Deck 4: Requirements Engineering

Question 1

In the early stages of systems analysis,interviews usually focus on specific topics,but as the fact-finding process continues,the interviews become more general.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

When designing a questionnaire,the most important rule of all is to make sure that questions collect the right data in a form that can be used to further the fact-finding effort.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

In addition to helping to gather and analyze facts,many programs also automatically perform fact-finding for systems analysts.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Due to the limited range of input and interaction among participants,few companies believe that a joint application development (JAD)group produces the best definition of a new system.

Question 5

Knowledge of a company's formal and informal structures helps a systems analyst determine the people to interview during the systems analysis phase.

Question 6

Although taking notes during an interview has both advantages and disadvantages,the accepted view is that note taking should be extensive.

Question 7

System requirements serve as benchmarks to measure the overall acceptability of a finished system.

Question 8

When designing a questionnaire,arrange questions in a random order,intermixing simple and more complex topics.

Question 9

Systems developers use joint application development (JAD)whenever group input and interaction are not desired,because it is linked to a specific development methodology.

Question 10

Compared with traditional methods,the entire rapid application development (RAD)process is expanded and,as a result,the new system is built,delivered,and placed in operation much later.

Question 11

A list of topics should be sent to an interviewee several days before the meeting,especially when detailed information is needed,so the person can prepare for the interview and minimize the need for a follow-up meeting.

Question 12

When conducting an interview,after asking a question,allow the person enough time to think about the question and arrive at an answer.

Question 13

When using fact-finding techniques,asking what is being done is the same as asking what could or should be done.

Question 14

Personal observation allows a systems analyst to verify statements made in interviews and determine whether procedures really operate as they are described.

Question 15

System documentation is always up-to-date.

Question 16

IT professionals recognize that successful systems must be user-oriented,and users need to be involved,formally or informally,at every stage of system development.

Question 17

The main objective of all rapid application development (RAD)approaches is to extend development time and expense by excluding users from every phase of systems development.

Question 18

Creating a standard list of interview questions helps a systems analyst to keep on track and avoid unnecessary tangents.

Question 19

Before publishing a form on the Internet or a company intranet,a systems analyst should protect it so users can change the layout or design but cannot fill it in.

Question 20

Because use cases depict a system through the eyes of a user,common business language can be used to describe the transactions.

Question 21

A single site visit usually gives true pictures,so it is unnecessary to visit more than one installation.

Question 22

The main objective of a sample is to ensure that it represents the overall population accurately.

Question 23

A popular user-oriented method is rapid application development (RAD),which resembles a condensed version of the entire SDLC,with users involved every step of the way.

Question 24

In the rapid application development (RAD)model,during the _____ phase,users interact with systems analysts and develop models and prototypes that represent all system processes,outputs,and inputs.

A) requirements planning
B) user design
C) construction
D) cutover

Question 25

An agile approach emphasizes continuous feedback,and each incremental step is affected by what was learned in the prior steps.

Question 26

Using _____,an analyst can show business functions and break them down into lower-level functions and processes.

A) Unified Modeling Language (UML)
B) total cost of ownership (TCO)
C) functional decomposition diagrams (FDD)
D) Rapid Economic Justification (REJ)

Question 27

The _____ is a widely used method of visualizing and documenting software systems design.

A) Unified Modeling Language (UML)
B) total cost of ownership (TCO)
C) functional decomposition diagram (FDD)
D) Rapid Economic Justification (REJ)

Question 28

In a sequence diagram,vertical arrows represent messages from one object to another.

Question 29

Greater user involvement usually results in better communication,faster development times,and more satisfied users.

Question 30

In a(n)_____,team members prepare to lunge at each other to achieve their objectives.

A) pool
B) resequencing session
C) scrum
D) adaptation

Question 31

A _____ is a Unified Modeling Language (UML)technique that visually represents the interaction between users and an information system.

A) surface flowchart
B) scatter diagram
C) use case diagram
D) user-based flowchart

Question 32

The personal interview usually is the least expensive fact-finding technique.

Question 33

In the rapid application development (RAD)model,the _____ phase focuses on program and application development tasks similar to the SDLC.

A) requirements planning
B) user design
C) construction
D) cutover

Question 34

The primary advantage of rapid application development (RAD)is that _____.

A) systems can be developed more quickly with significant cost savings
B) a company's strategic business needs are emphasized and the mechanics of the system are not stressed
C) the decelerated time cycle allows more time to develop quality,consistency,and design standards
D) systems are developed more slowly with fewer bugs

Question 35

In the rapid application development (RAD)model,the _____ phase resembles the final tasks in the SDLC implementation phase.

A) requirements planning
B) user design
C) construction
D) cutover

Question 36

In a use case diagram,the user becomes a(n)_____,with a specific role that describes how he or she interacts with a system.

A) agent
B) actor
C) interlocutor
D) master

Question 37

Joint application development (JAD)provides a fast-track approach to a full spectrum of system development tasks,including planning,design,construction,and implementation.

Question 38

RAD does not rely on user involvement.

Question 39

The ability to manage information is the mark of a successful systems analyst and an important skill for all IT professionals.

Question 40

The _____ is a top-down representation of a process.

A) Unified Modeling Language (UML)
B) total cost of ownership (TCO)
C) functional decomposition diagram (FDD)
D) Rapid Economic Justification (REJ)

Question 41

The process of concentrating on what is said in an interview and noticing any nonverbal communication that takes place is called _____.

A) brainstorming
B) sampling
C) engaged listening
D) fact-finding

Question 42

A(n)_____ shows the timing of interactions between objects as they occur.

A) timing diagram
B) class diagram
C) orientation diagram
D) sequence diagram

Question 43

When studying an information system,examples of actual documents should be collected using a process called _____.

A) stratification
B) randomization
C) indexing
D) sampling

Question 44

To evaluate _____,a systems analyst needs information about projected future volume for all outputs,inputs,and processes.

A) scalability
B) reliability
C) compatibility
D) applicability

Question 45

In addition to direct evaluations,systems developers must identify and document indirect expenses that contribute to the _____.

A) business process modeling notation (BPMN)
B) total cost of ownership (TCO)
C) functional decomposition diagrams (FDD)
D) Rapid Economic Justification (REJ)

Question 46

If an interviewee gives only short or incomplete responses to open-ended questions,a systems analyst should _____.

A) switch to closed-ended questions
B) give the interviewee easy access to supporting material that might be needed
C) continue using open-ended questions
D) rudely conclude the meeting

Question 47

_____ can help a systems analyst understand how the current system is supposed to work.

A) Document review
B) Brainstorming
C) A systematic sample
D) Productivity software

Question 48

In a(n)_____ structure,which usually is based on interpersonal relationships,some people have more influence or knowledge than appears on an organization chart.

A) spontaneous
B) unstructured
C) informal
D) open-ended

Question 49

When preparing a representative sample from a list of 200 customers who complained about errors in their statements,a _____ could ensure the sample is balanced geographically by selecting five customers from each of four zip codes.

A) systematic sample
B) stratified sample
C) random sample
D) comprehensive sample

Question 50

The term "_____" refers to a system's ability to handle increased business volume and transactions in the future.

A) scalability
B) reliability
C) compatibility
D) applicability

Question 51

A common tool for showing the distribution of a questionnaire or sampling results is a vertical bar chart called a _____.

A) flowchart
B) histogram
C) tree map
D) streamgraph

Question 52

In an interview,_____ limit or restrict the response.

A) open-ended questions
B) closed-ended questions
C) leading questions
D) objective questions

Question 53

When phrasing interview questions,a systems analyst should avoid _____ that suggest or favor a particular reply.

A) range-of-response questions
B) open-ended questions
C) closed-ended questions
D) leading questions

Question 54

A(n)_____ is a characteristic or feature that must be included in an information system to satisfy business needs and be acceptable to users.

A) system requirement
B) property
C) questionnaire
D) object

Question 55

When preparing a representative sample from a list of 200 customers who complained about errors in their statements,a _____ might select every tenth customer for review.

A) systematic sample
B) stratified sample
C) random sample
D) comprehensive sample

Question 56

When preparing a representative sample from a list of 200 customers who complained about errors in their statements,a _____ might select any 20 customers.

A) systematic sample
B) stratified sample
C) random sample
D) comprehensive sample

Question 57

Supporters of neutral locations for interviews believe that it _____.

A) makes the interviewee feel comfortable during the meeting
B) gives the interviewee easy access to supporting material that might be needed
C) keeps interruptions to a minimum so people can concentrate fully
D) gives the interviewee an opportunity to take calls during the interview

Question 58

In an interview,_____ are questions that ask a person to evaluate something by providing limited answers to specific responses or on a numeric scale.

A) open-ended questions
B) factual questions
C) leading questions
D) range-of-response questions

Question 59

In an interview,_____ encourage spontaneous and unstructured responses.

A) open-ended questions
B) closed-ended questions
C) leading questions
D) range-of-response questions

Question 60

_____ is a planned meeting during which a systems analyst obtains information from another person.

A) A survey
B) An interview
C) Sampling
D) Research

Question 61

A _____ (sometimes called an epic)is a simple,high-level statement of a requirement.

A) schema
B) feature
C) script
D) kernel

Question 62

A(n)_____,such as Microsoft Outlook,includes a private calendar,a to-do list,and powerful contact management features.

A) personal information manager (PIM)
B) enterprise architecture
C) swim lane
D) fact-finding application

Question 63

Microsoft OneNote is a type of _____ software.

A) productivity assistant
B) personal data management
C) information management
D) personal digital assistant

Question 64

Joint application development (JAD),rapid application development (RAD),and agile methods all have advantages and disadvantages.What are they?

Question 65

Who should be in charge of documenting the results of the JAD session?

A) Jennifer
B) Alex
C) Clark
D) Tom

Question 66

Briefly describe the four phases of the rapid application development (RAD)model.

Question 67

Which technique involves each participant speaking or passing when it is his or her turn?

A) stratified sampling
B) unstructured brainstorming
C) structured brainstorming
D) systematic sampling

Question 68

Who should provide feedback regarding how the project will support day-to-day tasks?

A) Ian
B) Alex
C) Clark
D) Tom

Question 69

Representing requirements deals with _____ the problem.

A) describing
B) understanding
C) validating
D) agreeing upon

Question 70

Explain the requirements challenge known as creep.

Question 71

To obtain answers to requirements questions,the analyst develops a _____ plan,which involves answers to five familiar questions: who,what,where,when,and how.

A) stratification
B) fact-finding
C) rapid application
D) sequencing

Question 72

In projects where it is desirable to obtain input from a large number of people,a(n)_____ can be a valuable tool.

A) observation
B) questionnaire
C) suggestion
D) title

Question 73

There have been some rumblings within the firm that this development project is not necessary so John and others feel it is important to explain the reason for the project at the outset.Whose name goes next to this point on the agenda?

A) His own
B) Jennifer
C) Alex
D) Tom

Question 74

Which is a non-functional requirement?

A) The system must provide logon security at the operating system level and at the application level.
B) Each input form must include date,time,product code,customer number,and quantity.
C) The system must be operational 7 days a week,365 days a year.
D) The website shall report online volume statistics every four hours and hourly during peak periods.

Question 75

Explain the Hawthorne Effect.

Question 76

A(n)_____ is a simple graphic organizer that helps systems analysts visualize the status of a project.

A) histogram
B) storyboard
C) pool
D) epic

Question 77

Which is a functional requirement?

A) Response time must not exceed four seconds.
B) The contact management system shall generate a daily reminder list for all sales representatives.
C) The system must be operational 7 days a week,365 days a year.
D) The system should work on Windows and Mac platforms.

Question 78

What process is concerned with demonstrating that the requirements define the system that the customer really wants?

A) hunting
B) gathering
C) representing
D) validation

Question 79

As John develops the agenda,he wants to put the name of the appropriate person next to the agenda item.Whose name would he put next to the final task on the agenda,the task of documenting the results of the JAD session and preparing the report that will be sent to JAD team members?

A) Clark
B) Tom
C) Linda
D) His own