Deck 21: Protists: The Simplest Eukaryotes

Question 1

The organism in the accompanying figure belongs to which group?  

A) Excavates
B) Alveolates
C) Stramenopiles
D) Green algae
E) Rhizarians

Answer 1

Rhizarians

Question 2

In ciliates,the ____ is used for ____.  

A) gullet; digestion
B) cilia; flexible support
C) pellicle; digestion
D) contractile vacuole; food gathering
E) pellicle; water balance

Answer 2

A

Question 3

What feature is common to all the alveolates?  

A) Autotrophy
B) Lung-like sacs used for respiration
C) Bioluminescence
D) Complex life cycle with two hosts
E) Membrane-bound sacs beneath the plasma membrane

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Four of the following are true of euglenids.Which statement is false?  

A) Many move by pseudopods.
B) Many contain chloroplasts.
C) Can be mixtrophs.
D) Belongs to the same group as kinetoplastids.
E) Use a contractile vacuole to maintain water balance.

Question 5

Which feature is shared by euglenoids and kinetoplastids?  

A) An eyespot
B) Flagellated
C) Photoautotrophy
D) Parasitic existence
E) Marine and freshwater habitats

Question 6

The ____ gives structure to many unwalled,single-celled protists.  

A) contractile vacuole
B) pellicle
C) Golgi body
D) endoplasmic reticulum
E) nucleus

Question 7

What occurs when a photosynthetic protist is taken up by a heterotrophic protist and evolves into a chloroplast?  

A) Multicellularity
B) Primary endosymbiosis
C) Colonialism
D) Chloroplasty
E) Secondary endosymbiosis

Question 8

The term "plankton" ____.  

A) refers to a taxonomic division of algae
B) is a common term for microscopic organisms that drift or swim weakly in water
C) includes only multicellular forms
D) refers to small aquatic plants
E) would apply to large brown algae

Question 9

Protists cause four of the following diseases.Which one is the exception?  

A) Dysentery
B) Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning
C) Malaria
D) AIDS
E) Trichomonas infections of the reproductive tract

Question 10

Four of the following are shared characteristics of parabasalids and diplomonads.Which is the exception?  

A) Heterotrophic
B) Flagella
C) Oxygen-poor or anaerobic habitats
D) Abundant mitochondria
E) Live in animals

Question 11

Red tides and extensive fish kills are caused by population blooms of ____.  

A) Euglena
B) specific dinoflagellates
C) diatoms
D) Plasmodium
E) fish

Question 12

Which group is most distantly related to green algae?  

A) Ciliates
B) Dinoflagellates
C) Diplomonads
D) Apicomplexans
E) Diatoms

Question 13

A collection of tiny organisms that drift and swim in lakes and seas and include both heterotrophs and autotrophs are knows as ___________.  

A) excavates
B) metamonads
C) plankton
D) trypanosomes
E) phytonomads

Question 14

What is the meaning of the group name Stramenopila?  

A) "Needle-haired"
B) "Straw haired"
C) "Short flagella"
D) "Black haired"
E) "White haired"

Question 15

What is NOT a characteristic of radiolarians?  

A) They have perforated shells of calcium carbonate.
B) They form part of the plankton.
C) They have two cytoplasmic layers.
D) They have vacuoles that impart buoyancy.
E) They are heterotrophic protists.

Question 16

The organism in the accompanying figure belongs to which group?  

A) Excavates
B) Alveolates
C) Stramenopiles
D) Green algae
E) Amoebozoans

Question 17

What are three lineages included in the SAR super group?  

A) Stramenopiles, alveolates, and rhizarians
B) Unikonta, alveolates, and rhizarians
C) Alveolates, unikonta, and stramenopiles
D) Stramenopiles, rhizarians, and unikonta
E) Rhizarians, stramenopiles, and plankton

Question 18

What type of cells do the apicomplexan parasite Plasmodium infect?  

A) Blood only
B) Liver only
C) Brain only
D) Both blood and liver
E) Blood, liver, and brain

Question 19

Which type of plankton are tiny and aquatic heterotrophs?  

A) Zooplankton
B) Phyplankton
C) Tryplankton
D) Metaplankton
E) Holoplankton

Question 20

Which group does the supergroup Opisthokonta exclude?  

A) Fungi
B) Animals
C) Nucleariids
D) Amoebozoans
E) Choanoflagellates

Question 21

-Refer to the accompanying figure Within one or two weeks after infection with Plasmodium,ruptured liver cells release _____ and cellular debris into the host's bloodstream,causing fever and weakness characteristic of malaria.  

A) Sporozoites
B) Merozoites
C) Anopheles mosquitoes
D) Gametocytes
E) Zygotes

Question 22

-Refer to the accompanying figure At which stage does the Plasmodium (malaria)parasite reproduce asexually and mature into merozoites?  

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 23

Choanoflagellates are most closely related to the ____.  

A) land plants
B) animals
C) mold
D) bacteria
E) slime molds

Question 24

The structure labeled A is the __________.  

A) gametophyte
B) sporophyte
C) sporangium
D) plant stage
E) zygote

Question 25

Red algae ____.  

A) are primarily marine organisms
B) are thought to have developed from green algae
C) contain xanthophylls as their main accessory pigments
D) are mostly unicellular
E) survive only in shallow water

Question 26

-Refer to the accompanying figure The organism shown in the accompanying figure belongs to the ____ group.  

A) kinetoplastids
B) diplomonads
C) green algae
D) red algae
E) brown algae

Question 27

Most freshwater algae belong to which group?  

A) Red algae
B) Green algae
C) Brown algae
D) Golden algae
E) Blue-green algae

Question 28

-Refer to the accompanying figure The kelp shown in the accompanying figure represents the ____ stage in its life cycle.  

A) spore-bearing
B) gamete-forming
C) haploid
D) motile
E) feeding

Question 29

Choanoflagellates are ____.  

A) heterotrophs
B) chemoautotrophs
C) autotrophs
D) phototrophs
E) halotrophs

Question 30

The red algae are classified as ____.  

A) rhodophytes
B) chlorophytes
C) phaeophytes
D) bryophytes
E) pterophytes

Question 31

What is the cellular structure of most rhizarians?  

A) Single celled, shelled
B) Multicellular, shelled
C) Unicellular, naked
D) Colonial, naked
E) Colonial, shelled

Question 32

Products of diatoms are used in four of the following.Which one is the exception?  

A) Biofuels
B) Ink
C) Filters
D) Cleaners
E) Insecticides

Question 33

Heterotrophic stramenopiles that grow as a mesh of nutrient-absorbing filaments with cellulose cell walls are known as _______.  

A) diatoms
B) brown algae
C) fungal molds
D) water molds
E) kelp

Question 34

Land plants are thought to be most closely related to the ____.  

A) chlorophyte algae
B) red algae
C) charophyte algae
D) brown algae
E) euglenoids

Question 35

Four of the following are true about water molds.Which one is the exception?  

A) Water mold is responsible for the Irish potato famine.
B) Some species are aquatic parasites.
C) Most act as decomposers.
D) Their filaments are composed of haploid cells.
E) Their cell walls are made of cellulose.

Question 36

The production of light by an organism is called ____.  

A) autophotoproduction
B) bioluminescence
C) luminarianism
D) autoillumination
E) bioillumination

Question 37

Which pigment(s)is/are characteristic of chlorophytes?  

A) Chlorophyll a
B) Phycobilins
C) Chlorophyll b
D) Fucoxanthin
E) Chlorophylls a and b

Question 38

Cellular slime molds can be distinguished from plasmodial slime molds on the basis of ____.  

A) reproductive structures
B) spore formation
C) number of nuclei per cell
D) slime trails
E) food requirements

Question 39

-Refer to the accompanying figure Which letter points to the stipe?  

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 40

Four of the following are true about the amoebozoans.Which one is the exception?  

A) They are shape shifters.
B) They include the amoebas.
C) They are the closest protist relatives of animals.
D) They include species that are able to form pseudopods.
E) They include the slime molds.

Question 41

Select the best choice for the following statements in reference to the four groups of protists listed below.
a.Stramenopiles
b.Amoebozoans
c.Alveolates
d.Parabasalids and diplomonads
The slime molds are members of this group.

Question 42

__________ are flagellated and mostly photosynthetic aquatic protists with a cellulose covering.

Question 43

In nutrient-rich water,photosynthetic protists may undergo population explosions known as __________.

Question 44

Select the best choice for the following statements using the five groups listed below.
a.Apicomplexans
b.Amoebozoans
c.Euglenoids
d.Dinoflagellates
e.Trypanosomes
These are a common source of bioluminescence in tropical seas.

Question 45

Select the best choice for the following statements using the five groups listed below.
a.Apicomplexans
b.Amoebozoans
c.Euglenoids
d.Dinoflagellates
e.Trypanosomes
Chagas disease and African sleeping sickness are caused by members of this group.

Question 46

What anaerobic excavate protist,including diplomonads and parabasalids,have multiple flagella and no mitochondria?  

A) Metamonads
B) Phytoplankton
C) Trypanosome
D) Excavates
E) Amoeba

Question 47

Select the best choice for the following statements using the five groups listed below.
a.Apicomplexans
b.Amoebozoans
c.Euglenoids
d.Dinoflagellates
e.Trypanosomes
All members of this group are parasitic alveolates.

Question 48

__________ are heterotrophs that grow as a mesh of absorptive filaments.Some are plant pathogens.

Question 49

Some protists have complex life cycles and change between the haploid and diploid state.This process is observed in a member of the Stramenopiles,the ________ algae.

Question 50

Which of the following organisms is composed of many integrated cells,each capable of living and reproducing on its own?  

A) Brown algae
B) Colonial organism
C) Multicellular organism
D) Endosymbiotic organism
E) Euglena

Question 51

Which of the following is the outer layer of plasma membrane and elastic proteins that protects and gives shape to many unwalled,single-celled protists?  

A) Eyespot
B) Capsid
C) Pellicle
D) Chitin
E) Cilia

Question 52

__________ are characterized by two types of nuclei,a macronucleus and a micronucleus.

Question 53

__________ have shells made of calcium carbonate,while __________ have shells made of glassy silica.

Question 54

Select the best choice for the following statements using the five groups listed below.
a.Apicomplexans
b.Amoebozoans
c.Euglenoids
d.Dinoflagellates
e.Trypanosomes
These move by means of pseudopods.

Question 55

Paramecium lives in freshwater; a(n)__________ rids them of excess water.

Question 56

Select the best choice for the following statements using the five groups listed below.
a.Apicomplexans
b.Amoebozoans
c.Euglenoids
d.Dinoflagellates
e.Trypanosomes
These possess an eyespot for detecting light needed for photosynthesis.

Question 57

Select the best choice for the following statements in reference to the four groups of protists listed below.
a.Stramenopiles
b.Amoebozoans
c.Alveolates
d.Parabasalids and diplomonads
This group includes the diatoms.

Question 58

Select the best choice for the following statements in reference to the four groups of protists listed below.
a.Stramenopiles
b.Amoebozoans
c.Alveolates
d.Parabasalids and diplomonads
The common amoeba,Amoeba proteus,is a member of this group.

Question 59

Select the best choice for the following statements in reference to the four groups of protists listed below.
a.Stramenopiles
b.Amoebozoans
c.Alveolates
d.Parabasalids and diplomonads
Paramecium belongs to this group.

Question 60

Select the best choice for the following statements in reference to the four groups of protists listed below.
a.Stramenopiles
b.Amoebozoans
c.Alveolates
d.Parabasalids and diplomonads
The malarial parasite Plasmodium is a member of this group.

Question 61

Which of the following is a parasitic excavate protist with a single mitochondrion and an undulating membrane?  

A) Trypanosome
B) Zooplankton
C) Euglenid
D) Metamonad
E) Photoautotroph