Deck 12: The Heart

Question 1

Which statement is NOT true of the pericardial membranes?

A)The visceral pericardium is also called the epicardium.
B)Serous fluid prevents friction as the heart beats.
C)The parietal pericardium is lined with fibrous pericardium.
D)The fibrous pericardium is attached to the great vessels of the heart.

Answer 1

The parietal pericardium is lined with fibrous pericardium.

Question 2

The heart is ____ to the lungs and ____ to the diaphragm.

A)medial/superior
B)lateral/superior
C)medial/inferior
D)lateral/inferior

Answer 2

medial/superior

Question 3

Within the chambers of the heart, clotting is prevented by the:

A)smooth endocardium
B)smooth epicardium
C)smooth myocardium
D)smooth pericardium

Answer 3

smooth endocardium

Question 4

The name for the lining of the chambers of the heart is:

A)mesocardium
B)myocardium
C)epicardium
D)endocardium

Question 5

The middle layer of the pericardial membranes is the:

A)parietal pericardium
B)fibrous pericardium
C)endocardium
D)visceral pericardium

Question 6

The pericardial membranes, in order beginning with the outermost, are the:

A)visceral, fibrous, parietal
B)fibrous, parietal, visceral
C)parietal, visceral, fibrous
D)fibrous, visceral, parietal

Question 7

The myocardium is found:

A)lining the chambers of the heart
B)forming the walls of the chambers of the heart
C)lining the fibrous pericardium
D)external to the visceral pericardium

Question 8

The area in the ____ cavity in which the heart is located is called the ____.

A)thoracic/mediastinum
B)dorsal/pericardial space
C)thoracic/pericardial space
D)dorsal/mediastinum

Question 9

The function of the endocardium is to:

A)pump blood
B)prevent friction
C)prevent abnormal clotting
D)prevent excessive contraction

Question 10

As the heart beats, friction between the pericardial membranes is prevented by:

A)serous fluid
B)plasma
C)mucus
D)endocardial fluid

Question 11

The epicardium is another name for the:

A)fibrous pericardium
B)endocardium
C)parietal pericardium
D)visceral pericardium

Question 12

The fibrous pericardium:

A)forms a sac around the heart
B)is attached to the bases of the great vessels
C)both A and B
D)both A and B and superiorly is attached to the diaphragm

Question 13

The name for the muscular walls of the chambers of the heart is:

A)mesocardium
B)myocardium
C)epicardium
D)endocardium

Question 14

Which statement is NOT true of the location of the heart?

A)The heart is within the mediastinum.
B)The heart is medial to the lungs.
C)The heart is inferior to the diaphragm.
D)The heart is encircled and protected by the rib cage.

Question 15

The outer layer of the pericardial membranes is the:

A)parietal pericardium
B)fibrous pericardium
C)endocardium
D)visceral pericardium

Question 16

The lungs are ____ to the heart, and the diaphragm is ____ to the heart.

A)medial/superior
B)lateral/superior
C)medial/inferior
D)lateral/inferior

Question 17

The inner layer of the pericardial membranes is the:

A)parietal pericardium
B)fibrous pericardium
C)endocardium
D)visceral pericardium

Question 18

The function of the myocardium is to:

A)pump blood
B)prevent friction
C)prevent abnormal clotting
D)prevent excessive contraction

Question 19

The function of the serous fluid between the parietal pericardium and visceral pericardium is to:

A)help pump blood
B)prevent friction
C)prevent abnormal blood clotting
D)prevent prolonged contraction

Question 20

The endocardium is found:

A)lining the chambers of the heart
B)lining the fibrous pericardium
C)throughout the heart muscle
D)lining the epicardium

Question 21

The ventricle with the thicker walls is the ____ ventricle, because it pumps blood to the ____.

A)right/lungs
B)left/body
C)right/body
D)left/lungs

Question 22

The left ventricle pumps blood into the ____, to the ____.

A)aorta/body
B)pulmonary artery/body
C)aorta/lungs
D)pulmonary artery/lungs

Question 23

The veins that return blood from the lungs to the left atrium are the:

A)aortic veins
B)caval veins
C)pulmonary veins
D)systemic veins

Question 24

The superior and inferior caval veins return blood from the ____ to the ____.

A)body/right atrium
B)lungs/right atrium
C)body/left atrium
D)lungs/left atrium

Question 25

The vein that returns blood from the lower body to the right atrium is the:

A)superior vena cava
B)inferior vena cava
C)aortic vein
D)pulmonary vein

Question 26

The atria of the heart are the ____ chambers, and when blood pressure rises, they produce the hormone ____.

A)lower/ADH
B)upper/ANP
C)lower/ANP
D)upper/ADH

Question 27

The function of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is to:

A)lower blood volume to lower blood pressure
B)lower blood volume to raise blood pressure
C)increase blood volume to raise blood pressure
D)increase blood volume to lower blood pressure

Question 28

The pulmonary artery takes blood from the:

A)left ventricle to the lungs
B)left ventricle to the body
C)right ventricle to the lungs
D)right ventricle to the body

Question 29

The flaps of the AV valves of the heart are anchored by the:

A)chordae tendineae and papillary muscles
B)endocardium and coronary muscles
C)chordae tendineae and coronary muscles
D)endocardium and papillary muscles

Question 30

The function of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is to:

A)decrease sodium and water excretion by the large intestine
B)increase sodium and water excretion by the kidneys
C)increase sodium and water excretion by the large intestine
D)decrease sodium and water excretion by the kidneys

Question 31

The aorta takes blood from the:

A)left ventricle to the lungs
B)left ventricle to the body
C)right ventricle to the lungs
D)right ventricle to the body

Question 32

The vessel that takes blood from the right ventricle to the lungs is the:

A)aorta
B)pulmonary vein
C)pulmonary artery
D)aortic vein

Question 33

The right ventricle pumps blood into the ____, to the ____.

A)aorta/body
B)pulmonary artery/body
C)aorta/lungs
D)pulmonary artery/lungs

Question 34

Which statement is NOT true of the atria of the heart?

A)They are the upper chambers and have thin walls.
B)They produce the hormone ANP when blood pressure rises.
C)The right atrium receives blood from the lower body.
D)The left atrium receives blood from the upper body.

Question 35

The vessel that takes blood from the left ventricle to the body is the:

A)aorta
B)pulmonary vein
C)pulmonary artery
D)aortic vein

Question 36

The fibrous skeleton of the heart:

A)separates the electrical activity of the atria and the ventricles
B)anchors the outer edges of the valves of the heart
C)both A and B
D)both A and B, and it is made of bone.

Question 37

The vein that returns blood from the upper body to the right atrium is the:

A)superior vena cava
B)inferior vena cava
C)aortic vein
D)pulmonary vein

Question 38

The general function of the valves of the heart is to:

A)help pump blood
B)prevent friction
C)prevent backflow of blood
D)keep the blood moving

Question 39

Which statement is NOT true of the ventricles of the heart?

A)The septum between them is made of myocardium.
B)They are the lower chambers.
C)The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs.
D)The left ventricle has thin walls because the blood it pumps is only going to the body.

Question 40

The pulmonary veins return blood from the ____ to the ____.

A)body/right atrium
B)lungs/right atrium
C)body/left atrium
D)lungs/left atrium

Question 41

The blood vessels that circulate blood throughout the heart itself are called:

A)cardiac vessels
B)coronary vessels
C)myocardium vessels
D)collateral vessels

Question 42

Which statement is NOT true of the valves of the heart?

A)The mitral valve prevents backflow of blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle.
B)The aortic semilunar valve prevents backflow of blood to the left ventricle when the ventricle relaxes.
C)The tricuspid valve prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium.
D)The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents backflow of blood from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle.

Question 43

The valve that prevents backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium is the:

A)mitral valve
B)aortic semilunar valve
C)tricuspid valve
D)pulmonary semilunar valve

Question 44

For the heart muscle, the most important substance in the blood is:

A)glucose
B)iron
C)protein
D)oxygen

Question 45

The function of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles is to:

A)anchor the heart to the pericardial membranes
B)anchor the flaps of the AV valves
C)anchor the flaps of the semilunar valves
D)anchor the interior walls of the ventricles

Question 46

The term for relaxation of the chambers of the heart is:

A)blood pressure
B)diastole
C)systole
D)hypotension

Question 47

The aortic semilunar valve prevents backflow of blood from the ____ to the ____.

A)aorta/left atrium
B)aorta/left ventricle
C)aortic vein/right atrium
D)aortic vein/right ventricle

Question 48

In one cardiac cycle, when the ventricles are in systole, the atria are in:

A)Diastole
B)Systole
C)systole followed by diastole
D)diastole followed by systole

Question 49

The term for contraction of chambers of the heart is:

A)blood pressure
B)systole
C)diastole
D)hypertension

Question 50

The coronary sinus is the union of the coronary ____ and returns blood to the ____.

A)veins/left atrium
B)arteries/right atrium
C)veins/right atrium
D)arteries/left atrium

Question 51

During one cardiac cycle:

A)the atria contract together, followed by the ventricles contracting together
B)the ventricles contract together, followed by the atria contracting together
C)the right atrium contracts first, followed by the left atrium and then the ventricles
D)the left atrium contracts first, followed by the right atrium and then the ventricles

Question 52

With respect to the heart, systole means ____ and diastole means ____.

A)faster heart rate/slower heart rate
B)contraction/relaxation
C)relaxation/contraction
D)slower heart rate/faster heart rate

Question 53

The coronary arteries are branches of the ____ and supply ____ to the myocardium.

A)pulmonary artery/nutrients
B)aorta/oxygen
C)superior vena cava/nutrients
D)inferior vena cava/oxygen

Question 54

The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents backflow of blood from the ____ to the ____.

A)pulmonary veins/right atrium
B)pulmonary artery/left ventricle
C)pulmonary veins/left atrium
D)pulmonary artery/right ventricle

Question 55

The valve that prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium is the:

A)mitral valve
B)aortic semilunar valve
C)tricuspid valve
D)pulmonary semilunar valve

Question 56

The aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves prevent backflow of blood from the:

A)ventricles to the atria when the ventricles relax
B)arteries to the ventricles when the ventricles contract
C)ventricles to the atria when the ventricles contract
D)arteries to the ventricles when the ventricles relax

Question 57

In the cardiac cycle, which statement is true of blood flow from the atria to the ventricles?

A)All blood flows passively.
B)Most blood flows passively.
C)Most blood is actively pumpeD.D.All blood is actively pumped.

Question 58

The cardiac cycle is the:

A)sequence in which blood flows through the heart valves
B)pathway of blood throughout the body and lungs
C)pathway of blood through the heart
D)sequence of events in one heartbeat

Question 59

The right and left AV valves prevent backflow of blood from the:

A)ventricles to the atria when the ventricles relax
B)arteries to the ventricles when the ventricles contract
C)ventricles to the atria when the ventricles contract
D)arteries to the ventricles when the ventricles relax

Question 60

The sequence of events in one heartbeat is called the:

A)conduction cycle
B)SA pathway
C)cardiac pathway
D)cardiac cycle

Question 61

The amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in one minute is called the:

A)stroke volume
B)minute cardiac volume
C)ventricular output
D)cardiac output

Question 62

In the cardiac cycle, which statement is true of blood flow from the ventricles to the arteries?

A)All blood flows passively.
B)Most blood flows passively.
C)Most blood is actively pumped.
D)All blood is actively pumped.

Question 63

In the cardiac cycle, which statement is true?

A)All blood is actively pumped from the ventricles.
B)Most blood is actively pumped from the atria.
C)All blood is actively pumped into the ventricles.
D)Most blood is actively pumped into the atria.

Question 64

Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped by a ventricle in one:

A)beat
B)minute
C)hour
D)day

Question 65

The amount of blood pumped by a ventricle in one beat is called the:

A)stroke volume
B)contraction volume
C)cardiac output
D)ventricular output

Question 66

The normal range of resting heart rate for a near-term fetus is:

A)60-80 bpm
B)70-90 bpm
C)80-90 bpm
D)100-140 bpm

Question 67

To calculate cardiac output:

A)add stroke volume and pulse
B)subtract stroke volume from pulse
C)multiply stroke volume times pulse
D)divide pulse by stroke volume.

Question 68

If cardiac output is 4225 mL and pulse is 65 bpm, what is stroke volume?

A)60 mL
B)65 mL
C)70 mL
D)75 mL

Question 69

Which statement is true of the left side of the heart?

A)It receives blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs.
B)It receives blood from the body and pumps it to the body.
C)It receives blood from the lungs and pumps it to the body.
D)It receives blood from the lungs and pumps it to the lungs.

Question 70

The parts of the cardiac conduction pathway that bring about contraction of the ventricles are the:

A)AV node, Purkinje fibers, and bundle branches
B)bundle of His, SA node, and AV node
C)AV node, bundle branches, and SA node
D)bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers

Question 71

The cardiac conduction pathway consists of:

A)specialized cardiac muscle cells within the heart
B)nerve cell pathways within the heart
C)both A and B
D)both A and B and the skeleton of the heart

Question 72

If stroke volume is 75 mL and pulse is 70 bpm, what is cardiac output?

A)5250 mL
B)5350 mL
C)5450 mL
D)5550 mL

Question 73

Which sequence correctly describes blood flow?

A)right heart to lungs to left heart to body to right heart
B)left heart to right heart to body to lungs to left heart
C)left heart to lungs to right heart to body to left heart
D)right heart to left heart to lungs to body to right heart

Question 74

Which statement is NOT true of the cardiac conduction pathway?

A)The bundle of His is involved in contraction of the ventricles.
B)The SA node is located in the wall of the right ventricle.
C)The SA node initiates each heartbeat.
D)The Purkinje fibers are involved in ventricular contraction.

Question 75

If cardiac output is 6000 mL and pulse is 80 bpm, what is stroke volume?

A)65 mL
B)70 mL
C)75 mL
D)80 mL

Question 76

The part of the heart that initiates each beat is the:

A)AV node
B)SA node
C)AV bundle
D)bundle of His

Question 77

Which statement is true of the right side of the heart?

A)It receives blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs.
B)It receives blood from the body and pumps it to the body.
C)It receives blood from the lungs and pumps it to the body.
D)It receives blood from the lungs and pumps it to the lungs.

Question 78

The impulse for contraction of the heart passes from the atria to the ventricles at the:

A)AV node to bundle of His
B)SA node to AV node
C)bundle of His to AV node
D)SA node to bundle of His

Question 79

The normal range of resting heart rate for a healthy adult is:

A)50-70 bpm
B)60-80 bpm
C)90-100 bpm
D)80-110 bpm

Question 80

Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in one:

A)beat
B)minute
C)hour
D)day