Deck 18: Nutrition in Adolescence

Question 1

What is menarche?

A) A low hemoglobin level
B) A diet high in fat
C) Vitamin A deficiency
D) The onset of menstruation

Answer 1

D
Explanation: Menarche is the onset of menstruation in adolescent young women, associated with Tanner stage 4. Menarche actually occurs in late puberty.

Question 2

When are adolescents most likely to visit a fast-food restaurant?

A) Right after school
B) During dinnertime through the week
C) During dinnertime on the weekend
D) During lunchtime on the weekend

Answer 2

A
Explanation: Teens more frequently visit fast-food restaurants on the way home from school. This may have to do with the location of the fast-food restaurants in relation to their schools because many are located within a short walking or driving distance. Weekday dinnertime is the next most frequently reported visit time. On the weekends, adolescents visit fast-food restaurants more during the lunchtime than during the dinnertime hours.

Question 3

An adolescent female of gynecologic age of 3 years becomes pregnant. Her prepregnancy BMI was 19.0. According to the IOM, how much weight should she try to gain during her pregnancy?

A) 15 lb
B) Up to 25 lb
C) Up to 35 lb
D) Up to 40 lb

Answer 3

D
Explanation: Before her pregnancy, this girl's BMI would be interpreted as underweight; therefore, she should attempt to gain from 28 to 40 lb, with a goal toward the upper part of the range. A BMI over 29 would require a weight gain of 15 lb. For a BMI between 26.1 and 29, the goal would be the upper end of the 15- to 25-lb range. For a normal BMI of 19.8 to 26, the goal would be the upper end of the 25- to 35-lb range.

Question 4

How can an adolescent plan a vegetarian diet that is in line with the DRIs and Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

A) By focusing on a vegan diet
B) By ensuring adequate legumes, nuts, and whole grains
C) By including fish
D) By including eggs and dairy foods

Question 5

Which of the following is a method for rating sexual maturation?

A) Periods of adolescence
B) Gynecologic age
C) Tanner stages
D) Peak gain velocity

Question 6

How does the pubertal growth spurt in girls compare with that in boys?

A) It begins sooner.
B) It begins later.
C) It lasts longer.
D) It is not different.

Question 7

What would be the correct interpretation of an adolescent who has a BMI above the 85th percentile?

A) The adolescent is overweight.
B) The adolescent is obese.
C) The adolescent is at risk for becoming overweight.
D) The adolescent is overfat.

Question 8

What method of weight control is most used by adolescents?

A) Fasting or refraining from food
B) Eating fewer calories and less fat
C) Use of diet pills, laxatives, or diuretics
D) Exercise

Question 9

When does the greatest increase in height during puberty occur?

A) Over the 18- to 24-month "growth spurt" period
B) Continually over the entire time
C) During the first year of puberty
D) Primarily toward the end of puberty

Question 10

Which nutrient is required in higher amounts by women after menarche?

A) Zinc
B) Folic acid
C) Calcium
D) Iron

Question 11

Which nutrient is important in later adolescence to protect against birth defects in pregnancy?

A) Protein
B) Iron
C) Folic acid
D) Calcium

Question 12

Adequate intake of which nutrient is of greatest concern when working with adolescent athletes?

A) Carbohydrate
B) Protein
C) Water
D) Iron

Question 13

Stage 1 of obesity in adolescence should be treated with:

A) structured meal plans and a multidisciplinary health team.
B) a diet and recording of food intake and activity.
C) a vegan diet and exercise.
D) general education on diet and exercise.

Question 14

How is hypertension diagnosed in adolescents?

A) Blood pressure of 130/85 mm Hg
B) Blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg
C) Blood pressure of 160/100 mm Hg
D) Average of three blood pressure readings that exceed the 95th percentile

Question 15

Which of the following represents the growth experienced by a child during adolescence?

A) 50% of the adult height and 20% of the adult weight
B) 30% of the adult height and 30% of the adult weight
C) 20% of the adult height and 50% of the adult weight
D) 10% of the adult height and 20% of the adult weight

Question 16

To determine if weight is appropriate for height at a given age for a given gender, where should the data plotted on the NCHS growth chart appear?

A) Between the 5th and 85th percentiles
B) Between the 10th and 50th percentiles
C) Between the 75th and 95th percentiles
D) Between the 5th and 25th percentiles

Question 17

In early adolescence, which of the following is most likely to be a concern to the adolescent?

A) Independence
B) The future
C) Trusting adults
D) Body image

Question 18

Among adolescents, which type of eating disorder is most likely to be diagnosed?

A) Anorexia nervosa
B) Bulimia nervosa
C) Disordered eating not otherwise specified
D) Excessive eating disorder

Question 19

The RDA for calcium for all adolescents is _________ with an upper level intake of _______.

A) 800 mg; 1000 mg
B) 3000 mg; 5000 mg
C) 1300 mg; 3000 mg
D) There is no RDA for calcium for adolescents

Question 20

Which of the following does NOT describe typical eating behavior in adolescents?

A) Skipped meals
B) Adequate fruit and vegetable intake
C) Frequent dependence on fast foods
D) Inadequate time for meals