Deck 8: Capacity and Facilities Design

Question 1

Fixed-position layouts are used for projects when the product cannot be moved.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

A process layout arranges activities sequentially.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The basic objective of the facility layout decision is to ensure a smooth flow of inventory through the system.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Product layouts are sometimes referred to as functional layouts.

Question 5

Product layouts have a higher degree of flexibility than process layouts.

Question 6

Minimizing material handling cost is an important objective for a process layout.

Question 7

General as opposed to specific purpose equipment is typically found in a process layout.

Question 8

The best operating level is the percent of capital cushion that minimizes unit cost.

Question 9

Increasing capacity utilization beyond the best operating level results in diseconomies of scale.

Question 10

A process layout groups similar activities together according to the functions they perform.

Question 11

Equipment utilization is typically very high in processes with a fixed-position layout.

Question 12

Shipbuilding is an example of production system requiring a process layout.

Question 13

The capacity cushion for a facility equals one minus utilization.

Question 14

Capacity can be increased in one large step or incrementally.

Question 15

Facility layout refers to the arrangement of machines,processes,departments,and other areas within a facility.

Question 16

For a given facility the best operating level equals the percent of capacity use that minimizes average unit cost.

Question 17

The major advantage of a process layout over a product layout is efficiency.

Question 18

The major layout concern for a process layout is where to locate departments or functional areas relative to each other.

Question 19

Material storage and movement are directly affected by facility layout decisions.

Question 20

An important advantage of a process layout over a product layout is efficiency.

Question 21

Precedence requirements reflect physical restrictions on the order in which operations are performed in a product layout.

Question 22

With a product layout the purpose of line balancing is to equalize the amount of work at each workstation.

Question 23

The majority of service facilities utilize process layouts.

Question 24

Cellular layouts reduce transit time and increase set-up.

Question 25

The efficiency of a flexible manufacturing system (FMS)comes from reductions in setup and waiting times.

Question 26

Line balancing strives to minimize bottlenecks in a process layout.

Question 27

The line-balancing procedure uses heuristics to specify which work elements are allocated to each workstation.

Question 28

Line balancing is a procedure that requires cycle time to be the same as flow time.

Question 29

A schematic diagram using weighted lines to denote location preference is called a relationship diagram.

Question 30

Most service facilities utilize fixed-position layouts.

Question 31

Line balancing is constrained by precedence requirements and cycle time restrictions.

Question 32

A flexible manufacturing system (FMS)combines flexibility with higher efficiency.

Question 33

A relationship diagram provides a standard format for displaying manager preferences for department locations.

Question 34

The balance delay is calculated by subtracting efficiency in percent from one hundred.

Question 35

The cycle time refers to the maximum amount of time a product is allowed to spend at each workstation.

Question 36

Block diagramming is a design tool for process layouts that takes into account the number of adjacent and non-adjacent moves.

Question 37

The maximum amount of time a product spends at any workstation is known as the bottleneck time.

Question 38

The time to complete a task in a mixed-model assembly line can vary from model to model.

Question 39

A mixed-model assembly line processes each model in large batch sizes.

Question 40

Cellular layouts combine the flexibility of process layouts with the efficiency of product layouts.

Question 41

A type of service layout designed to encourage browsing and increase impulse purchasing is known as a

A)free-flow layout.
B)grid layout.
C)loop layout.
D)spine layout.

Question 42

A ___ layout encourages customer familiarity,has low costs,and is easy to clean.

A)free-flow layout
B)grid layout
C)spine layout
D)loop layout

Question 43

Which one of the following is not an example of a basic facility layout?

A)fixed-position
B)mixed-model
C)product
D)process

Question 44

Two techniques used to design process layouts are

A)block diagramming and assembly line balancing.
B)relationship diagramming and assembling line balancing.
C)relationship diagramming and assembly line balancing.
D)block diagramming and relationship diagramming.

Question 45

With line balancing,the maximum amount of time the product is allowed to spend at each workstation is known as the

A)cycle time.
B)flow time.
C)efficiency of the line.
D)balance delay.

Question 46

A schematic diagram that uses weighted lines to denote location preference is known as a

A)block grid.
B)block diagram.
C)relationship grid.
D)relationship diagram.

Question 47

Which of the following describes a process layout?

A)Equipment is general purpose and the workers are unskilled.
B)Equipment is specialized and the workers are highly skilled.
C)Equipment is general purpose and the workers are highly skilled.
D)Equipment is specialized and the workers are unskilled.

Question 48

With a ___ layout activities are arranged in a line according to the sequence of operations.

A)product
B)process
C)fixed-position
D)cellular

Question 49

Most service organizations use

A)product layouts.
B)fixed-position layouts.
C)process layouts.
D)cellular layouts.

Question 50

Similar activities are grouped together in departments or work centres according to the function with a ___ layout.

A)process
B)fixed-position
C)hybrid
D)none of the above

Question 51

Which of the following statements is most true?

A)Product layouts are flexible; process layouts are efficient.
B)Product layouts are efficient; process layouts are flexible.
C)Product and process layouts are equally flexible; neither are efficient.
D)Product and process layout are equally efficient; neither are flexible.

Question 52

One of the best known computerized packages available for designing process layouts is CRAFT.CRAFT stands for

A)computerized relationship activity and flow technique.
B)computerized relative allocation of facilities technique.
C)computerized relative assembly and flow technology.
D)computerized relationship assembly flow time.

Question 53

A format for displaying manager preferences for departmental locations is known as a

A)relationship diagram.
B)process diagram.
C)block diagram.
D)hybrid diagram.

Question 54

Material handling equipment that can follow multiple paths,move in any direction,and carry large loads of in-process inventory is most likely to be associated with a ___ layout.

A)process
B)product
C)fixed-position
D)hybrid

Question 55

The material storage space required for in-process inventory is typically larger in

A)a cellular manufacturing layout.
B)a product layout.
C)a fixed-position layout.
D)a process layout.

Question 56

Which of the following is not an objective of effective layouts?

A)reduce material handling costs
B)increase the number of bottlenecks
C)eliminate waste and redundant activities
D)improve communication and interaction among workstations

Question 57

Which of the following is not a capacity expansion strategy?

A)capacity lead strategy
B)capacity lag strategy
C)capacity stability strategy
D)average capacity

Question 58

A ___ provides historical data on the movement of parts and materials between departments.

A)manufacturing chart
B)block diagram
C)relationship diagram
D)load summary chart

Question 59

The process of equalizing the amount of work at each workstation in a product layout is known as

A)block diagramming.
B)precedence requirements.
C)line balancing.
D)cycle time analysis.

Question 60

Single model and mixed model assembly lines are similar in layout and operation.

Question 61

Which of the following is not an "area" of disadvantage of cellular layouts?

A)cell balance
B)work-in-process inventory
C)capital investment
D)training and scheduling

Question 62

A company has a target output rate of 40 units every five (5)hours when its line is fully operational.To achieve this target the firm must have a cycle time of

A)more than 12.50 minutes.
B)more than 10.00 minutes.
C)7.5 minutes or less.
D)8 minutes or less.

Question 63

What type of layout is commonly used in services? What are some of the objectives associated with service layouts?

Question 64

An assembly line consists of three workstations (WS)with each station's activity time as shown. When fully operational this line could assemble ___ completed items every 60 minutes.

A)20
B)15
C)12
D)5

Question 65

In a product layout,the process of assigning tasks to work stations is referred to as ___ balancing.

A)station
B)product
C)line
D)work

Question 66

Which of the following is not an "area" of advantage of cellular layouts?

A)material handling
B)setup time
C)capital investment
D)control

Question 67

Briefly describe facility layout and the different objectives involved with facility layout decision.

Question 68

An assembly line consists of three workstations (WS)with each station's activity time as shown. The cycle time for this line is

A)5 minutes.
B)3 minutes.
C)4 minutes.
D)12 minutes.

Question 69

If the line currently assembles 10 units every hour when fully functional,then the line's balance delay at this rate of output is

A)66.67 %.
B)33.33%.
C)80.00%.
D)20.00%.

Question 70

A company hopes to achieve a daily output of 200 units during 6 hours of production time.Assuming there is no lost time during the 6 hours of production,the desired cycle time to achieve the targeted level of output is

A)3.0 minutes.
B)1.8 minutes.
C)1.5 minutes.
D)0.03 minutes.

Question 71

Which one of the following is not an example of a hybrid facility layout?

A)fixed-position
B)mixed-model
C)cellular
D)flexible manufacturing

Question 72

A company wants to produce 150 units during a 7-hour day.The desired cycle time needed to achieve this level of output is

A)3.5 minutes.
B)3.25 minutes.
C)3.00 minutes.
D)2.8 minutes.

Question 73

___ is a group technology technique that reorders part routing matrices to identify families of parts with similar processing requirements.

A)Process flow analysis
B)Production flow analysis
C)Cycle analysis
D)Group analysis

Question 74

Which of the following is not an advantage of cellular layouts?

A)easier to automate
B)easier to control
C)increased work-in-process inventory
D)reduced setup time

Question 75

Which one of the following factors is not important to the design and operation of a mixed-model assembly line?

A)model sequencing
B)line balancing
C)u-shaped lines
D)all are factors

Question 76

Cycle time refers to

A)the time required for a product to go through a process layout.
B)the time between finished units coming off an assembly line.
C)the time needed to complete the tasks at a work station.
D)the difference between task time and work station time.

Question 77

An assembly line consists of three workstations (WS)with each station's activity time as shown. When fully operational the maximum output for this line in 8 hours of production time would be

A)40 units.
B)96 units.
C)120 units.
D)160 units.

Question 78

To maximize an assembly line's efficiency,

A)the line's balance delay must be minimized.
B)the line's balance delay must be maximized.
C)the cycle time must be less than the flow time.
D)the flow time must be less than the cycle time.

Question 79

Briefly compare the storage and movement of material in a process layout and in a product layout.

Question 80

An assembly line consists of three workstations (WS)with each station's activity time as shown. The flow time for items on this line would be

A)5 minutes.
B)3 minutes.
C)4 minutes.
D)12 minutes.