Deck 2: Puberty and Physical Development

Question 1

Typically,boys experience their first ejaculation fairly _____ in puberty,and girls experience their first menstrual period fairly _____ in puberty.

A)early;early
B)early;late
C)late;early
D)late;late

Answer 1

B

Question 2

On average,girls enter the adolescent growth spurt _____ boys.

A)at the same time as
B)six months later than
C)about two years earlier than
D)six months earlier than

Answer 2

C

Question 3

For boys,the first signs of puberty usually occur around age

A)nine.
B)eleven.
C)thirteen.
D)fifteen.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

"Tanner stages" refers to

A)the sequence of changes in secondary sex characteristics during puberty.
B)the levels of melatonin found in the skin of adolescents from different backgrounds.
C)the growth and maturation of the long bones of the body.
D)the increased production of sebum that is linked to adolescent acne.

Question 5

During puberty,levels of _____ increase much more in girls than in boys.

A)androgens
B)estrogen
C)DHEA
D)leptin

Question 6

The earliest phase of puberty,which begins before any outward physical changes,is known as

A)adrenarche.
B)spermarche.
C)menarche.
D)asynchronicity.

Question 7

In most boys,the first outward sign of puberty is

A)the growth of the testes and scrotum.
B)the appearance of facial hair.
C)the appearance of pubic hair.
D)register changes in the voice.

Question 8

During the adolescent growth spurt,different parts of the body change at different times and different rates;a phenomenon called

A)homeostasis.
B)the critical period.
C)ossification.
D)asynchronicity.

Question 9

During puberty,boys increase in physical strength more than girls in part because

A)they are more likely to exercise regularly.
B)girls put on proportionately more body fat than boys.
C)their endocrine systems produces more testosterone,closely linked to muscle growth.
D)All of the above.

Question 10

The process that propels children in the direction of physical and sexual maturity is called

A)puberty.
B)recapitulation.
C)nurture.
D)socialization.

Question 11

One reason for the average difference in height between adult men and women is that

A)boys are older and hence taller when they enter the growth spurt.
B)androgens promote greater height than estrogen.
C)girls are shorter than same-age boys during childhood.
D)the Y chromosome in males programs greater height.

Question 12

During puberty,levels of _____ increase much more in boys than in girls.

A)DHEA
B)estrogen
C)androgens
D)leptin

Question 13

During early adolescence,_____ gain more body fat and _____ gain more muscle.

A)boys;boys
B)girls;girls
C)girls;boys
D)boys;girls

Question 14

In most girls,the first outward indication of puberty is

A)the appearance of pubic hair.
B)menarche.
C)the swelling of the breast bud.
D)the development of complexion problems.

Question 15

The letter "G" in HPG axis stands for

A)growth.
B)GnRH.
C)giveback.
D)gonads.

Question 16

The endocrine system influences bodily processes by producing and releasing

A)neural fibers.
B)chemical energy.
C)hormones.
D)electrical impulses.

Question 17

A key event in setting off puberty occurs when

A)there is a surge in levels of human growth hormone.
B)the adrenal gland produces higher levels of stress hormone.
C)the hypothalamus becomes less sensitive to sex hormones and signals the gonads to produce higher levels of them.
D)the growth curve becomes steepest.

Question 18

During puberty,the HPG axis sets in motion the rapid increase in height and weight known as

A)the secular trend.
B)homeostasis.
C)the adolescent growth spurt.
D)the metabolic transition.

Question 19

The _____ functions as the control center for the endocrine system.

A)hypothalamus
B)pituitary
C)adrenal gland
D)medulla

Question 20

_____is a universal feature of adolescent development.

A)"Storm and stress"
B)Puberty
C)Separation from parents
D)Sexual initiation

Question 21

During adolescence,young people form important health habits that affect their well being during adulthood,including

A)getting enough sleep.
B)eating a nutritious,well balanced diet.
C)exercising regularly.
D)All of the above.

Question 22

Early-maturing girls are less likely to have problems if

A)puberty comes at the same time as moving to a new school.
B)their community doesn't offer sexuality education until junior high school.
C)they attend an all-girls school.
D)their friends have not yet reached puberty.

Question 23

For girls,the first signs of puberty usually occur around age

A)ten.
B)twelve.
C)fourteen.
D)sixteen.

Question 24

According to the _____ hypothesis,entering puberty early is negative for girls because they haven't had time to complete the psychological tasks of childhood.

A)stage termination
B)deviance
C)adult resemblance
D)continuum

Question 25

The belief that complex processes must be explained in terms of more elementary processes is known as

A)atomism.
B)elementarism.
C)reductionism.
D)basicalism.

Question 26

When girls experience menarche,most respond by

A)telling their mother.
B)telling their closest friend.
C)keeping it secret.
D)telling their father.

Question 27

During puberty and adolescence,neurons in the brain lose as many as half their interconnections,in a process called

A)synaptic pruning.
B)dendritic branching.
C)myelination.
D)nerve conservation.

Question 28

Girls who have negative feelings about their breast development tend to attribute this to

A)the stress of having to leave childhood.
B)increased parental restrictions on their activities.
C)the hassle of having to dress modestly.
D)overt reactions from others,especially boys.

Question 29

During adolescence,the brain becomes more efficient and precise in its functioning,partly because of the increase in

A)neurons.
B)myelin.
C)hemispheres.
D)synapses.

Question 30

Between 1900 and 1960,the average age of menarche in Canada and the United States dropped by about two months every decade.This is an illustration of the

A)pubertal decline.
B)secular trend.
C)delayed phase preference.
D)lowered reaction range.

Question 31

Research on trends in puberty often focuses on the age of menarche because

A)pubertal trends change more for girls than for boys.
B)it is the earliest sign of puberty in girls.
C)it is a definite event that is usually noticed and remembered.
D)sexual development in boys happens more slowly and gradually.

Question 32

The age at which girls experience their first menstrual period is affected by

A)nutrition.
B)family conflict.
C)intensive exercise.
D)All of the above.

Question 33

According to the _____ hypothesis,the effects of entering puberty markedly early or late result from the stress of being different from others in one's peer group.

A)stage termination
B)deviance
C)adult resemblance
D)continuum

Question 34

Historical evidence suggests that in Classical Greece and Rome,menarche

A)came somewhat later than it does in Europe and North America today.
B)came much later than it does in Europe and North America today.
C)came at roughly the same age as it does in Europe and North America today.
D)came somewhat earlier than it does in Europe and North America today.

Question 35

Girls who enter puberty earlier than their age mates

A)are better prepared for adolescent changes.
B)tend to be taller as adults.
C)usually get more social support from parents and peers.
D)tend to be less popular and more depressed.

Question 36

For pubertal boys,self consciousness about penis size can lead to

A)checking out other boys' bodies for reassurance.
B)"locker room syndrome," or fear of being seen naked by other boys.
C)involuntary erections during public moments.
D)frequent conversations on the topic with close friends.

Question 37

As compared to puberty rites for girls,puberty rites for boys tend to be more

A)enthusiastically celebrated.
B)focused on rules and taboos.
C)harsh and painful.
D)rapidly dying out.

Question 38

The Jewish Bar Mitzvah is an example of the custom of

A)honoring outstanding teens.
B)puberty rites.
C)birthday celebrations.
D)exchanging gifts on special days.

Question 39

Boys who enter puberty earlier than their age mates

A)are seen and treated as more mature.
B)are more likely to get involved with drug and alcohol use.
C)have fewer problems with parents.
D)All of the above.

Question 40

With puberty,both boys and girls tend to have _____ closeness and _____ conflict with their mothers.

A)more;less
B)less;more
C)more;more
D)less;less

Question 41

What body system regulates puberty? What are the crucial elements in this system? How does it carry out its regulatory function?

Question 42

In recent years,physical education classes in school when offered

A)have become longer and more rigorous.
B)are more likely to be required of all students.
C)are one hour once weekly.
D)are more popular among older adolescents.

Question 43

Mood swings during adolescence

A)are the direct result of changes in hormone levels.
B)are no greater than those during childhood or adulthood.
C)reflect both a larger number of unpredictable events and a greater vulnerability to them.
D)are just as extreme in late adolescence as during puberty.

Question 44

Girls who see themselves as overweight,even when they are not,and are especially dissatisfied with their hips,thighs,and waists,suffer from a distorted

A)body image.
B)pubertal growth.
C)sexual self.
D)media obsession.

Question 45

What are puberty rites? What social functions may they serve? How are they usually different for girls and boys?

Question 46

Adolescents who do not get 8 or more hours of sleep on weeknights

A)can make up for it by sleeping more on weekends.
B)are more likely to have academic and emotional problems.
C)are the minority,because most teens do get that much.
D)are normal,because teens need less sleep than children.

Question 47

Canadian teens spend _________ in sedentary activities every day.

A)more than 9 hours
B)less than 9 hours
C)3-5 hours
D)None of the above

Question 48

About _____% of Canadian adolescents eat too much unhealthy saturated fat.

A)25
B)40
C)66
D)91

Question 49

Among adolescent girls,dissatisfaction with their bodies

A)is found mostly among those whom others consider unattractive.
B)is generally the result of being overweight.
C)is more common among those who watch more television and read more teen magazines.
D)can generally be overcome through a focus on dieting and exercise.

Question 50

What proportion of Canadian adolescents eat at least one serving of fruit a day?

A)Less than half.
B)Two-thirds.
C)Three quarters.
D)Over 90%.

Question 51

What important health issues come forward during puberty? Discuss in detail how teens are affected and what might be done to help.

Question 52

Shanti is one of the first girls in her school class to enter puberty.What are some of the ways in which this is likely to affect her? What explanations have been offered for these effects?

Question 53

Recent research on diet among teens in industrialized countries indicates that _______ adolescents have the highest rates of overweight and obesity.

A)Canadian
B)American
C)British
D)Australian

Question 54

Among Canadian adolescent boys,_____ meet 'moderate' standards of physical activity.

A)more than three quarters
B)about two-thirds
C)less than half
D)fewer than one quarter

Question 55

How is the course of physical and sexual development during puberty different for girls and boys?