Deck 6: Where it Starts—Photosynthesis

Question 1

Figure 6.5B


- Refer to the figure above illustrating the results from Engelmann's investigation.The best light to grow the alga in is ____,according to the figure.  

A) blue-violet
B) blue-green
C) green-yellow
D) yellow-orange
E) orange-red

Answer 1

blue-violet

Question 2

Actual assembly of sugars during photosynthesis ____.  

A) occurs during light-dependent reactions
B) takes place in the mitochondria
C) requires NADPH
D) yields ATP
E) requires oxygen

Answer 2

C

Question 3

What is the process by which plants capture energy from the sun and store it in organic molecules?  

A) Photosynthesis
B) Heterotrophy
C) Autotrophy
D) Biofuel production
E) ATP synthesis

Answer 3

A

Question 4

When an electron in a pigment molecule is absorbed by a photon,it ____.  

A) is always shared with another atom via a double bond
B) is always shared with another atom via a single bond
C) emits its extra energy and returns to its original energy level
D) moves to a higher energy level and remains there
E) moves to a lower energy level and remains there

Question 5

What is the process in which electron flow through electron transfer chains sets up a hydrogen ion gradient that drives ATP formation?  

A) Photosynthesis
B) Electron transfer phosphorylation
C) Electromagnetic radiation
D) Light-dependent reaction
E) Photolysis

Question 6

Which of the following organisms makes its own food using energy from the environment and carbon from inorganic molecules such as CO₂?  

A) Stromatosomes
B) Heterotrophs
C) Autotrophs
D) Eukaryotes
E) Bacteria

Question 7

Figure 6.5B


- Refer to the figure above illustrating the results from Engelmann's investigation.Englemann's experiment was designed to determine ____.  

A) what wavelengths comprise visible light
B) what colors attract bacteria
C) if bacteria are attracted to oxygen
D) if photosynthesis releases oxygen
E) if photosynthesis is impacted by the color of light

Question 8

In plant cells,chloroplasts are found ____.  

A) on the cell membrane
B) in the cytoplasm of the cell
C) in the stroma
D) in the thylakoids
E) in the central vacuole

Question 9

Sugars are formed in the chloroplasts ____.  

A) on the outer membrane
B) on the inner membrane
C) in the thylakoid compartment
D) in the stroma
E) within the thylakoid membrane

Question 10

Figure 6.5B


-Refer to the figure above illustrating the results from Engelmann's investigation.According to the figure,the most effective wavelength for photosynthesis is revealed by algae exposed to ____ nanometers.  

A) 680
B) 700
C) 400
D) 425
E) 550

Question 11

An organic molecule that selectively absorbs light of specific wavelengths is called _____________.  

A) pigment
B) protein
C) electromagnetic molecule
D) photosynthesizer
E) chlorophyll

Question 12

The ____ a photon's wavelength,the ____ its energy.  

A) shorter; greater
B) longer; greater
C) shorter; less
D) longer; more variable
E) shorter; more variable

Question 13

The light-dependent reactions do not produce ____.  

A) glucose
B) oxygen
C) ATP
D) NADPH
E) H⁺

Question 14

What is NOT a product of the light-independent reactions?  

A) ADP
B) NADP⁺
C) Oxygen
D) Glucose
E) Free phosphates

Question 15

____ are accessory pigments in photosynthesis that reflect blue and red wavelengths best.  

A) Carotenoids
B) Phycobilins
C) Anthocyanins
D) Chlorophyll b
E) Chlorophyll a

Question 16

During the light-dependent reactions,NADPH ____.  

A) is an enzyme
B) is the oxidized form of NADP⁺
C) accepts hydrogen and electrons from water
D) accepts hydrogen and electrons from carbohydrates
E) obtains energy from ATP

Question 17

What statement below characterizes pigments' function?  

A) They absorb some photons.
B) They reflect all photons.
C) They absorb photons of all colors.
D) They absorb photons of all wavelengths.
E) They absorb ultraviolet wavelengths.

Question 18

In the electromagnetic spectrum,____.  

A) infrared energy has the shortest wavelength
B) infrared radiation has more energy than red radiation
C) visible light has more energy than ultraviolet radiation
D) near-infrared radiation provides the energy for photosynthesis
E) visible light provides the energy for photosynthesis

Question 19

Chlorophyll does not absorb ____ wavelengths of light.  

A) red
B) yellow
C) orange
D) green
E) blue

Question 20

A pigment absorbs a photon if the energy of the photon is ____.  

A) exactly enough to boost an electron of the pigment to a higher energy level
B) slightly more than the energy of the electron absorbing the photon
C) significantly more than the energy of the electron absorbing the photon
D) exactly twice the energy of the electron absorbing the photon
E) significantly less than the energy of the electron absorbing the photon

Question 21

The first stable compound produced from CO₂ in the light-independent reaction is ____.  

A) phosphoglycerate (PGA)
B) ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)
C) phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL)
D) O₂
E) NADP⁺

Question 22

The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis ____.  

A) fix carbon dioxide
B) release oxygen
C) cannot occur in light
D) generate ATP
E) use ADP

Question 23

Matching. Choose the one most appropriate description.

-Cyclic pathway of ATP formation

A)Incorporation of CO₂ into an organic molecule
B)Uses ATP and NADPH
C)Uses two PGAL
D)Produces ATP and NADPH
E)Uses an electron transfer chain to produce ATP, but does not produce NADPH or O₂

Question 24

Which statement best describes an electron transfer chain?  

A) It generates energy from carbohydrates.
B) It is used by cells to dispose of excess electrons.
C) It utilizes ATP to synthesize nutrients.
D) It transfers energy, stepwise, from one compound to another.
E) It requires activation by oxygen.

Question 25

The electrons for photosynthesis come from ____.  

A) ATP
B) electrolytes
C) NADP⁺
D) chlorophyll a
E) H₂O

Question 26

The process of photolysis ____.  

A) is a function of the cyclic pathway
B) involves photosystem I
C) involves the splitting of visible light into its components
D) is the source of water in photosynthesis
E) directly replaces electrons lost by P680

Question 27

What is present in both the light-dependent and light-independent reactions?  

A) ATP
B) Oxygen
C) Glucose
D) Rubisco
E) water

Question 28

Plant cells release hydrogen ions and oxygen from H₂O molecules in ____.  

A) photosystem I
B) photosystem II
C) cyclic photophosphorylation
D) the light independent reaction
E) carbon fixation

Question 29

The two photosystems of light-dependent reactions are designated ____.  

A) type 1 and type 2
B) type I and type II
C) photosystem A and photosystem B
D) photosystem 680 and photosystem 700
E) photosystem I and photosystem II

Question 30

A high concentration of H⁺ in the thylakoid compartment provides potential energy for the ____ by ____.  

A) breakdown of water; oxidation
B) production of ATP; ATP synthases
C) reduction of NADP⁺; an electron transfer chain
D) production of sugars; the light-independent reactions
E) production of O₂; photolysis

Question 31

What product of the light-dependent reactions is released directly into the environment?  

A) O₂
B) CO₂
C) NADPH
D) ATP
E) Hydrogen ions

Question 32

The proteins associated with the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis are located ____.  

A) on the outer membranes of the chloroplast
B) in the stroma
C) on the thylakoid membrane
D) throughout the cytoplasm of plant cells
E) in the thylakoid compartment

Question 33

Which of the following is a large protein complex in the thylakoid membrane,which consists of pigments and other molecules that convert light energy to chemical energy in photosynthesis?  

A) Photosystem
B) Photosynthesizer
C) Photolysis
D) Electron transfer phosphorylation
E) Stomata

Question 34

Photorespiration results in ____.  

A) increased oxygen level inside plants
B) decreased CO₂ level in plant tissues
C) production of starch
D) the same amount of PGA compared to photosynthesis
E) lower carbohydrate production efficiency

Question 35

The C4 pathway ____.  

A) produces large amounts of carbohydrates
B) is less efficient than the C3 pathway
C) is the mechanism of photorespiration
D) involves the activity of rubisco
E) fixes carbon twice

Question 36

The CAM pathway ____.
 

A) involves only the Calvin-Benson cycle
B) involves only the C4 cycle
C) is used by plants in humid regions
D) is also known as photorespiration
E) needs day and night for completion

Question 37

The process in which carbon from an inorganic source,such as carbon dioxide,gets incorporated into an organic molecule is called ____________.  

A) carbon fixation
B) the Calvin-Benson cycle
C) light-dependent reaction
D) metabolic regeneration
E) phosphate-group transfer

Question 38

What is a required input for the light-independent reactions?  

A) NADPH
B) Phosphoglyceric acid (PGA)
C) Phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL)
D) Glucose
E) Ribulose bisphosphate

Question 39

The oxygen released in photosynthesis comes from ____.  

A) carbon dioxide
B) glucose
C) ribulose bisphosphate
D) water
E) atmospheric oxygen

Question 40

Which of the following has the most stored energy?  

A) Phosphoglycerate (PGA)
B) Ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)
C) Phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL)
D) Glucose
E) Rubisco

Question 41

Classification. The processes listed below represent major chemical pathways in photosynthesis. Respond to the following statements with reference to these five processes.
a.Light-dependent reactions
b.CAM pathway
c.Carbon fixation
d.Calvin-Benson cycle
e.C4 pathway
PGAL molecules are formed from the reaction of PGA molecules with ATP and NADPH in this pathway.

Question 42

Matching. Choose the one most appropriate description.

-The formation of glucose

A)Incorporation of CO₂ into an organic molecule
B)Uses ATP and NADPH
C)Uses two PGAL
D)Produces ATP and NADPH
E)Uses an electron transfer chain to produce ATP, but does not produce NADPH or O₂

Question 43

Classification. The five reactions listed below occur during the noncyclic pathway of ATP formation. Use them to respond to the following statements.
a.Reduction of NADP+
b.Phosphorylation of ADP
c.Photolysis of water
d.Excitation of chlorophyll
e.Reduction of chlorophyll
The final step that occurs during noncyclic ATP formation.

Question 44

Matching. Choose the one most appropriate description.

-Carbon fixation

A)Incorporation of CO₂ into an organic molecule
B)Uses ATP and NADPH
C)Uses two PGAL
D)Produces ATP and NADPH
E)Uses an electron transfer chain to produce ATP, but does not produce NADPH or O₂

Question 45

Classification. The five reactions listed below occur during the noncyclic pathway of ATP formation. Use them to respond to the following statements.
a.Reduction of NADP+
b.Phosphorylation of ADP
c.Photolysis of water
d.Excitation of chlorophyll
e.Reduction of chlorophyll
This results when chlorophyll gains electrons from water molecules.

Question 46

Classification. The five reactions listed below occur during the noncyclic pathway of ATP formation. Use them to respond to the following statements.
a.Reduction of NADP+
b.Phosphorylation of ADP
c.Photolysis of water
d.Excitation of chlorophyll
e.Reduction of chlorophyll
This process releases electrons to replace those lost from chlorophyll in noncyclic ATP formation.

Question 47

Classification. The processes listed below represent major chemical pathways in photosynthesis. Respond to the following statements with reference to these five processes.
a.Light-dependent reactions
b.CAM pathway
c.Carbon fixation
d.Calvin-Benson cycle
e.C4 pathway
This is a carbon-fixing system that separates two carbon fixations into night and day activities.

Question 48

Matching. Choose the one most appropriate description.

-The PGA to PGAL conversion

A)Incorporation of CO₂ into an organic molecule
B)Uses ATP and NADPH
C)Uses two PGAL
D)Produces ATP and NADPH
E)Uses an electron transfer chain to produce ATP, but does not produce NADPH or O₂

Question 49

Matching. Choose the one most appropriate description.

-Noncyclic pathway of ATP formation

A)Incorporation of CO₂ into an organic molecule
B)Uses ATP and NADPH
C)Uses two PGAL
D)Produces ATP and NADPH
E)Uses an electron transfer chain to produce ATP, but does not produce NADPH or O₂

Question 50

Classification. The processes listed below represent major chemical pathways in photosynthesis. Respond to the following statements with reference to these five processes.
a.Light-dependent reactions
b.CAM pathway
c.Carbon fixation
d.Calvin-Benson cycle
e.C4 pathway
In this process,carbon dioxide is incorporated first into an unstable intermediate compound and then into phosphoglycerate.

Question 51

Classification. The five reactions listed below occur during the noncyclic pathway of ATP formation. Use them to respond to the following statements.
a.Reduction of NADP+
b.Phosphorylation of ADP
c.Photolysis of water
d.Excitation of chlorophyll
e.Reduction of chlorophyll
When light energy is absorbed by a leaf,this will be the first result.

Question 52

Classification. The five reactions listed below occur during the noncyclic pathway of ATP formation. Use them to respond to the following statements.
a.Reduction of NADP+
b.Phosphorylation of ADP
c.Photolysis of water
d.Excitation of chlorophyll
e.Reduction of chlorophyll
High-energy phosphate bonds are formed during this process.

Question 53

Matching. Match the pigment with its relationship to sunlight.
a.Chlorophyll b
b.Chlorophyll a
c.Phycoerythrobilin
d.Phycocyanobilin
e.Beta-carotene
____ is responsible for red color in cyanobacteria.

Question 54

Matching. Match the pigment with its relationship to sunlight.
a.Chlorophyll b
b.Chlorophyll a
c.Phycoerythrobilin
d.Phycocyanobilin
e.Beta-carotene
____ absorbs only blue light.

Question 55

Matching. Match the pigment with its relationship to sunlight.
a.Chlorophyll b
b.Chlorophyll a
c.Phycoerythrobilin
d.Phycocyanobilin
e.Beta-carotene
____ is the primary pigment in photosynthetic plants.

Question 56

Matching. Match the pigment with its relationship to sunlight.
a.Chlorophyll b
b.Chlorophyll a
c.Phycoerythrobilin
d.Phycocyanobilin
e.Beta-carotene
____ causes some fruits and vegetables to appear orange or yellow.

Question 57

Classification. The processes listed below represent major chemical pathways in photosynthesis. Respond to the following statements with reference to these five processes.
a.Light-dependent reactions
b.CAM pathway
c.Carbon fixation
d.Calvin-Benson cycle
e.C4 pathway
This yields NADPH as well as ATP.

Question 58

Classification. The processes listed below represent major chemical pathways in photosynthesis. Respond to the following statements with reference to these five processes.

- This carbon-fixing system uses CO₂ from inside the plant,and precedes the Calvin-Benson cycle.

A)Light-dependent reactions
B)CAM pathway
C)Carbon fixation
D)Calvin-Benson cycle
E)C4 pathway

Question 59

Matching. Match the pigment with its relationship to sunlight.
a.Chlorophyll b
b.Chlorophyll a
c.Phycoerythrobilin
d.Phycocyanobilin
e.Beta-carotene
____ causes some protists to appear blue.

Question 60

Use the figure below to match the pigments' description with their absorption spectra.
Figure 6.5C



-Potent antioxidant and signaling molecule found in carrots

A)Peak A
B)Peak B
C)Peak C
D)Peak D
E)Peak E

Question 61

Use the figure below to match the pigments' description with their absorption spectra.
Figure 6.5C



-Main pigment in photosynthetic plants

A)Peak A
B)Peak B
C)Peak C
D)Peak D
E)Peak E

Question 62

A trip to space finds a planet rich with green light.Scientists hope to introduce a photosynthetic organism to this planet.What sort of organism should they choose?

Question 63

Consider the Calvin-Benson cycle and the noncyclic photosynthetic pathway.Why is the cyclic pathway so important?

Question 64

The splitting of water produces three products.Name and discuss the role of each.

Question 65

Use the figure below to match the pigments' description with their absorption spectra.
Figure 6.5C



-Allows algae in deep sea waters to survive by absorbing green and blue-green light

A)Peak A
B)Peak B
C)Peak C
D)Peak D
E)Peak E

Question 66

Use the figure below to match the pigments' description with their absorption spectra.
Figure 6.5C



-Accessory pigment in red flowers

A)Peak A
B)Peak B
C)Peak C
D)Peak D
E)Peak E

Question 67

Use the figure below to match the pigments' description with their absorption spectra.
Figure 6.5C



-Closely related to chlorophyll a

A)Peak A
B)Peak B
C)Peak C
D)Peak D
E)Peak E

Question 68

Both C4 and CAM plants have modified carbon fixation.How do they each perform carbon fixation and what is the benefit of each of these types of carbon fixation?

Question 69

Any light-driven reaction that attaches phosphate to a molecule is called ____________________.