Deck 24: Animal Evolution: The Invertebrates

Question 1

Which statement is true of deuterostomes?  

A) The second opening into the embryo becomes the anus.
B) They have two tissue layers.
C) The second opening into the embryo becomes the mouth.
D) The first opening into the embryo becomes the mouth.
E) They are typically radially symmetrical.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Figure 24.9

In the accompanying figure,an asexually reproducing individual is indicated by _____.  

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The cone snail,which makes venom that has been used to develop drugs,is a type of  

A) chiton.
B) gastropod.
C) bivalve.
D) cephalopod.
E) nudibranch.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Figure24.6


-In the accompanying figure,a cell type that helps to pull water through the sponge and strains out food particles is identified by the number ____.  

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 5

The ____ belongs to the same protostome clade as mollusks and annelids.  

A) Cnidaria
B) Platyhelminthes
C) Crustacea
D) Arthropoda
E) Nematoda

Question 6

Figure 24.9

In the accompanying figure,a feeding polyp in the mature colony is identified by the number  

A) 1.
B) 2.
C) 3.
D) 4.
E) 5.

Question 7

In the accompanying figure,a(n)____ has body plan B,which features a __________.  

A) roundworm; pseudocoelom
B) roundworm; coelom
C) tapeworm; no body cavity
D) annelid; coelom
E) earthworm; pseudocoelom

Question 8

Four of the following describe a bilaterally symmetrical animal.Which one is the exception?  

A) It has left and right sides.
B) It usually displays cephalization.
C) It produces mirror images regardless of the number of "cuts" through the central axis.
D) It usually has a three layer body plan.
E) It can be a deuterostome.

Question 9

Nematocysts are used for ____.  

A) reproduction
B) excretion
C) muscle action
D) circulation
E) capturing prey

Question 10

Cells of the outer surface of a sponge obtain food through ____.  

A) absorbing food that diffuses from the central cavity
B) capturing food in their microvilli
C) collar cells engulfing food by phagocytosis
D) amoeba-like cells engulfing food by phagocytosis
E) poisoning small fish that contact them

Question 11

Which of the following uses cattle as an intermediate host?  

A) Tapeworm
B) Ringworm
C) Blood fluke
D) Planaria
E) Bipalium

Question 12

In flatworms,the ____ is/are used to gather food.  

A) nephridia
B) contractile vacuoles
C) Malpighian tubules
D) pharynx
E) flame cells

Question 13

You find an organism that possesses many bristles and parapodia that it uses to burrow.What is it most likely to be?  

A) Millipede
B) Tapeworm
C) Polychaete
D) Hookworm
E) Flatworm

Question 14

Figure24.6


-In the accompanying figure,a cell type that distributes breakdown products of digestion to other cells in the sponge body is identified by the number ____.  

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 15

Animals most likely evolved most recently from ____.  

A) colonial protists
B) fungi
C) amoebozoans
D) algae
E) cyanobacteria

Question 16

Nephridia are ____.  

A) circulatory organs
B) respiratory organs
C) excretory organs
D) endocrine organs
E) part of the nervous system

Question 17

The oldest widely accepted evidence of animals is trace fossils dating to the final period of the Precambrian (635-541 million years ago)known as  

A) Devonian.
B) Proterozoic.
C) Cambrian.
D) Jurassic.
E) Ediacaran.

Question 18

Poriferans are ____.  

A) herbivores
B) suspension feeders
C) scavengers
D) predators
E) carnivores

Question 19

All animals are ____.  

A) multicellular, heterotrophic, and motile
B) multicellular, heterotrophic, and have walled cells
C) unicellular, autotrophic, and motile
D) multicellular, autotrophic, and reproduce sexually
E) unicellular, autotrophic, and reproduce asexually

Question 20

The ____ is an extension of the upper body wall in mollusks.  

A) radula
B) mantle
C) gill
D) lung
E) siphon

Question 21

You find a wormlike arthropod with a flattened body and carnivorous eating habits.It would most likely be identified as a ____.  

A) crustacean
B) millipede
C) spider
D) trilobite
E) centipede

Question 22

By the end of which period,characterized by warming climate and increased oxygen in the seas,did a dramatic adaptive radiation occur,giving rise to all major animal lineages?  

A) Devonian
B) Proterozoic
C) Cambrian
D) Jurassic
E) Ediacaran

Question 23

Four of the following are echinoderms.Which one is the exception?  

A) Sea cucumber
B) Sea star
C) Urchin
D) Brittle star
E) Krill

Question 24

What kind of system do annelids have in which blood flows through a continuous system of vessels?  

A) Respiratory system
B) Complete digestive system
C) Closed circulatory system
D) Nervous system
E) Open circulatory system

Question 25

While looking in a tide pool,you find an animal with a two-part shell and a large foot that it uses to bury itself in the sand.What is the likely identity of your find?  

A) A gastropod
B) A chiton
C) A bivalve
D) A cephalopod
E) A snail

Question 26

Choose the most appropriate answer for each.
a.two pairs of legs per segment
b.Arachnids
c.planarians, flukes, tapeworms
d.Nematodes
e.snails, squids, clams
f.Mollusca
g.sessile suspension feeders
h.jellyfish and corals
i.crustaceans, ticks, and insects
j.polychaetes, earthworms, leeches
k.sea urchins, sea stars
millipede

Question 27

The ____ are the most diverse animal group.  

A) vertebrates
B) insects
C) humans
D) protozoans
E) mollusks

Question 28

A water-vascular system is characteristic of the phylum ____.  

A) Nematoda
B) Annelida
C) Chordata
D) Mollusca
E) Echinodermata

Question 29

Animals of the phylum ____ are likely to have an exoskeleton.  

A) Mollusca
B) Arthropoda
C) Nematoda
D) Chordata
E) Annelida

Question 30

What are commonly called sea slugs and are actually marine gastropods with a greatly reduced shell?  

A) Mollusks
B) Cephalopods
C) Oligochaetes
D) Nudibranchs
E) Chitons

Question 31

You find an animal that has a flexible cuticle,longitudinal muscles,a complete digestive system,and a false coelom.What is its most likely identity?  

A) A nematode
B) A cnidarian
C) A flatworm
D) An echinoderm
E) A sponge

Question 32

Choose the most appropriate answer for each.
a.two pairs of legs per segment
b.Arachnids
c.planarians, flukes, tapeworms
d.Nematodes
e.snails, squids, clams
f.Mollusca
g.sessile suspension feeders
h.jellyfish and corals
i.crustaceans, ticks, and insects
j.polychaetes, earthworms, leeches
k.sea urchins, sea stars
arthropods

Question 33

Four of the following are chelicerates.Which one is the exception?  

A) Tick
B) Mosquito
C) Spider
D) Horseshoe crab
E) Scorpion

Question 34

Mosquito-transmitted roundworms cause a tropical disease called ____.  

A) trematodiases
B) human echinococcosis
C) lymphatic filariasis
D) onchocerciasis
E) dracunculiasis

Question 35

Choose the most appropriate answer for each.
a.two pairs of legs per segment
b.Arachnids
c.planarians, flukes, tapeworms
d.Nematodes
e.snails, squids, clams
f.Mollusca
g.sessile suspension feeders
h.jellyfish and corals
i.crustaceans, ticks, and insects
j.polychaetes, earthworms, leeches
k.sea urchins, sea stars
annelids

Question 36

When arthropods molt,they may change in four of the following ways.Which one is the exception?  

A) Body form and maturity
B) Sex
C) Body size
D) Eating habits
E) Sensory structures

Question 37

You stumble upon an unidentified arthropod with no antennae and eight legs.This organism is likely closely related to _____.  

A) grasshoppers
B) ticks
C) crayfish
D) millipedes
E) trilobites

Question 38

Which group of arthropods can be distinguished from other groups by their calcium-containing,hardened exoskeleton and mostly marine habitat?  

A) Insects
B) Millipedes
C) Chelicerates
D) Crustaceans
E) Trilobites

Question 39

The majority of crustaceans live in ____.  

A) bodies of freshwater
B) tropical rain forests
C) marine habitats
D) wetlands
E) grasslands

Question 40

Four of the following are major features of arthropods.Which is the exception?  

A) Jointed appendages
B) Exoskeleton
C) Paired segmental nephridia
D) Specialized segments that are fused together
E) Specialized sensory structures

Question 41

Some animals have no body symmetry or have __________ symmetry like spokes on a wheel.

Question 42

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the five animal phyla listed below.
a.Annelida
b.Arthropoda
c.Mollusca
d.Echinodermata
e.Cnidaria
Although most members are enclosed by hardened shells,this phylum name literally means "soft body."

Question 43

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the five animal phyla listed below.
a.Porifera
b.Cnidaria
c.Platyhelminthes
d.Nematoda
e.Annelida
Members of this phylum have a brain with a ventral nerve cord,a complete gut,and a circulatory system that is usually closed.

Question 44

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the five animal phyla listed below.
a.Annelida
b.Arthropoda
c.Mollusca
d.Echinodermata
e.Cnidaria
This phylum has the greatest number of species.

Question 45

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the five animal phyla listed below.
a.Porifera
b.Cnidaria
c.Platyhelminthes
d.Nematoda
e.Annelida
This phylum has no tissues or organs.

Question 46

Choose the most appropriate answer for each.
a.two pairs of legs per segment
b.Arachnids
c.planarians, flukes, tapeworms
d.Nematodes
e.snails, squids, clams
f.Mollusca
g.sessile suspension feeders
h.jellyfish and corals
i.crustaceans, ticks, and insects
j.polychaetes, earthworms, leeches
k.sea urchins, sea stars
sponges

Question 47

Choose the most appropriate answer for each.
a.two pairs of legs per segment
b.Arachnids
c.planarians, flukes, tapeworms
d.Nematodes
e.snails, squids, clams
f.Mollusca
g.sessile suspension feeders
h.jellyfish and corals
i.crustaceans, ticks, and insects
j.polychaetes, earthworms, leeches
k.sea urchins, sea stars
echinoderms

Question 48

Choose the most appropriate answer for each.
a.two pairs of legs per segment
b.Arachnids
c.planarians, flukes, tapeworms
d.Nematodes
e.snails, squids, clams
f.Mollusca
g.sessile suspension feeders
h.jellyfish and corals
i.crustaceans, ticks, and insects
j.polychaetes, earthworms, leeches
k.sea urchins, sea stars
mollusks

Question 49

Choose the most appropriate answer for each.
a.two pairs of legs per segment
b.Arachnids
c.planarians, flukes, tapeworms
d.Nematodes
e.snails, squids, clams
f.Mollusca
g.sessile suspension feeders
h.jellyfish and corals
i.crustaceans, ticks, and insects
j.polychaetes, earthworms, leeches
k.sea urchins, sea stars
This group includes a transparent species that is used as model animal in developmental biology studies

Question 50

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the five animal phyla listed below.
a.Porifera
b.Cnidaria
c.Platyhelminthes
d.Nematoda
e.Annelida
Tapeworms are members of this phylum.

Question 51

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the five animal phyla listed below.
a.Porifera
b.Cnidaria
c.Platyhelminthes
d.Nematoda
e.Annelida
Members of this phylum have a pseudocoelomic cavity.

Question 52

Choose the most appropriate answer for each.
a.two pairs of legs per segment
b.Arachnids
c.planarians, flukes, tapeworms
d.Nematodes
e.snails, squids, clams
f.Mollusca
g.sessile suspension feeders
h.jellyfish and corals
i.crustaceans, ticks, and insects
j.polychaetes, earthworms, leeches
k.sea urchins, sea stars
chelicerates

Question 53

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the five animal phyla listed below.
a.Annelida
b.Arthropoda
c.Mollusca
d.Echinodermata
e.Cnidaria
Members of this phylum use tentacles to push captured prey through the mouth into their gastrovascular cavity.

Question 54

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the five animal phyla listed below.
a.Porifera
b.Cnidaria
c.Platyhelminthes
d.Nematoda
e.Annelida
Members of this group have a brain with nerve cords,have a saclike or branched gut,and lack a circulatory system.

Question 55

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the five animal phyla listed below.
a.Annelida
b.Arthropoda
c.Mollusca
d.Echinodermata
e.Cnidaria
Trilobites were members of this phylum.

Question 56

Choose the most appropriate answer for each.
a.two pairs of legs per segment
b.Arachnids
c.planarians, flukes, tapeworms
d.Nematodes
e.snails, squids, clams
f.Mollusca
g.sessile suspension feeders
h.jellyfish and corals
i.crustaceans, ticks, and insects
j.polychaetes, earthworms, leeches
k.sea urchins, sea stars
cnidarians

Question 57

Choose the most appropriate answer for each.
a.two pairs of legs per segment
b.Arachnids
c.planarians, flukes, tapeworms
d.Nematodes
e.snails, squids, clams
f.Mollusca
g.sessile suspension feeders
h.jellyfish and corals
i.crustaceans, ticks, and insects
j.polychaetes, earthworms, leeches
k.sea urchins, sea stars
flatworms

Question 58

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the five animal phyla listed below.
a.Annelida
b.Arthropoda
c.Mollusca
d.Echinodermata
e.Cnidaria
The larval stage in this phylum has bilateral symmetry,whereas the adult stage exhibits radial symmetry.

Question 59

Choose the most appropriate answer for each.
a.two pairs of legs per segment
b.Arachnids
c.planarians, flukes, tapeworms
d.Nematodes
e.snails, squids, clams
f.Mollusca
g.sessile suspension feeders
h.jellyfish and corals
i.crustaceans, ticks, and insects
j.polychaetes, earthworms, leeches
k.sea urchins, sea stars
chitons,gastropods,bivalves,and cephalopods

Question 60

__________ are multicelled heterotrophs without cell walls.

Question 61

What anatomical part of polychaetes can be used for both locomotion and feeding?  

A) Gills
B) Bivalves
C) Tentacles
D) Trochophore
E) Parapodia

Question 62

In annelids,____ regulate the composition of body fluid.

Question 63

The animal gut cavity may be a fully lined coelom or a partially lined __________.

Question 64

__________ is a process where a concentration of nerves and sensory structures forms in the head region.

Question 65

Animals most likely evolved from a colony similar to __________,a type of protist.

Question 66

In __________,the mouth forms from the second opening.

Question 67

During mating of earthworms,which secretory organ produces mucus that glues two worms together while they swap the sperm?  

A) Clitellum
B) Coelomic fluid
C) Chaetae
D) Gills
E) Radula

Question 68

Polychaetas and oligochaetes are named for the bristles that are called  

A) ganglia.
B) cnidocyst.
C) chaetae.
D) radula.
E) flagella.

Question 69

A cnidarian larva,called a ___________,is ciliated and has bilateral symmetry.

Question 70

The __________ have an unsegmented body,a cuticle that is molted,a complete gut,and a pseudocoelom.

Question 71

__________,such as jellyfishes,corals,and sea anemones,are radially symmetrical.

Question 72

What group includes the fastest,biggest,and smartest invertebrates?  

A) Squids
B) Bivalves
C) Chaetae
D) Cephalopods
E) Nudibranchs

Question 73

___________,such as sea stars,are invertebrate members of the deuterostome lineage.

Question 74

__________ are asymmetrical and do not have tissues or organs.