Deck 4: Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

The intestinal lining consists of:

A) squamous epithelium
B) simple columnar epithelium
C) stratified cuboidal or columnar epithelium, depending on the location
D) pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Answer 1

simple columnar epithelium

Question 2

Tendons and ligaments are examples of which type of connective tissue?

A) Adipose
B) Loose
C) Dense
D) Cartilage

Answer 2

Dense

Question 3

What is the largest sesamoid bone?

A) The sacrum
B) The tenth thoracic vertebra
C) The atlas
D) The patella

Answer 3

The patella

Question 4

The plural of vertebra is:

A) vertebras
B) vertebres
C) vertebri
D) vertebrae

Question 5

The pelvis is what type of bone?

A) Long bone
B) Flat bone
C) Sesamoid bone
D) Small bone

Question 6

A vertebra is an example of what type of bone?

A) Irregular bone
B) Flat bone
C) Sesamoid bone
D) Small bone

Question 7

How many basic types of tissue exist in the body?

A) they are the thick and tough deepest cells that reproduce, pushing daughter cells toward the surface
B) they are capable of considerable stretching
C) their nuclei are not uniform in position
D) they line the ducts of sweat glands

Question 8

The carpal bone is what type of bone?

A) Long bone
B) Flat bone
C) Sesamoid bone
D) Small bone

Question 9

What are the bones of the digits called?

A) Carpals
B) Tarsals
C) Phalanges
D) Trochanters

Question 10

Tendons connect:

A) muscle to bone
B) bone to bone
C) muscle to skin
D) muscle to muscle

Question 11

What is the term for a hole in a bone through which blood vessels and nerves may pass?

A) Condyle
B) Foramen
C) Fossa
D) Facet

Question 12

The mammary glands are an example of a:

A) simple exocrine gland
B) compound exocrine gland
C) modified endocrine gland
D) ducted endocrine gland

Question 13

Which group of bones of the thoracic limb is listed in the correct order from proximal to distal?

A) Femur, tibia, tarsals, metatarsals
B) Humerus, radius, carpals, metacarpals
C) Metatarsals, tarsals, tibia, femur
D) Phalanges, carpals, ulna, humerus

Question 14

The growth plate of a bone is located in the:

A) diaphysis
B) epiphysis
C) metaphysis
D) sesamoid

Question 15

What is the name of the first cervical vertebra?

A) Atlas
B) Axis
C) Olecranon
D) Calcaneus

Question 16

Cartilage consists of what type of cells?

A) Cartilaginocytes
B) Chondrocytes
C) Osteocytes
D) Fibrocytes

Question 17

Which type of connective tissue consists of collections of lipid-storing cells?

A) Adipose
B) Loose
C) Dense
D) Elastic

Question 18

Which type of bones contain air spaces that make the skeleton lighter?

A) Irregular bones
B) Sesamoid bones
C) Pneumatic bones
D) Small bones

Question 19

Squamous epithelial cells are:

A) flat
B) cuboidal
C) columnar
D) cylindrical

Question 20

What is the term for a surface in which a bone forms a joint with another bone?

A) Articular surface
B) Condyle surface
C) Facet surface
D) Trochanter

Question 21

An example of a ductless gland is:

A) pituitary gland
B) testes
C) ovaries
D) all of the above

Question 22

Stratified means :

A) more than one cell layer
B) one cell layer
C) duct
D) covering

Question 23

Which of the following bones are considered to be part of the appendicular skeleton?

A) Skull bones
B) Sternum
C) Atlas
D) Metacarpus

Question 24

Which of the following bones are considered to be part of the axial skeleton?

A) Femur
B) Humerus
C) Ribs
D) Scapula

Question 25

What are the layers of skin, from superficial to deep?

A) Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis
B) Dermis, epidermis, hypodermis
C) Hyperdermis, dermis, hypodermis
D) Supradermis, intradermis, subdermis

Question 26

What is the outer covering of the body called?

A) Calcaneus
B) Integumentis
C) Appendicular skin
D) Hypodermis

Question 27

How many hormones does the anterior pituitary gland produce and release?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 10

Question 28

Chondrocytes are cells of which type of connective tissue?

A) Elastic
B) Cartilage
C) Reticular
D) Loose connective tissue

Question 29

Skeletal muscle is characterized as what type of muscle?

A) Voluntary and striated
B) Involuntary and striated
C) Voluntary and smooth
D) Involuntary and smooth

Question 30

Which cells of the body give color to skin?

A) Melanocytes
B) Chondrocytes
C) Keratinocytes
D) Myocytes

Question 31

An example of connective tissue includes all of the following, except:

A) bone
B) cartilage
C) blood
D) skin

Question 32

Which type of muscle controls movements in the iris and ciliary body of the eye?

A) Simple smooth
B) Multiunit smooth
C) Voluntary striated
D) Involuntary striated

Question 33

Cardiac muscle is characterized as what type of muscle?

A) Voluntary and striated
B) Involuntary and striated
C) Voluntary and smooth
D) Involuntary and smooth

Question 34

Cartilaginous joints allow _______ movement.

A) no
B) light rocking
C) only flexion and extension
D) free movement between bones in several directions

Question 35

Visceral smooth muscle is found in:

A) the biceps
B) the atrium of the heart
C) the iris of the eye
D) the urinary bladder

Question 36

What is the function of oxytocin?

A) Stimulate oxygenation of major organ systems
B) Promote uterine contractions and milk let-down
C) Promote growth and development of the respiratory system
D) Promotes ovulation of a mature ovarian follicle and its conversion into corpus luteum

Question 37

The movement in which the distal end of an extremity describes a circle is called:

A) circumduction
B) flexion
C) adduction
D) abduction

Question 38

Which three bones make up the pelvis?

A) Ilium, ischium, pubis
B) Ilium, ischium, femur
C) Ischium, pubis, femur
D) Pubis, femur, acetabulum

Question 39

Which hormone is stored in and released by the posterior pituitary gland?

A) Follicle-stimulating hormone
B) Antidiuretic hormone
C) Luteinizing hormone
D) Growth hormone

Question 40

Which tissue is the hardest in the body?

A) Bone
B) Dentin
C) Enamel
D) Keratin

Question 41

Diastole refers to:

A) a hole in the heart
B) opening of the tricuspid valve
C) relaxation of the heart chambers
D) contraction of the heart chambers

Question 42

The organ that makes blood transfer from mother to fetus is the:

A) heart
B) liver
C) placenta
D) pancreas

Question 43

The small tissue that covers the opening of the larynx and which closes during swallowing is the:

A) uvula
B) tonsil
C) epiglottis
D) pharynx

Question 44

A subcutaneous injection is administered in the:

A) dermis
B) stratified epithelial layer
C) hypodermis
D) Any of the above is correct

Question 45

The largest organ in the body is:

A) skin
B) bone
C) pancreas
D) liver

Question 46

The inner most tooth structure is:

A) dentin
B) enamel
C) cementum
D) secondary enamel

Question 47

The sense responsible for balance and head position is:

A) special sense
B) auditory sense
C) vestibular sense
D) gustatory sense

Question 48

The longest segment of the small intestine is the:

A) ileum
B) duodenum
C) jejunum
D) transverse bowel

Question 49

Which structures actually move with any tilting of the head?

A) otoliths
B) cochlea
C) microvilli
D) semicircular canals

Question 50

How many pairs of cranial nerves emanate from the ventral surface of the brain?

A) 24
B) 18
C) 16
D) 12

Question 51

The nervous system responsible for "rest and restore" is:

A) parasympathetic system
B) sympathetic system
C) autonomic system
D) all of the above

Question 52

What type of blood flows into the right atrium?

A) Carbon dioxide-rich blood from the cranial and caudal venae cavae
B) Oxygenated blood from the cranial and caudal venae cavae
C) Carbon dioxide-rich blood from the pulmonary veins
D) Oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins

Question 53

Nutrients are exchanged in :

A) the blood
B) capillaries
C) veins
D) arteries

Question 54

Gray matter is located:

A) at the outer layer of the cerebrum
B) the innermost surface of the heart
C) the right cerebral hemisphere
D) all of the above

Question 55

The largest gland in the body is the:

A) skin
B) pancreas
C) liver
D) colon

Question 56

A dog or cat that appears puffed up (hair standing on end) is most likely:

A) cold
B) frightened
C) very comfortable
D) A and B

Question 57

The master endocrine gland is:

A) hypothalamus
B) pituitary
C) thyroid
D) pancreas

Question 58

The period of time when there is no behavioral sign of heat in estrus is:

A) inestrus
B) diestrus
C) proesterus
D) anestrus

Question 59

The adrenal glands are located near which organ?

A) Heart
B) Liver
C) Kidneys
D) Pancreas

Question 60

Which organ produces the two hormones insulin and glucagon?

A) Liver
B) Pancreas
C) Duodenum
D) Testes

Question 61

Bitches come into heat every:

A) 8 to 10 months
B) 6 to 7 months
C) 4 to 5 months
D) Depends on the breed

Question 62

The period of time when female may show signs of interest in the male, but will not allow mating is:

A) inestrus
B) diestrus
C) proesterus
D) anestrus

Question 63

What stimulates ovulation in the queen?

A) Interest of a male cat
B) Time of year
C) Coitus
D) Shift in hormones