoses in this method of treating mental illness differ from current diagnoses. What are some of the diagnoses she should consider related to the use of moral therapy? Select all that apply.

A) Ill health
B) Binge eating
C) Pecuniary losses
D) Family affliction
E) Jealousy and pride

Accepted Answer

1. William Stokes, a physician who consulted on moral therapy and wrote extensively on its practice, considered major diagnoses to include jealousy and pride, family affliction, pecuniary losses, and ill health. Binge-eating disorder is a diagnosis in the DSM-5.
3. William Stokes, a physician who consulted on moral therapy and wrote extensively on its practice, considered major diagnoses to include jealousy and pride, family affliction, pecuniary losses, and ill health. Binge-eating disorder is a diagnosis in the DSM-5.
4. William Stokes, a physician who consulted on moral therapy and wrote extensively on its practice, considered major diagnoses to include jealousy and pride, family affliction, pecuniary losses, and ill health. Binge-eating disorder is a diagnosis in the DSM-5.
5. William Stokes, a physician who consulted on moral therapy and wrote extensively on its practice, considered major diagnoses to include jealousy and pride, family affliction, pecuniary losses, and ill health. Binge-eating disorder is a diagnosis in the DSM-5.

Question 9

A nurse was asked to identify the most preferred location for addressing mental illness during the 19th century. What is the nurse's best response?&#10;A) Home&#10;B) Asylums&#10;C) Hospitals&#10;D) Sanitariums&#10;

Accepted Answer

2. During the 17th and 18th century, asylums were an attempt to provide humane treatment for the mentally ill, but by the 19th century they were intended more for restraint. Asylums were the preferred means of housing those with mental illness in the 19th century. Prior to the 19th century, the mentally ill were frequently housed in hospitals that treated all illnesses. The mentally ill, particularly those who were violent, were frequently institutionalized and removed from the home. Sanitariums were usually restricted to the wealthy.

Question 10

Which dimension would the nurse most likely focus on if assessing the patient from primarily a 19th century perspective?&#10;A) Spiritual&#10;B) Physical&#10;C) Social&#10;D) Emotional&#10;

Accepted Answer

2. Until the early to mid-20th century, psychiatric nurses attended primarily to the physical needs of the clients and did not pursue interpersonal work with them. Psychiatric nursing care during this period emphasized a physical environment. More holistic care (including emotional-social-spiritual dimensions) is a product of more recent history.

Question 11

A nurse is considering how the Sisters of Charity at Mt. Hope provided treatment for patients with mental illness. What elements of treatment at this facility does she see reflected in modern perspectives and practice? Select all that apply.

A) Conversation with the patient
B) Respectful and kind treatment
C) Provision of recreational activities
D) Control of treatment by the nursing staff
E) Removal from family and former associates

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse is considering how the Sisters...

Question 12

Which action by the psychiatric-mental health nurse best indicates use of Hildegard Peplau's nursing theory when caring for a patient with mental illness?&#10;A) Establishing a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship&#10;B) Assessing patient interactions with the environment&#10;C) Intervening to enhance the patient's abilities to perform self-care&#10;D) Evaluating the effectiveness of the patient's coping and adaptation skills&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which action by the psychiatric-mental health nurse...

Question 13

A nurse is preparing a paper for a conference on mental illness nursing throughout history. How does she present the concept of a curative point as a shift in the treatment of the mentally ill?&#10;A) It envisioned the possibility of recovery in mental illness.&#10;B) It incorporated herbal remedies in the treatment of mental illness.&#10;C) It was the first treatment to provide specific treatment interventions.&#10;D) It was the first treatment focused on the humane treatment of individuals with mental illness.&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse is preparing a paper for...

Question 14

What quality, emphasized by Vincent dePaul in the 17th century, would a psychiatric nurse find important in her practice today?&#10;A) Spirituality&#10;B) Humility&#10;C) Practicality&#10;D) Obedience&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of What quality, emphasized by Vincent dePaul in...

Question 15

Several nurses are discussing the medicalization of mental health treatment. Which historical figure do they identify as claiming that the physician should be the ultimate authority over moral as well as medical therapy, and that no one should be exempt from the physician's decision?

A) Tuke
B) Stokes
C) de Paul
D) Esquirol

Accepted Answer

The answer of Several nurses are discussing the medicalization of...

Question 16

What essential treatment elements of moral therapy could be considered as components of some current treatments? Select all that apply.&#10;A) Kindness&#10;B) Medication&#10;C) Nutrition&#10;D) Bloodletting&#10;E) Meaningful activity&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of What essential treatment elements of moral therapy...

Question 17

What practice, implemented by the Sisters of Charity at Mount Hope, served as a resource providing historical information about the treatment provided there?&#10;A) Daily notes&#10;B) Patient charts&#10;C) Treatment plans&#10;D) Log of patient outcomes&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of What practice, implemented by the Sisters of...

Question 18

Several nurses were discussing methods of restraint used in the 19th century. What are some of the methods the nurses might have noted? Select all that apply.&#10;A) Mitts&#10;B) Seclusion&#10;C) Strapping&#10;D) Hydrotherapy&#10;E) Straightjacket&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Several nurses were discussing methods of restraint...

Question 19

What would the nurse recognize as the impact that Florence Nightingale has had on the role of the nurse in psychiatric-mental health nursing?&#10;A) Nightingale emphasized the cultural environment for healing.&#10;B) Nightingale developed the idea of the therapeutic relationship.&#10;C) Nightingale focused her ideas on nursing education rather than direct patient care.&#10;D) Nightingale was among the first to note the influence of nurses has psychological components.&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of What would the nurse recognize as the...

Question 20

Several nurses are discussing the effect of the medicalization of care on nursing patients with mental illness. What statement indicates that the nurses understand this historical trend?&#10;A) &#34;Medicalization tended to pull care away from its holistic tradition.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Medicalization provided an essential basis for nursing education.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Medicalization reflected a diminished interest in psychopathology.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Medicalization provided a good understanding of the mind-body connection.&#34;&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Several nurses are discussing the effect of...

Question 21

A nurse who is considering theories that guide the practice of psychiatric nursing wants to base her interactions with patients on the theory of interpersonal relations. Whose works might she consult in order to learn more?

A) Hilda Peplau
B) Karl Menninger
C) William Stokes
D) Florence Nightingale

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse who is considering theories that...

Question 22

Which nursing model was developed by Catherine McCauley in 19th century Ireland?&#10;A) Careful nursing&#10;B) Tidal model of care&#10;C) Healing environment&#10;D) Curative point nursing&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which nursing model was developed by Catherine...

Question 23

What does a nurse realize is the most important thing in order to become an effective psychiatric nurse?&#10;A) Develop good diagnostic skills.&#10;B) Understand how to use medications effectively.&#10;C) Understand the history of mental health treatment.&#10;D) Learn how to guide a patient through their illness towards recovery.&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does a nurse realize is the...

Question 24

Which nursing action is priority if the nurse is using the nursing theory that has shaped psychiatric-mental health most directly?&#10;A) Teaching effective coping skills&#10;B) Assessing the patient's abilities in areas of self-care&#10;C) Establishing a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship&#10;D) Encouraging the patient's sensitivity and caring for self&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which nursing action is priority if the...

Question 25

What important development in nursing is attributed to Effie Taylor?&#10;A) Reforming the asylum system&#10;B) Introducing the use of activity therapy&#10;C) Pioneering the development of nursing training&#10;D) Incorporating a reintegration of the mind and body in nursing training&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of What important development in nursing is attributed...

Question 26

Nursing theory provides guidance for a nurse who is expected to perform what activity? Select all that apply.&#10;A) Generate goals&#10;B) Plan interventions&#10;C) Organize assessment data&#10;D) Generate nursing actions&#10;E) Diagnose patient conditions&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nursing theory provides guidance for a nurse...

Question 27

What was the treatment model used by Matilda Coskery?&#10;A) Moral therapy&#10;B) Biomedical treatment&#10;C) Interpersonal therapy&#10;D) Brief solution-focused therapy&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of What was the treatment model used by...

Question 28

Based on the work of Florence Nightingale, what distinguishes nurses from nursing attendants?&#10;A) Kindness&#10;B) Training and education&#10;C) Ability to use herbal remedies&#10;D) Belief in the bio-medical model&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Based on the work of Florence Nightingale,...

Deck 2: Past, Present, Future