Deck 5: Evidence Informed Practice and Research Literacy

Question 1

Which type of research is subjective and narrative-based?

A) Systematic
B) Predictive
C) Qualitative
D) Quantitative

Answer 1

C
Explanation: Qualitative research is exploratory research that is more subjective and narrative-based. Data collected are non-numeric and may appear in the form of observations or interviews (individual or group; structured or semi-structured) used to describe human behavior, life experiences, or common themes, which deepen our understanding of a phenomenon.

Question 2

Which term means recorded factual material that is used to validate research findings?

A) Data
B) Placebo
C) Variable
D) Evidence

Answer 2

A
Explanation: Data refers to recorded factual material that is used to validate research findings. Data may be in the form of questionnaires, surveys, polls, or interventions, depending on the type of data needed to answer the research question.

Question 3

Which term means the steps taken to conduct the research experiment?

A) Data
B) Conclusions
C) Methods
D) Hypothesis

Answer 3

C
Explanation: Methods are the steps taken to conduct the experiment. Methods are also called protocols or procedures. Methods includes details about the participants, the setting or where the investigation was conducted, and how data will be collected and analyzed, allowing the reader to critically evaluate a study's overall validity and reliability.

Question 4

Which statement describes the concept of validity in research?

A) Test result is close to the actual value of what was measured
B) Alternative treatment was compared to the treatment of interest
C) Same test result is likely to occur if the experiment is repeated
D) Degree to which a test measured what it was supposed to measure

Question 5

During which process are research participants advised of the risks and benefits of the experiment?

A) Data collection
B) Results analysis
C) Health history
D) Informed consent

Question 6

Which activity involves the ability to locate, read, understand, and evaluate investigative studies?

A) Digital competency
B) Massage competency
C) Research literacy
D) Computer literacy

Question 7

Which term means a personal tendency toward a preference or outcome?

A) Bias
B) Sample
C) Variable
D) Blinded

Question 8

Which factor does the researcher manipulate or control during an experiment?

A) Dependent variable
B) Independent variable
C) Qualitative data
D) Quantitative data

Question 9

Which term means information that supports an idea or conclusion?

A) Data
B) Placebo
C) Variable
D) Evidence

Question 10

Which type of research emphasizes objective measurements and statistic, mathematic, or numeric data analysis?

A) Systematic
B) Predictive
C) Qualitative
D) Quantitative

Question 11

Which part of research is anything that can be changed in an experiment that might influence the outcome?

A) Sample
B) Variable
C) Result
D) Analysis

Question 12

Which step occurs after the research question has been formulated?

A) Participant recruitment
B) Variable determination
C) Method determination
D) Literature review

Question 13

Which statement describes the concept of reliability in research?

A) Alternative treatment was compared to the treatment of interest
B) Test result is close to the actual value of what was measured
C) Same test result is likely to occur if the experiment is repeated
D) Degree to which a test measured what it was supposed to measure

Question 14

Which term means systematic inquiry using prescribed methods to validate or refine existing knowledge or to develop new knowledge?

A) Abstract
B) Research
C) Hypothesis
D) Evidence

Question 15

Which process is used to conduct investigations and pursue knowledge within a field?

A) Peer review
B) Scientific method
C) Secondary sourcing
D) Therapeutic outcome

Question 16

Which type of complementary care is one of the most common used by the general public?

A) Massage therapy
B) Alexander techniques
C) Yoga
D) Meditation

Question 17

Which factor is a barrier to evidence-informed practice?

A) Knowledge of statistical information
B) Lack of information literacy skills
C) Requirements by administration to incorporate information
D) Preference for computerized sources over information from colleagues

Question 18

Which term means making therapeutic treatment decisions by integrating relevant research, the massage therapist's clinical expertise, and the client's preferences and values?

A) Dynamic functioning
B) Behavior modification
C) Evidence-informed practice
D) Integrative-holistic practice

Question 19

Which factor is the presumed effect from the procedure used in research?

A) Dependent variable
B) Independent variable
C) Qualitative data
D) Quantitative data

Question 20

Which part of research is the presumed outcome of an experiment?

A) Results
B) Sample
C) Hypothesis
D) Conclusion

Question 21

Which extension means a web address is a learning site?

A) .org
B) .gov
C) .edu
D) .net

Question 22

Which result occurs from a combination of formal education, knowledge accumulation, past treatment decisions, and past patient care outcomes?

A) Research methodology
B) Clinical expertise
C) Research literacy
D) Clinical preferences

Question 23

Which source of information is likely to be the most reliable?

A) Magazine
B) Online commercial site
C) Trade journal
D) Peer-reviewed academic journal

Question 24

Which type of periodical informs a profession about industry trends, new techniques or products, research, or news within an organization?

A) Newspaper
B) Trade journal
C) Popular magazine
D) Scientific journal

Question 25

Which description fits a massage therapist who perceives situations as wholes rather than chopped up parts?

A) Novice
B) Competent
C) Proficient
D) Expert

Question 26

Which statement describes delimitations in an investigative study?

A) Boundaries the researcher sets
B) Potential weaknesses or problems
C) Things the researcher accepts as true
D) Variables outside of the study

Question 27

Which term means characteristics that would disqualify a potential participant from being in an experiment?

A) Qualitative data
B) Exclusion criteria
C) Independent variables
D) Dependent variables

Question 28

Which description fits a massage therapist whose clinical behavior is rule-governed and inflexible?

A) Novice
B) Competent
C) Proficient
D) Expert

Question 29

Which approach is based on hearsay rather than the research process?

A) Metanalysis
B) Cohort study
C) Case report
D) Anecdote

Question 30

Which type of research follows a group of participants across a period of time?

A) Anecdote
B) Cohort study
C) Case report
D) Metanalysis

Question 31

What is the first step when implementing evidence informed practice?

A) Formulate a question
B) Identify the problem
C) Search for data
D) Apply the intervention

Question 32

Which research term means a group of individuals used to represent the entire population?

A) Data
B) Sample
C) Variable
D) Hypothesis

Question 33

Which type of publication is most likely to be peer reviewed?

A) Newspaper
B) Trade journal
C) Popular magazine
D) Scientific journal

Question 34

Which group evaluates and approves a study before it begins, monitors the study throughout the data collection, investigates any incidents that occur during the study, and evaluates the final report?

A) Community Action Board
B) Institutional Review Board
C) Human Rights Commission
D) Commission for Liberty and Justice

Question 35

Which term describes a system used to rank research based on strength of evidence?

A) Research literacy
B) Quantitative research
C) Hierarchy of evidence
D) Evidence-based practice

Question 36

Which term means a group of people that receives something other than the treatment studied during an experiment?

A) Sham
B) Independent
C) Treatment
D) Control

Question 37

When do research scientists analyze data?

A) During the design of the research study
B) After it has been collected
C) Before it has been collected
D) During the determination of the hypothesis

Question 38

Which term means the outcome of an experiment?

A) Results
B) Criteria
C) Variables
D) Hypothesis

Question 39

Which research is considered the highest quality of evidence?

A) Anecdote
B) Cohort study
C) Case report
D) Systematic review

Question 40

Which aspect of evidence informed practice impacts patient adherence and compliance?

A) Including patient preferences
B) Researching patient conditions
C) Having clinical expertise about the patient
D) Determining what is best for the patient

Question 41

What does the P in the P-I-C-O method stand for?

A) Physiology
B) Preference
C) Patient
D) Pertinent