Deck 7: Proteins: Lifes Building Blocks

Question 1

Proteins

A) are comprised of amino acids.
B) are essential nutrients.
C) have iron in their chemical structures.
D) provide about 7 kcal/gram.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Every amino acid has _____ in its chemical structure.

A) nitrogen
B) iron
C) chloride
D) potassium

Answer 2

A

Question 3

_____ is an essential amino acid.

A) Aspartic acid
B) Serine
C) Alanine
D) Lysine

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Collagen and fibrin are examples of transport proteins.
B) Proteins are your cells' primary energy source.
C) Your body uses excess dietary protein to form the antibodies that cause infections.
D) Structural proteins include keratin.

Question 5

The "carbon skeleton" of an amino acid has the ____ attached to the anchor carbon atom.

A) acid group and the R-group
B) amino group and an ammonia molecule
C) amino group and the R-group
D) acid group and a sulfur atom

Question 6

A team of food scientists wants to develop a nutritionally complete formula for newborns that replaces human milk. To support normal infant development, the formula must have _____ as an ingredient.

A) glutamic acid
B) aspartic acid
C) alanine
D) methionine

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Proteins in your blood help maintain proper acid-base balance.
B) Your body uses excess dietary protein to form the antibodies that cause infections.
C) Structural proteins include fibrin and insulin.
D) Proteins are your cells' primary energy source.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Structural proteins include fibrin and insulin.
B) Your body uses excess dietary protein to form ketone bodies.
C) Proteins are your cells' primary energy source.
D) Your body uses proteins to make antibodies.

Question 9

Proteins

A) are essential nutrients that have a variety of functions.
B) provide about 7 kcal/gram.
C) have nitrogen in their chemical structures.
D) are comprised of glucose molecules.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Your body uses proteins to hydrogenate glucose in cell membranes.
B) Portions of protein molecules bind to excess nitrogen in blood.
C) Many hormones, including insulin, are proteins.
D) Proteins are the primary sources of energy for cells.

Question 11

Proteins

A) are essential nutrients that have a variety of functions.
B) are comprised of glucose molecules.
C) provide about 4 kcal/gram.
D) have fatty acids in their chemical structures.

Question 12

A _____ remains when the nitrogen-containing portion of an amino acid is removed.

A) fatty acid
B) glucose molecule
C) carbon skeleton
D) dipeptide fragment

Question 13

Which of the following amino acids is a dietary essential?

A) aspartic acid
B) serine
C) phenylalanine
D) alanine

Question 14

A team of food scientists wants to develop a nutritionally complete formula for newborns that replaces human milk. To support normal infant development, the formula must have _____ as an ingredient.

A) alanine
B) tryptophan
C) glutamic acid
D) aspartic acid

Question 15

The chemical attraction between two amino acids forms a(an)

A) fatty acid chain.
B) emulsified polypeptide.
C) partially-hydrogenated protein.
D) peptide bond.

Question 16

Makeda has African ancestry. Her DNA contains a single mutation that provides incorrect instructions for the production of hemoglobin. Based on this information, Makeda has _____.

A) protein-calorie malnutrition
B) kidney stones
C) celiac disease
D) sickle-cell anemia

Question 17

A team of food scientists wants to develop a nutritionally complete formula diet for newborns that replaces human milk. To support normal infant development, the formula must have _____ as an ingredient.

A) lysine
B) DNA
C) ammonia
D) alanine

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Protein is the primary energy source for the human body.
B) All hormones are proteins.
C) Mucin is a tough protein that your body uses to form blood clots.
D) Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen

Question 19

_____ is an essential amino acid.

A) Aspartic acid
B) Asparagine
C) Methionine
D) Alanine

Question 20

_____ is an essential amino acid.

A) Threonine
B) Asparagine
C) Alanine
D) Serine

Question 21

Which of the following foods are not usually associated with food allergy?

A) Wheat and shellfish
B) Peanuts and other nuts
C) Fish and shellfish
D) Carrots and celery

Question 22

A scientist discovers a chemical that's simply a chain of four amino acids. Each amino acid is connected to the other by a peptide bond. Based on the information, the chemical is a

A) polypeptide.
B) sterol.
C) monoglyceride.
D) phospholipid.

Question 23

Benjamin is a healthy 21-year-old college student who is 5' 10" and weighs 176 pounds. Based on this information, his RDA for protein is _____ grams.

A) 141
B) 64
C) 49
D) 81

Question 24

Which of the following foods is often responsible for causing an allergic response in susceptible persons?

A) Broccoli
B) Green beans
C) Oatmeal
D) Eggs

Question 25

_____ forms when the nitrogen-containing group is removed from an amino acid.

A) Ammonia
B) Pepsin
C) Serine
D) Urine

Question 26

Bethaney is a healthy 20-year-old woman who weighs 50 kg. Based on this information, her RDA for protein is _____ grams.

A) 30
B) 40
C) 25
D) 35

Question 27

In the stomach, _____ participate in the chemical digestion of protein.

A) hydrochloric acid and pepsin
B) ammonia and salivary amylase
C) gastric lipase and mucus
D) bile and urea

Question 28

Luis is a healthy 23-year-old male who is 6' 2" and weighs 220 pounds. Based on this information, his RDA for protein is ____ grams.

A) 140
B) 80
C) 100
D) 120

Question 29

Instructions for making proteins are coded in your

A) ATP.
B) keratin.
C) DNA.
D) collagen.

Question 30

Marta is a healthy 22-year-old woman who weighs 132 pounds. Based on this information, her RDA for protein is _____ grams.

A) 108
B) 48
C) 88
D) 68

Question 31

A scientist discovers a chemical that's a chain of a hundred amino acids. Each amino acid is connected to the other by a

A) double bond.
B) peptide bond.
C) phospholipid molecule.
D) monoglyceride molecule.

Question 32

Isabella is a healthy 24-year-old female who weighs 156 pounds. Based on this information, her RDA for protein is about _____ grams.

A) 125
B) 57
C) 345
D) 47

Question 33

Marcus is a healthy 25-year-old male. His height is 6' 2", and he weighs 130 kg. Based on his body weight, his RDA for protein is _____ grams.

A) 87.2
B) 70.0
C) 47.2
D) 104.0

Question 34

Which of the following substances participates in the digestion of proteins?

A) pepsin
B) bile
C) lipase
D) amylase

Question 35

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Protein digestion cannot occur with the help of pancreatic amylase.
B) The absorptive cells of the small intestine remove acid groups from amino acids to form carbon skeletons.
C) The end products of protein digestion are amino acids.
D) A healthy person digests and absorbs about 40% of the protein in food.

Question 36

Evan is a healthy 24-year-old male who is 6' 2" and weighs 185 pounds. Based on this information, his RDA for protein is approximately _____ grams.

A) 47
B) 98
C) 67
D) 148

Question 37

Which of the following substances are the end products of protein digestion?

A) Ammonia molecules
B) R-groups
C) Amino acids
D) Carbon skeletons

Question 38

Which of the following substances participates in the digestion of proteins?

A) Gastric lipase
B) Salivary amylase
C) Hydrochloric acid
D) Urea

Question 39

Lucy has a disease that affects the functioning of her stomach. Based on this information, she may have difficulty digesting proteins because of a lack of

A) amylase.
B) pepsin.
C) lipase.
D) bile.

Question 40

Sarah is a healthy 24-year-old woman who is 5' 11" and weighs 178 pounds. Based on this information, her RDA for protein is about _____ grams.

A) 75
B) 55
C) 45
D) 65

Question 41

You would like to make chicken soup for a friend who has celiac disease. To make the soup according to the recipe, you need to cook chicken, celery, onions, barley, salt, pepper, bay leaf, and carrots in a large amount of water. Based on this information, how can you make the soup safe for your friend to eat?

A) Don't add the bay leaf.
B) Use a chicken-flavored bouillon cube instead of salt.
C) Add cooked egg noodles.
D) Replace the barley with rice.

Question 42

Jackson is a healthy 25-year-old college student. He usually consumes about 2800 kcal per day. According to AMDR guidelines, his range of protein intake is _____kcal per day.

A) 280 to 980
B) 450 to 900
C) 720 to 1400
D) 140 to 630

Question 43

Which of the following foods is a legume?

A) Beans
B) Squash
C) Peaches
D) Carrots

Question 44

Lily is 22 years of age. She usually consumes about 1800 kcal per day. According to AMDR guidelines, protein should comprise ____% of her total energy intake.

A) 10 to 35
B) 40 to 65
C) 20 to 45
D) 30 to 55

Question 45

Carmen is an active 7-year-old who is allergic to peanuts. While attending a classroom party, Carmen was accidentally exposed to peanuts, and she rapidly developed _____ as a result.

A) anaphylactic shock
B) gastroesophageal reflux disorder
C) intestinal ulcers
D) irritable bowel syndrome

Question 46

You would like to bake a special pudding for a friend who has celiac disease. The original pudding recipe is made with whole eggs, wheat flour, fat-free milk, brown sugar, vanilla, and unsalted butter. To make pudding that is safe for your friend to consume, you plan to substitute _____ for the ____ in the recipe.

A) safflower oil; unsalted butter
B) apple juice; fat-free milk
C) corn starch; wheat flour
D) honey; brown sugar

Question 47

Katrina is a healthy 20-year-old college student. She usually consumes about 1800 kcal per day. According to AMDR guidelines, her range of protein intake is _____kcal per day.

A) 720 to 1080
B) 90 to 360
C) 450 to 900
D) 180 to 630

Question 48

You would like to serve tacos for a friend who has celiac disease. To make the tacos, you need cooked chicken; canned salsa made with tomatoes, onions, and peppers; leaf lettuce; shredded Cheddar cheese; and flour tortillas. Based on this information, how can you make the tacos safe for your friend to eat?

A) Replace the flour tortillas with cornmeal tortillas.
B) Use shredded mozzarella cheese instead of Cheddar cheese.
C) Use homemade salsa instead of canned salsa.
D) Replace the leaf lettuce with baby spinach leaves.

Question 49

You are planning a party for a group of friends. Which of the following foods can you serve to everyone at the party without having to worry about your friend who has celiac disease?

A) Cherry pie
B) Chocolate-chip cookies
C) Rice pudding
D) Whole-wheat crackers

Question 50

Americans who are 2 years of age or older consume, on average, _____% of their total energy intake in the form of protein.

A) 20.5
B) 5.5
C) 15.5
D) 10.5

Question 51

You would like to bake a special birthday cake for a friend who has celiac disease. The original cake recipe is made with whole eggs, wheat flour, milk, sugar, vanilla, and butter. To make a cake that is safe for your friend to consume, you plan to substitute _____ for the ____ in the recipe.

A) cornmeal; flour
B) aspartame; sugar
C) water; milk
D) margarine; butter

Question 52

Martin is a healthy 22-year-old college student. He usually consumes about 2400 kcal per day. According to AMDR guidelines, his range of protein intake is _____kcal per day.

A) 720 to 1080
B) 450 to 900
C) 180 to 630
D) 240 to 840

Question 53

Which of the following foods is a legume?

A) Apples
B) Soybeans
C) Broccoli
D) Oatmeal

Question 54

Which of the following foods is a legume?

A) Broccoli
B) Peas
C) Carrots
D) Apples

Question 55

You are planning a party for a group of friends. Which of the following foods can you serve to everyone at the party without having to worry about your friend who has celiac disease?

A) Cherry pie
B) Fruit salad
C) Whole-wheat crackers
D) Pizza rolls

Question 56

A person suffering from celiac disease must avoid eating foods that contain

A) gluten.
B) animal protein.
C) phenylalanine.
D) glutamic acid.

Question 57

You would like to bake a special birthday cake for a friend who has celiac disease. The original cake recipe is made with eggs, wheat flour, orange juice, honey, vanilla, and butter. To make a cake that is safe for your friend to consume, you plan to substitute _____ for the ____ in the recipe.

A) milk; orange juice
B) rice flour; wheat flour
C) brown sugar; honey
D) corn oil; butter

Question 58

Ted is 10 years of age and is allergic to eggs. If he accidentally eats some egg, he quickly develops

A) colitis.
B) bruises.
C) hives.
D) ulcers.

Question 59

When Thompson was 5 years of age, he began to complain that his stomach hurt, especially after eating meals and snacks. He also experienced weight loss and chronic diarrhea. His parents noticed that he could eat dairy foods, fruits, and vegetables without developing any intestinal problems, but he would get a "tummy ache" soon after eating sandwiches, crackers, or pancakes. Based on this information, Thompson's parents should have him tested for

A) celiac disease.
B) sulfite sensitivity.
C) colon cancer.
D) lactose intolerance.

Question 60

Karin is a healthy 23-year-old college student. She usually consumes about 2100 kcal per day. According to AMDR guidelines, her range of protein intake is _____kcal per day.

A) 210 to 735
B) 280 to 980
C) 140 to 635
D) 720 to 1400

Question 61

Which of the following foods is the best source of high-quality protein?

A) Avocado
B) Rice
C) Quinoa
D) Lettuce

Question 62

Which of the following foods is a poor source of protein?

A) Red cabbage
B) Cashew nuts
C) Sunflower seeds
D) Fat-free milk

Question 63

Which of the following foods is a poor source of essential amino acids?

A) Cottage cheese
B) Quinoa
C) Chicken
D) Yellow onions

Question 64

Which of the following foods is a good source of high-quality protein?

A) Soy milk
B) Green cabbage
C) Leaf lettuce
D) Orange juice

Question 65

Bernice is a vegan. Which of the following foods does she eat?

A) Legumes
B) Fat-free milk
C) Eggs
D) Cheese

Question 66

Which of the following foods is a poor source of protein?

A) Unsalted peanuts
B) Fresh peach
C) Sesame seeds
D) Fat-free milk

Question 67

While on a road trip, you and your vegan friend stop to get gas at a convenience store. You're not hungry, but your friend wants a snack that's high in protein and healthy fats, but it's not from an animal. Based on this information, which of the following foods did he buy?

A) Fruit-flavored yogurt
B) Dry-roasted nuts
C) Corn chips with nacho sauce
D) Banana chips

Question 68

Which of the following menu items contains complementary protein?

A) Coleslaw made with shredded cabbage, carrots, and green pepper
B) Dip made with mashed avocado and tomatoes that's served with corn chips
C) Red beans, kidney beans, green beans, and onions in vinegar sauce
D) Slice of whole-wheat bread topped with peanut butter

Question 69

Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of high-quality protein?

A) Tuna fish
B) Corn oil margarine
C) Leaf lettuce
D) Red grapes

Question 70

Which of the following foods is a good source of most essential amino acids?

A) Oat flakes
B) Jonathan apples
C) Fruit juices
D) Sunflower seeds

Question 71

Animal foods supply almost ____ of the protein in the typical American's diet.

A) one-third
B) one-half
C) two-thirds
D) one-fifth

Question 72

While on a road trip, you and your vegan friend stop to get gas at a convenience store. You're not hungry, but your friend wants a snack that's high in protein and low in saturated fat. Based on this information, which of the following foods did he buy?

A) Cheese sticks
B) Soy milk yogurt
C) Corn chips with nacho sauce
D) Banana chips

Question 73

Which of the following foods is a high-protein snack that can replace a snack that contains animal proteins?

A) Watermelon
B) Banana
C) Soy milk
D) Pretzels

Question 74

When combined, which of the following groups of foods forms a complementary protein dish?

A) Iceberg lettuce, carrots, and walnuts
B) Kidney beans, rice, and sesame seeds
C) Cranberries, apples, and marshmallows
D) Peaches, green beans, and apricots

Question 75

Which of the following menu items contains complementary protein?

A) Kidney and green beans in apple cider vinegar
B) Whole-wheat bagel spread with soy nut butter
C) Cooked peas and soybeans
D) Banana, apple, and grapefruit slices in a mixed fruit salad

Question 76

When combined, which of the following groups of foods forms a complementary protein dish?

A) Peaches, bananas, and apricots
B) Peanut butter, whole-wheat bread, sesame seeds
C) Sesame, sunflower, and pumpkin seeds
D) Iceberg lettuce, carrots, and tomatoes

Question 77

Which of the following menu items contains complementary protein?

A) Peach, mango, and grapefruit slices in a mixed fruit salad
B) Whole-wheat crackers spread with butter and grape jelly
C) Black beans and rice
D) Kidney and green beans in apple cider vinegar

Question 78

Which of the following menu items contains complementary protein?

A) Peanut butter spread on raw apple slices
B) Whole-wheat crackers spread with butter and grape jelly
C) Pita bread dipped in mashed chickpeas
D) Kidney beans mixed with green beans and fresh tomatoes

Question 79

Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of high-quality protein?

A) Fat-free milk
B) Fruit salad
C) Whole-grain bread
D) Green beans

Question 80

Which of the following foods is a high-protein snack that can replace a snack that contains animal proteins?

A) Baby carrots
B) Unsalted peanuts
C) American cheese
D) Watermelon chunks