Deck 33: Sensory Perception

Question 1

The portion of the eye where photoreceptors are located is the ____.  

A) lens
B) cornea
C) pupil
D) fovea
E) retina

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Which of the following begins with signals from pain receptors in skin,skeletal muscles,joints,and tendons?  

A) Chronic pain
B) Neuropathic pain
C) Nociceptive pain
D) Visceral pain
E) Somatic pain

Answer 2

E

Question 3

The pain produced in an internal organ may be perceived as occurring somewhere else.This phenomenon is called ____.  

A) mixed nerve messages
B) referred pain
C) phantom pain
D) psychosomatic pain
E) hypochondria

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Humans have ____.
 

A) more types of taste receptors than olfactory receptors
B) more types of olfactory receptors than taste receptors
C) a high degree of dependency on pheromones
D) approximately six types of olfactory receptors
E) an advanced vomeronasal organ

Question 5

The adjustable ring of contractile and connective tissues that controls the amount of light entering the eye is the ____.  

A) lens
B) cornea
C) pupil
D) iris
E) retina

Question 6

The drug ziconotide,derived from cone snail venom,effects pain relief via which mechanism?  

A) Blocking calcium channels in axon terminals of pain receptor neurons
B) Slowing prostaglandin production
C) Mimicking the activity of endorphins
D) Reducing inflammation
E) Minimizing referred pain mechanisms

Question 7

Figure 33.8


-What letter indicates a taste bud?  

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) A and B
E) None of these, because they are olfactory receptors

Question 8

Figure 33.6

The accompanying figure shows areas of referred pain that indicate an internal organ is damaged.Which letter corresponds to heart damage?  

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 9

The major function of a receptor is to _____.  

A) control the autonomic functions of the body
B) stabilize the internal environment to achieve homeostasis
C) produce responses to the various stimuli the body receives
D) give organisms or cells awareness of and sensitivity to their environment
E) control the visceral functions of the body

Question 10

A stretch receptor is classified as a ____.  

A) chemoreceptor
B) mechanoreceptor
C) photoreceptor
D) thermoreceptor
E) nociceptor

Question 11

Insects have ____.  

A) simple eyes
B) ocelli
C) ciliary eyes
D) compound eyes
E) "camera" eyes

Question 12

Eyes contain ____  

A) chemoreceptors.
B) mechanoreceptors.
C) photoreceptors.
D) nociceptors.
E) thermoreceptors.

Question 13

The Pacinian corpuscle is used in detecting ____.  

A) sound
B) hard pressure
C) chemicals
D) light touch
E) chemical differences

Question 14

A diminishing response by receptors to a constant stimulus is known as ____.  

A) an action potential
B) neural transduction
C) sensory adaptation
D) referred pain
E) a sensation

Question 15

The following provide brain with information regarding the location and intensity of a stimulus except  

A) which axons are responding.
B) how many axons are responding.
C) frequency of action potentials.
D) size of the action potential.
E) the nerve pathway that was triggered.

Question 16

Which organ in reptiles and mammals binds and responds to pheromones released by other members of the same species?  

A) Olfactory
B) Nasopharynx
C) Papillae
D) Vomeronasal
E) Cochlea

Question 17

Sensory pathways of smell and taste ____.  

A) begin with chemoreceptors
B) begin in the somatosensory cortex
C) are not involved in communication
D) are integrated with the advanced vomeronasal organ that humans possess
E) are completely separated from one another

Question 18

The somatosensory cortex _____.  

A) maps the distribution of somatic receptors on the body
B) consists of gray matter
C) involves only the spinal cord
D) responds to all signals equally
E) is not responsive to mechanoreceptors

Question 19

Which invertebrates usually have a concentration of olfactory receptors at their head end?  

A) Cnidarians
B) Echinoderms
C) Bilateral invertebrates
D) Predatory invertebrates
E) Prey invertebrates

Question 20

The somatic senses include four of the following sensations.Which one is the exception?
 

A) Balance
B) Pain near the body surface
C) Temperature
D) Touch
E) Pressure

Question 21

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.vibrates upon contact with sound waves
d.elastic membrane that creates pressure waves in cochlear fluid
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
cochlea

Question 22

Which statement accurately describes the properties of sound?  

A) The frequency of a sound determines the loudness.
B) The amplitude of a sound determines its pitch.
C) The amplitude of a sound is the number of waves per second.
D) A soft sound has a greater amplitude than a loud sound.
E) A high note and a low note with the same amplitude are equally loud.

Question 23

Failure of the organs in the vestibular apparatus to function correctly can cause ____.  

A) insensitivity to touch
B) loss of hearing
C) motion sickness
D) inability to smell
E) night blindness

Question 24

The organ of Corti ____.

A) is integral to balance
B) controls the sense of depth perception
C) has hair cells that fire and sends signals to the brain
D) is involved in visual acuity
E) detects light energy

Question 25

Rods and cones are located in the ____.  

A) lens
B) cornea
C) pupil
D) iris
E) retina

Question 26

Figure 33.21C

The letter "C" in the above figure represents the ____.  

A) cortex
B) cornea
C) fovea
D) blood vessels
E) optic nerve

Question 27

In humans and some other vertebrates,the organ that collects sound and directs them to the auditory canal is called the ____.  

A) auditory nerve
B) cochlea
C) eardrum
D) pinna
E) round window

Question 28

The utricle and saccule ____.  

A) each contain an organ of dynamic equilibrium
B) detect rotation of the head
C) detect how the head is oriented relative to the ground
D) are semicircular canals
E) use the auditory nerve to send information to the brain

Question 29

Figure 33.17


-The retina is indicated by the letter ____.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 30

Nearsightedness is caused by a(n)_____  

A) eye structure that focuses an image in front of the retina
B) eye structure that focuses an image behind the retina
C) eyeball that is too short
D) recessive trait on the Y chromosome
E) recessive trait on the X chromosome

Question 31

Figure 33.17


-The structure that protects the eyeball is indicated by the letter ____.  

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 32

The area on the retina that has the greatest density of cone cells is called the ____.  

A) fovea
B) visual ganglion
C) lateral geniculate nucleus
D) visual cortex
E) blind spot

Question 33

Visual accommodation involves the ability to ____.  

A) change the sensitivity of the rods and cones by means of neurotransmitters
B) change the position of the retina
C) change the thickness of the lens by contracting or relaxing certain muscles
D) protect the eyeball from foreign matter
E) prevent eye strain

Question 34

Equilibrium is sensed by ____.  

A) chemoreceptors
B) mechanoreceptors
C) photoreceptors
D) thermoreceptors
E) nociceptors

Question 35

The color of the eye is predicated on the amount of ____ present in the iris.  

A) enzyme
B) protein
C) melanin
D) salts
E) lipids

Question 36

Figure 33.10 (part 2)


-The oval window is indicated by the letter ____.  

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 37

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.vibrates upon contact with sound waves
d.elastic membrane that creates pressure waves in cochlear fluid
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
auditory nerve

Question 38

Figure 33.10 (part 2)


-The bones that amplify sound reaching the eardrum are indicated by the letters ____.

A) A and B
B) A, B, and C
C) B and C
D) C and D
E) C, D, and F

Question 39

When light rays converge behind the retina,it is known as ____.

A) astigmatism
B) color blindness
C) nearsightedness
D) macular degeneration
E) farsightedness

Question 40

The dark middle layer of the eye that prevents the scattering of light within the eyeball is the ____.
 

A) fovea
B) retina
C) sclera
D) choroid
E) cornea

Question 41

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.vibrates upon contact with sound waves
d.elastic membrane that creates pressure waves in cochlear fluid
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
retina

Question 42

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.vibrates upon contact with sound waves
d.elastic membrane that creates pressure waves in cochlear fluid
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
eardrum

Question 43

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of receptors listed below.
a.chemical
b.mechanical
c.thermoreceptor
d.Nociceptor
The warmth you feel from a campfire detected by this receptor.

Question 44

_______senses involve receptors that are located throughout the body.

Question 45

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.vibrates upon contact with sound waves
d.elastic membrane that creates pressure waves in cochlear fluid
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
amplitude

Question 46

__________ respond to mechanical energy such as touch.

Question 47

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.vibrates upon contact with sound waves
d.elastic membrane that creates pressure waves in cochlear fluid
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
pheromone

Question 48

The ___________ is a sensory organ that contains a dense array of photoreceptors.

Question 49

Answer the following questions in reference to the five eye structures listed below.
a.cornea
b.lens
c.camera eye
d.ommatidium
e.vitreous body
This structure acts to maintain the shape of the eye and to transmit light to other structures.

Question 50

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of receptors listed below.
a.chemical
b.mechanical
c.thermoreceptor
d.Nociceptor
Receptors that detect tissue damage.

Question 51

Answer the following questions in reference to the five eye structures listed below.
a.cornea
b.lens
c.camera eye
d.ommatidium
e.vitreous body
Cephalopods use this structure to produce a sharply defined,detailed image.

Question 52

Answer the following questions in reference to the five eye structures listed below.
a.cornea
b.lens
c.camera eye
d.ommatidium
e.vitreous body
This structure primarily acts to focus light waves.

Question 53

Answer the following questions in reference to the five eye structures listed below.
a.cornea
b.lens
c.camera eye
d.ommatidium
e.vitreous body
This structure forms the transparent front of the eye.

Question 54

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of receptors listed below.
a.chemical
b.mechanical
c.thermoreceptor
d.Nociceptor
Receptors on the tongue detect variations in this kind of signal.

Question 55

Answer the following questions in reference to the five eye structures listed below.
a.cornea
b.lens
c.camera eye
d.ommatidium
e.vitreous body
This structure is found in the compound eyes of insects but not in the eyes of vertebrates.

Question 56

Animals active primarily at night often have _______________layers in their eyes.

Question 57

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.vibrates upon contact with sound waves
d.elastic membrane that creates pressure waves in cochlear fluid
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
pitch

Question 58

__________ sensations arise from receptors near organs in body cavities.

Question 59

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of receptors listed below.
a.chemical
b.mechanical
c.thermoreceptor
d.Nociceptor
Ears detect this kind of energy.

Question 60

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.relays action potentials from the ear to the brain
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.vibrates upon contact with sound waves
d.elastic membrane that creates pressure waves in cochlear fluid
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.defined by peak height and valley depth of sound waves
h.helps maintain balance and position; detects acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
saccule

Question 61

Which of the following statements about vertebrate eyes is true?  

A) Most predators have monocular vision.
B) Most predators have eyes on the sides of their heads.
C) Binocular vision helps prey animals scan their surroundings for predators.
D) Most prey animals have eyes on the sides of their head and monocular vision.
E) Monocular vision allows for better depth perception.

Question 62

Insects have compound eyes that are highly sensitive to _______________.

Question 63

Insects have a compound eye with many individual units called ommatidia,each with its own ________.

Question 64

Porpoises and some bats find their prey using sound waves in the _________range.  

A) supersonic
B) infrasonic
C) ultrasonic
D) high-pitched, human ear-audible
E) low-pitched, human ear-audible

Question 65

__________ line human nasal passages.

Question 66

The cochlea is a coiled structure with fluid-filled ducts that transmit pressure waves that make the _______membrane on its lower wall vibrate.

Question 67

Human ears detect sounds in the range of  

A) 10 to 15,000 hertz.
B) 20 to 20,000 hertz.
C) 25,000 to 50,000 hertz.
D) 100,000 to 150,000 hertz.
E) 25,000 to 250,000 hertz.

Question 68

The __________ is a system of fluid-filled sacs and canals in the inner ear.

Question 69

Which of the following statements about the organs of balance and equilibrium is false?  

A) The three semicircular canals of the vestibular apparatus function in dynamic equilibrium.
B) At the base of each semicircular canal is a bulging region called the ampulla.
C) The brain receives and integrates signals from the semicircular canals on both sides of the head.
D) dynamic equilibrium allows you to keep your eyes locked on an object even when you swivel your head or nod.
E) Organs in the saccule and utricle act in the sense of dynamic equilibrium.