Deck 9: Energy Balance and Healthy Body Weight

Question 1

Normally, how many hours pass after eating before one becomes hungry again during awake hours?

A) 1-2 hours
B) 2-3 hours
C) 3-5 hours
D) 4-6 hours

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following hormones is directly linked with both appetite and body fatness?

A) epinephrine
B) insulin
C) leptin
D) ghrelin

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Bulimia nervosa is more prevalent than anorexia nervosa and is more common in women than men.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Which of the following factors raises a person's basal metabolic rate?

A) older age
B) fever
C) malnutrition
D) starvation

Question 5

Genetic makeup greatly influences how efficiently the body uses up or stores energy.

Question 6

Those who have the most success with weight maintenance following weight loss display which of the following attributes?

A) high self-efficacy
B) limited social support systems
C) ability to eat controlled portions at a leisurely pace
D) variation of food intake on weekdays and weekends

Question 7

Diet histories completed by individuals commonly overreport intakes of high-calorie foods.

Question 8

What is a reasonable initial goal that should be considered when embarking upon successful weight loss and maintenance for an individual?

A) preventing further weight gain
B) keeping track of fat intake
C) selecting energy-dense food choices
D) establishing a weight-loss goal of 2.27 kg a week

Question 9

Exercise can spot reduce fat from any one particular area of the body.

Question 10

In 2008, 23 percent of Canadians were obese.

Question 11

Half a kilogram (1 pound) of body fat is equal to how many Calories?

A) 2,500 Calories
B) 3,000 Calories
C) 3,500 Calories
D) 4,000 Calories

Question 12

Human infants have an abundant amount of which of the following fats?

A) white fat
B) cellulite
C) brown fat
D) adipocytes

Question 13

Lean tissue is less metabolically active than fat tissue.

Question 14

Waist circumference indicates visceral fatness, and above a certain girth, disease risks rise even when body mass index (BMI) values are normal.

Question 15

Which of the following eating disorders has been reported to most readily respond to treatment?

A) pica
B) bulimia
C) anorexia
D) binge eating disorder

Question 16

Physical activity must be long and arduous to achieve fat loss.

Question 17

What is the cause of death for many people with anorexia nervosa?

A) malnutrition
B) heart failure
C) severe anemia
D) dehydration

Question 18

Taller people need proportionately more energy than shorter people to balance their energy budgets.

Question 19

Lifestyle choices can override genetic influence on the prevalence of obesity for some individuals.

Question 20

What percentage of overweight women are trying to lose weight?

A) 20%
B) 40%
C) 70%
D) 90%

Question 21

Which of the following medication categories is used by bulimics to induce vomiting?

A) anticoagulants
B) diuretics
C) emetics
D) cathartics

Question 22

What is the name given to the psychological desire to eat?

A) hunger
B) starvation
C) obesity
D) appetite

Question 23

During any given day, when do people generally weigh the least?

A) after urinating
B) before going to bed
C) before eating breakfast
D) after exercising

Question 24

Which of the following symptoms is key for the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa?

A) weight loss
B) amenorrhea
C) distorted body image
D) fear of gaining weight

Question 25

Which of the following measurements evaluates a person's health risks associated with underweight or overweight?

A) fatfold test
B) body mass index (BMI)
C) dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
D) bioelectrical impedance

Question 26

In addition to the stomach and small intestine, which of the following body components is involved in signalling satiation?

A) gallbladder
B) large intestine
C) hypothalamus
D) esophagus

Question 27

A body mass index (BMI) of 25.0 to 29.9 in an adult indicates which of the following body weight classifications?

A) obesity
B) overweight
C) normal weight
D) underweight

Question 28

In addition to glucose, which of the following nutrients suppresses appetite immediately after a workout?

A) lipids
B) vitamin C
C) protein
D) calcium

Question 29

A body mass index (BMI) of 32.0 indicates which of the following health risk categories?

A) normal weight
B) overweight
C) high risk
D) very high risk

Question 30

Which of the following ideals suggests a diet may be an unsound weight-loss scheme?

A) encourages at least 130 grams of carbohydrate consumption daily
B) recommends a daily intake of about 30% of Calories from fat
C) supports a diet plan of approximately 1,000 Calories for an average-size person
D) outlines the risks associated with adhering to the weight-loss program

Question 31

Which of the following concerns accompanies the "female athlete triad"?

A) osteomalacia
B) excess supplement abuse
C) amenorrhea
D) purging with laxatives and vomiting

Question 32

Which of the following conditions is associated with being even moderately overweight?

A) fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies
B) hypertension
C) osteoporosis
D) macular degeneration

Question 33

According to a recent study, a healthy body weight was associated with intake from low-fat sources of which of the following nutrients?

A) calcium
B) protein
C) carbohydrate
D) magnesium

Question 34

If a father is obese, what is the estimated chance of his child becoming obese?

A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 30%
D) 40%

Question 35

Which of the following pharmaceutical treatments for obesity anesthetizes the tongue, reducing taste sensation?

A) phenylpropanolamine
B) benzocaine
C) ephedrine
D) bitter orange extract

Question 36

Which of the following body tissues produces the hormone leptin?

A) epithelial
B) adipose
C) connective
D) muscle

Question 37

What is the name given to foods that stressed people favour?

A) mood foods
B) comfort foods
C) calming foods
D) trigger foods

Question 38

An expenditure of how many Calories per week via physical activities will assist with weight management?

A) 1,000 Calories
B) 1,500 Calories
C) 2,000 Calories
D) 2,500 Calories

Question 39

Why do women require substantially higher amounts of fat tissue than men?

A) for bone protection
B) to burn more Calories
C) to stay warm
D) for reproduction

Question 40

Which of the following groups is prone to develop the "apple" profile of central obesity?

A) women in their early reproductive years
B) men of any age
C) women who are premenopausal
D) boys in their later teenage years

Question 41

Which theory supports the notion that the body tends to maintain a certain weight by means of its own internal controls?

A) enzyme theory
B) set-point theory
C) fat-cell theory
D) thermogenesis theory

Question 42

Which of the following characteristics is specific to people experiencing bulimia?

A) eating excessive amounts of high-protein foods without realizing
B) consuming at least 2,000 Calories at each binge
C) experiencing high self-esteem and a lower socio-economic status
D) believing that weight and shape are central to self-concept

Question 43

Which of the following processes allows a healthy person, starting with average body fat, to live totally deprived of food for as long as six to eight weeks?

A) metabolism
B) acidosis
C) thermogenesis
D) ketosis

Question 44

What is the method used to assess body fat and also used in the evaluation of osteoporosis?

A) underwater weighing
B) air displacement
C) dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
D) bioelectrical impedance

Question 45

What food choice would you advise for someone who is trying to gain weight?

A) pickles
B) whole-wheat bread
C) applesauce
D) peanut butter

Question 46

Which of the following treatments is best to consider for people with bulimia?

A) allowing for a few skipped meals each week
B) admitting them to hospital
C) including physical activity on most days
D) following a restrictive diet plan

Question 47

What is the term for the change in energy expenditure induced by factors such as changes in ambient temperature and food intake?

A) satiation
B) adaptive thermogenesis
C) thermic effect of food
D) set-point theory

Question 48

What dangerous weight loss approach may lead to cancer?

A) smoking cigarettes
B) weekly fasting
C) intense exercising
D) use of water pills

Question 49

The fatfold test uses which of the following tools to assess body fat levels?

A) X-ray energy
B) a measuring tape
C) a weight scale
D) calipers

Question 50

In what area of the body does excess fat represent a greater risk to health than excess fat elsewhere on the body?

A) chest
B) abdominal area
C) hips
D) shoulders

Question 51

Which of the following behaviours do many adolescent girls reportedly take up to control their body weight?

A) limiting alcohol consumption
B) eating high-sodium foods
C) smoking cigarettes
D) consuming dairy products

Question 52

Why is the body mass index (BMI) inappropriate to use as a health risk indicator for athletes?

A) muscle weight likely results in an elevated scale weight
B) overhydration probably creates an elevated scale weight
C) untra-abdominal fat storage contributes to the elevated scale weight
D) bone density causes the elevated scale weight

Question 53

Which of the following stomach hormones, along with a contracting stomach and an empty small intestine, triggers hunger?

A) ghrelin
B) grenlin
C) gastrin
D) leptin

Question 54

In the early stage of food deprivation, which of the following nutrients can be used to meet the energy requirements of the nervous system?

A) calcium
B) iron
C) fat
D) protein

Question 55

Which of the following actions is considered an involuntary activity for the human body?

A) walking
B) breathing
C) digestion
D) sitting

Question 56

What is the name for the theory that suggests actions can be controlled by manipulating the environmental factors that trigger food consumption?

A) physical shift
B) behaviour modification
C) pattern adjustment
D) habit substitution

Question 57

On average, in a woman of normal weight, fat makes up at least what percentage of her total body weight?

A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 15%
D) 20%

Question 58

Which activity expends the most calories?

A) aerobic dancing
B) running at 18km/hr
C) cycling at 40km/hr
D) vigorous rowing

Question 59

Which of the following terms describes the type of fat that is stored directly under the skin?

A) cellulite
B) visceral fat
C) subdermal fat
D) subcutaneous fat

Question 60

Anorexia nervosa is most prevalent among which of the following groups?

A) adolescent boys
B) young women
C) elderly women
D) adult men

Question 61

Body mass index (BMI) is inappropriate to use with which of the following individuals?

A) a 21-year-old university student
B) a 28-year-old pregnant women
C) a 30-year-old vegetarian
D) a 52-year-old man with diabetes

Question 62

Which of the following health conditions is associated with excess body fat?

A) celiac disease
B) Crohn's disease
C) diverticular disease
D) gallbladder disease

Question 63

Define ketone bodies and describe what happens when the body goes into ketosis.

Question 64

Which of the following descriptions explains energy-dense foods?

A) foods high in water and fibre
B) foods high in fat and low in water
C) foods low in fibre and sodium
D) foods low protein and high in fibre

Question 65

What is the minimum body mass index (BMI) level signifying morbid obesity?

A) 30.0
B) 32.0
C) 40.0
D) 44.0

Question 66

An individual who tends to eat after seeing a wide array of freshly baked treats despite not being hungry is responding to which of the following causes of overeating?

A) external cues
B) enzyme stimulation
C) internal stimuli
D) comfort cues

Question 67

What is the term for the eating disorder that is characterized by refusing to maintain a minimally normal body weight and having a disturbed perception of body weight and shape?

A) female athlete triad
B) anorexia nervosa
C) disordered eating
D) pica

Question 68

Which of the following values tells a person how many Calories they need in a day?

A) estimated energy requirement (EER)
B) body mass index (BMI)
C) thermic effect of food (TEF)
D) basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Question 69

Increased risk of type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, and hypertension is associated with what waist circumference cut-off for men?

A) 88 cm (35 inches)
B) 97 cm (38 inches)
C) 102 cm (40 inches)
D) 107 cm (42 inches)

Question 70

What is the name for repeated rounds of weight loss and subsequent regain, with reduced ability to lose weight after each cycle?

A) weight psychology
B) weight loss management
C) weight cycling
D) weight behaviourism

Question 71

Which of the following nutrients in food sustains satiety longest?

A) protein
B) simple carbohydrates
C) fatty acids
D) starchy carbohydrates

Question 72

Explain the potential hazards that can accompany high-protein, low-carbohydrate diets.

Question 73

You have just finished your evening meal; however, an apple pie has just come out of the oven. What is the name for the pleasure molecules that create an appetite for a piece of this pie?

A) endorphins
B) melatonin
C) serotonin
D) epinephrine

Question 74

What causes the 0.5-1 kilogram weight loss associated with herbal laxatives containing senna, aloe, rhubarb root, and castor oil?

A) loss of fat
B) loss of protein
C) loss of carbohydrate
D) loss of water

Question 75

Mary used to have a waist circumference of 75 centimetres, but her waist circumference is now 97 centimetres. Based on this information, which of the following conclusions would you come to?

A) she has a large amount of subcutaneous fat
B) she is at an increased risk for wasting diseases
C) she is likely to be very active
D) she develops fat centrally

Question 76

What role does genetics play in the prevalence of obesity?

Question 77

What is the name for fat that accumulates around the intra-abdominal organs?

A) mid-body fat
B) central fat
C) subcutaneous fat
D) visceral fat

Question 78

Which of the following strategies would help a lean person gain weight?

A) smoking cigarettes
B) eating frequently
C) avoiding physical activity
D) consuming water before meals

Question 79

What are the three indicators used by obesity experts to evaluate risks to health from obesity?

Question 80

What is the quick and easy estimate of energy needs for an 80-kilogram (180-pound) man?

A) 1,640 Calories
B) 1,800 Calories
C) 1,965 Calories
D) 2,050 Calories