Question 1

The purpose of nutritional screening is to&#10;A) identify patients at nutritional risk.&#10;B) determine a patient's nutritional problem.&#10;C) categorize patients as high or moderate risk.&#10;D) assess the patient's nutritional status.

Accepted Answer

Nutrition screening is a quick means of identifying whether or not a person may be at risk for a nutritional problem. Usually, only a few well-selected parameters related to nutrition are evaluated to determine this risk. If screening does identify a potential risk, then a more complete nutrition assessment should be performed. The assessment will identify any specific nutrition problems the patient may have. Generally, screening is not used to classify degree of risk-either the patient is at nutritional risk or not.

Question 2

What is a limitation of using the 24-hour recall and the food frequency?&#10;A) The patient's level of literacy&#10;B) The time required to collect data&#10;C) The lack of tools for conducting these&#10;D) Reliance on the patient's memory

Accepted Answer

Both the food frequency and the 24-hour food recall depend on the patient's memory of past intake. This can be of particular difficulty when trying to evaluate the diet history of an elderly person or a child. To their benefit, both of these methods require little time or materials to administer, and they do not require the patient to write down and maintain his or her own record of intake.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT true of nutrition screening?&#10;A) Should be able to be done quickly&#10;B) Should include weight history&#10;C) Should be done by dietitians&#10;D) Should be setting specific

Accepted Answer

Tools and parameters should be established by dietitians but screening may be performed by other health care professionals. The parameters should be easily accessible and the process should be quick. The screening tool used should be specific to the setting.

Question 4

Smartphones are now a legitimate method to record food intake.

Accepted Answer

Information about actual intake is collected through direct observation or an inventory of foods eaten based on observation of what remains on the individual's tray or plate after a meal. In many cases photographs taken by smartphones are useful in documenting amount of food consumed.

Question 5

In the patient's _____ history, you would most likely find out about the patient's cultural views related to health care.&#10;A) medical&#10;B) social&#10;C) medication&#10;D) dietary

Accepted Answer

Aspects of culture, which include religious and cultural beliefs and practices, are identified while obtaining a patient's social history. Culture affects who a person turns to for health care and how a person feels about different types of health care. Culture is also an included aspect of the diet history, but this would be focused on dietary habits and preferences dictated by culture as opposed to health care.

Question 6

The Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) relies on what factors for the determination of nutritional risk in adults?&#10;A) Body mass index, eating habits, functional status&#10;B) Body mass index, blood albumin and cholesterol levels, clinical signs&#10;C) Body mass index, weight loss, acute disease effect on intake&#10;D) Body mass index, medical diagnosis, blood albumin level

Accepted Answer

The MUST screening tool determines a level of risk for patients based on the body mass index (BMI), recent unintentional weight loss, and an expectation of the disease affecting intake for 5 days or greater. Based on these factors, points are assigned to identify whether a patient is at low, medium, or high risk. The risk level indicates what type of care interventions are used with the patient. The Nutrition Screening Initiative uses BMI, eating habits, and functional status as part of its Level I screen. BMI, blood values for albumin and cholesterol, and identification of clinical signs of nutrient deficiency are included in the NSI's Level II screen.

Question 7

The MNA short form has been validated for use in what population?&#10;A) Critically ill elderly&#10;B) Surgical populations&#10;C) Subacute and ambulatory elderly&#10;D) Children

Accepted Answer

The MNA short form is a rapid and reliable screening tool for ambulatory and subacute elderly populations. MUST is used for medical and surgical populations.

Question 8

A nutrient intake analysis (NIA) or calorie count should be recorded for _____ hours.&#10;A) 48&#10;B) 72&#10;C) 24&#10;D) 36

Accepted Answer

With the availability of complete intake records, 72 hours is usually enough to reflect an individual's average intake. With incomplete records, the NIA may need to be extended beyond 72 hours. In a hospital setting, between the patient's health status and the foods and menus offered, intake will vary from meal to meal and from day to day. By tracking the intake across 3 days, the assessment can account for this variation.

Deck 4: Intake: Analysis of the Diet