Deck 12: Nutrition for Normal Growth and Development

Question 1

The phase of life in which the least growth and development occur is:

A) infancy.
B) childhood.
C) adolescence.
D) adulthood.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Ideally premature infants should be fed breast milk fortified with extra:

A) essential fatty acids and amino acids.
B) protein, vitamins, and minerals.
C) B vitamins, iron, and zinc.
D) lactose, calcium, and vitamin

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Infants usually triple their birth weight by age:

A) 12 months.
B) 18 months.
C) 24 months.
D) 36 months.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Compared with breast-fed infants, bottle-fed infants are more likely to:

A) exhibit independent behaviors.
B) develop vitamin D deficiency.
C) become overweight as children.
D) accept a variety of tastes.

Question 5

After birth, an infant's fetal store of iron is diminished within:

A) 4 to 6 months.
B) 6 to 9 months.
C) 9 to 12 months.
D) 12 to 18 months.

Question 6

A measurement that is used as a valuable indicator of infant growth is:

A) basal metabolic rate.
B) chest circumference.
C) triceps skinfold thickness.
D) head circumference.

Question 7

The percentage of an infant's body weight that is composed of water is:

A) 20% to 25%.
B) 30% to 40%.
C) 50% to 60%.
D) 70% to 75%.

Question 8

In addition to bone and tooth development, an important function served by calcium in growing children is:

A) hemoglobin formation.
B) blood clotting.
C) adipose tissue growth.
D) regulation of digestion.

Question 9

Emotional growth is measured by the child's ability to:

A) display temper.
B) withhold emotions.
C) give love and affection.
D) relate to others.

Question 10

The key developmental task for infants is establishment of:

A) industry.
B) trust.
C) autonomy.
D) identity.

Question 11

Social and cultural growth is measured by the child's ability to:

A) get along with others.
B) contribute to the family.
C) eat at the table with others.
D) handle frustration.

Question 12

Growth is usually slow and erratic during:

A) infancy.
B) childhood.
C) adolescence.
D) adulthood.

Question 13

Development is defined as:

A) cell multiplication and cell enlargement.
B) the process by which tissues and organs take on more complex function.
C) the physiologic rather than chronologic age.
D) a stage of physical, mental, emotional, and social maturity.

Question 14

The nutrient that provides building material for tissue growth is:

A) carbohydrates.
B) protein.
C) fats.
D) vitamins.

Question 15

An infant will usually double his or her birth weight in:

A) 1 month.
B) 3 months.
C) 6 months.
D) 12 months.

Question 16

A large amount of an infant's total body water lies:

A) outside the cells.
B) within the cells.
C) between the cells.
D) within the cell membrane.

Question 17

The greatest proportion of kcalories in growing children is expended toward:

A) tissue growth.
B) physical activities.
C) thermic effect of food.
D) basal metabolic needs.

Question 18

By his or her first birthday, an infant who weighed 3 kg at birth would be expected to weigh about:

A) 5 kg.
B) 6 kg.
C) 9 kg.
D) 12 kg.

Question 19

A good way to monitor a child's physical growth is by:

A) checking height and weight periodically.
B) asking parents about progress.
C) taking periodic x-rays.
D) determining speech patterns.

Question 20

The percentage of a 5-year-old child's daily kcalorie intake that is used for tissue growth is about:

A) 5%.
B) 12%.
C) 25%.
D) 50%.

Question 21

An important principle guiding the infant feeding process is that:

A) specific foods are required at certain growth periods.
B) family foods can be safely introduced at about 6 months.
C) solid foods should not be given until the infant can self-feed.
D) food supplies physical, developmental, and cultural needs.

Question 22

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that mothers feed their infants mostly breast milk or formula up to age:

A) 4 months.
B) 6 months.
C) 1 year.
D) 18 months.

Question 23

Unmodified cow's milk is unsuitable for young infants because it:

A) is too low in calcium.
B) contains insufficient protein.
C) contains too much fat.
D) may cause gastrointestinal bleeding.

Question 24

A full-term infant is unable to digest and absorb:

A) proteins.
B) simple carbohydrates.
C) starches.
D) saturated fat.

Question 25

Preschool children often prefer foods that are:

A) cold.
B) lukewarm.
C) dry.
D) liquid.

Question 26

The effect of the hormone prolactin is to:

A) stimulate breast development.
B) balance supply and demand of breast milk.
C) stimulate breast milk production.
D) stimulate ejection of milk from the alveoli.

Question 27

The schedule for breastfeeding newborn infants should be:

A) every 2 to 3 hours.
B) on demand.
C) dependent on the mother's schedule.
D) less often at night than during the daytime.

Question 28

Toddlers whose diet consists primarily of milk may develop:

A) anemia.
B) rickets.
C) hypervitaminosis
D) hypercalcemia.

Question 29

Peer modeling begins to influence food choices during:

A) the preschool years.
B) the school years.
C) adolescence.
D) adulthood.

Question 30

Muscle and other body tissues of toddlers continue to develop rapidly, so they continue to have high requirements for:

A) carbohydrates.
B) fat.
C) protein.
D) fiber.

Question 31

The traditional transition food for an infant going from a milk-only diet to solid food is:

A) diluted fruit juices.
B) fortified infant cereals.
C) strained fruits.
D) strained vegetables.

Question 32

The approximate age at which solid foods should be added to the infant's diet is:

A) 2 to 3 months.
B) 4 to 6 months.
C) 6 to 7 months.
D) 12 months.

Question 33

The hormone responsible for stimulating the ejection of breast milk (let-down reflex) is:

A) oxytocin.
B) progesterone.
C) estrogen.
D) prolactin.

Question 34

At birth, full-term infants do not produce:

A) lipase.
B) amylase.
C) sucrase.
D) lactase.

Question 35

Reduced-fat cow's milk should be avoided for infants and young children because it does not contain enough:

A) calories and linoleic acid.
B) protein.
C) calcium and phosphorus.
D) vitamins.

Question 36

A major reason that toddlers usually eat less than they did as infants is because they are:

A) using baby fat stores.
B) less active.
C) losing interest in food.
D) growing more slowly.

Question 37

The long-chain fatty acids arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are present in breast milk and are added to some commercial formulas because they are important in the development of:

A) the immune system.
B) gastrointestinal flora.
C) visual acuity.
D) motor skills.

Question 38

A food group that preschool children usually dislike is:

A) vegetables.
B) fruits.
C) meat.
D) milk.

Question 39

The first milk secreted by a new mother is called:

A) chyme.
B) chyle.
C) colostrum.
D) prolactin.

Question 40

When a mother is bottle-feeding an infant, the infant should be:

A) placed on a pillow on the mother's lap.
B) lying in a cradle or crib with the bottle propped.
C) cradled in the mother's arm with the head upright.
D) sitting in an infant seat.

Question 41

Constant dieting among teenage girls in the United States is primarily the result of:

A) parental constraints.
B) peer pressure.
C) poor appetite.
D) fear of pregnancy.

Question 42

The rate of growth during the school-age years is best described as:

A) rapid.
B) very rapid.
C) slowed.
D) stopped.

Question 43

The final growth spurt usually occurs:

A) during the school-age period.
B) during adolescence.
C) at the end of adolescence.
D) in young adulthood.

Question 44

A factor that accounts for wide fluctuations in the metabolic rates of adolescents of the same age is:

A) differences in physiologic age.
B) differences in psychologic development.
C) cultural differences.
D) gender.

Question 45

A meal that is particularly important to a school-age child is:

A) breakfast.
B) lunch.
C) dinner.
D) bedtime snacks.