Deck 22: Fungi

Question 1

What best describes the location where sexual spores form in club fungi?

A)in gills of the mushroom
B)in club-shaped cells at the gill base
C)in fruiting bodies
D)in club-shaped cells of mycelium
E)in hyphae of an embryonic mushroom

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The main difference between a mature zygospore and a young zygospore is that the young zygospore is ____.

A)haploid
B)equivalent to a fruiting body
C)diploid
D)dikaryotic
E)fertilized

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Algae are to lichens as ____ are to mycorrhizae.

A)club fungi
B)plant roots
C)water molds
D)plant leaves
E)mosses

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Four of the five terms are edible fungi. Select the exception:

A)chanterelles
B)morels
C)porcini
D)truffles
E)ergot

Question 5

Which factor is the most important algal contribution to the fungal component of lichen?

A)improved water conservation
B)mechanical protection from being blown away
C)photosynthetically derived food
D)less overlap among individual algal cells
E)pigment for camouflage

Question 6

What is the term for a fungus cell that has two genetically distinct nuclei?

A)diploid
B)haploid
C)mitotic
D)dikaryotic
E)monokaryotic

Question 7

The 'mushroom' of club fungi is the ____ of these organisms.

A)spore
B)hypha
C)mycelium
D)yeast
E)fruiting body

Question 8

All fungi ____.

A)are decomposers
B)perform extracellular digestion
C)are parasites
D)reproduce sexually
E)are multicellular

Question 9

Which group of fungi do the mushrooms belong to?

A)chytrids
B)glomeromycetes
C)zygote fungi
D)sac fungi
E)club fungi

Question 10

Four of the five answers listed below can be used when describing fungal reproduction. Select the exception.

A)budding
B)pollen
C)dikaryotic
D)zygospore
E)aerial hypha

Question 11

Lichen is a composite organism made up of ____.

A)two different fungi
B)a fungus and an autotroph
C)a fungus and a gymnosperm
D)a fungus and an amoeba
E)a fungus and a protozoan

Question 12

A fungus that has been implicated in frog population declines worldwide is a member of the ____ group.

A)club fungi
B)chytrid
C)zygote fungi
D)glomeromycetes
E)sac fungi

Question 13

Geneticists discovered checkpoint genes involved in the cell cycle by studying the process in ____.

A)yeast
B)chytrids
C)zygote fungi
D)mycorrhizal fungi
E)bacteria

Question 14

Fungal cell walls contain ____.

A)lignin
B)chitin
C)cellulose
D)glycogen
E)keratin

Question 15

How do plants benefit from a mycorrhizal partnership with a soil fungus?

A)The fungus provides sugars.
B)The fungus participates in photosynthesis.
C)They receive digestive enzymes.
D)The fungus increases the absorptive surface area of the plant and provides water and nutrients.
E)The fungus protects the plant from pathogens.

Question 16

White nose syndrome in bats is caused by ____.

A)Penicilium chrysogenum
B)Claviceps purpurea
C)Saccharomyces cerevisiae
D)Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
E)Pseudogymnoascus destructans

Question 17

The most diverse group of fungi are the ____.

A)zygote fungi
B)chytrids
C)club fungi
D)sac fungi
E)glomeromycetes

Question 18

Fungi that live as single cells are called ____.

A)hyphae
B)hypha
C)zygospores
D)mycelium
E)yeast

Question 19

When the nuclei in a dikaryotic cell fuse, what happens?

A)A haploid zygote is formed.
B)A diploid zygote is formed.
C)A haploid spore is produced.
D)A diploid spore is produced.
E)A haploid gametangium forms.

Question 20

Groups of fungal filaments are collectively called ____.

A)mycelia
B)hyphae
C)mycorrhizae
D)asci
E)yeast

Question 21

Which organism is a member of zygospore-forming fungi?

A)water mold
B)smut or rust
C)bread mold
D)mushroom
E)truffle

Question 22

In what way do fungi reproduce?

A)asexually by spores only
B)budding of the parent body only
C)sexually by gametes only
D)asexually by spores and budding of the parent body only
E)asexually by spores, budding of the parent body, and sexually by gametes

Question 23

Match the term with the correct statement.
a.grows inside living plants and siphons sugars
b.baker's yeast
c.human fungal vaginitis
d.black bread mold
e.infects trees and feeds on the decaying remains
f.soy sauce fermentation
g.edible mycorrhizal fungi
Candida

Question 24

Match the term with the correct statement.
a.grows inside living plants and siphons sugars
b.baker's yeast
c.human fungal vaginitis
d.black bread mold
e.infects trees and feeds on the decaying remains
f.soy sauce fermentation
g.edible mycorrhizal fungi
Aspergillus

Question 25

The two nuclei in the dikaryotic state are ____.

A)diploid and from the same parent
B)diploid and from different parents
C)haploid and from the same parent
D)haploid and from different parents
E)one diploid and one haploid from different parents

Question 26

The first colonizers of bare rock are often ____.

A)angiosperms
B)lichens
C)mycorrhizae
D)sac fungi
E)zygote fungi

Question 27

Match the term with the correct statement.
a.grows inside living plants and siphons sugars
b.baker's yeast
c.human fungal vaginitis
d.black bread mold
e.infects trees and feeds on the decaying remains
f.soy sauce fermentation
g.edible mycorrhizal fungi
truffles

Question 28

Most edible fungi come from the fungal group that also contains ____.

A)poisonous mushrooms
B)lichen
C)penicillin
D)bread mold
E)glomeromycetes

Question 29

The fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis is a chytrid that infects and kills frogs in North America. It is an example of a ____.

A)parasite
B)toxin
C)decomposer
D)fermenter
E)mycorrhizal fungus

Question 30

The organisms that make up lichen ____.

A)benefit from each other
B)infect human body surfaces
C)increase the surface area of plant partners
D)obtain sugar by fungal photosynthesis
E)are plant parasites

Question 31

Match the term with the correct statement.
a.grows inside living plants and siphons sugars
b.baker's yeast
c.human fungal vaginitis
d.black bread mold
e.infects trees and feeds on the decaying remains
f.soy sauce fermentation
g.edible mycorrhizal fungi
​Armillaria

Question 32

What are soil fungi with hyphae that grow into plant roots and branch inside the cell walls of plant root cells?

A)chytrids
B)glomeromycetes
C)zygote fungi
D)sac fungi
E)club fungi

Question 33

In fungi, the individual cellular filaments of the body are called ____.

A)mycelia
B)hyphae
C)mycorrhizae
D)asci
E)yeast

Question 34

Match the term with the correct statement.
a.grows inside living plants and siphons sugars
b.baker's yeast
c.human fungal vaginitis
d.black bread mold
e.infects trees and feeds on the decaying remains
f.soy sauce fermentation
g.edible mycorrhizal fungi
zygote fungus

Question 35

In fungi, food materials are digested ____.

A)within food vacuoles
B)outside the body
C)intracellularly
D)by the mitochondria
E)by the host organism

Question 36

As long as food is plentiful, a zygote fungus ____.

A)reproduces sexually
B)grows as a diploid organism
C)produces spores from an aerial hypha
D)forms gametangia
E)grows as a haploid mycelium and produces spores by mitosis

Question 37

Glomeromycete fungi and plants take part in a mycorrhiza that ____.

A)benefits the plant, but harms the fungus
B)benefits the fungus, but harms the plant
C)harms both the plant and the fungus
D)allows the fungus to use its host to disperse spores
E)benefits both the plant and the fungus

Question 38

Which fungal subgroup includes the oldest fungal lineages, are the only living fungi that make flagellated spores, and function in aquatic decomposition?

A)chytrids
B)glomeromycetes
C)zygote fungi
D)sac fungi
E)club fungi

Question 39

Match the term with the correct statement.
a.grows inside living plants and siphons sugars
b.baker's yeast
c.human fungal vaginitis
d.black bread mold
e.infects trees and feeds on the decaying remains
f.soy sauce fermentation
g.edible mycorrhizal fungi
Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Question 40

Where are the fungal hyphae in a mycorrhiza?

A)within the space between the cell wall and the plasma membrane of root cells
B)in the cytoplasm of root cells
C)on the surface of plant stems, above ground
D)within the vasculature of the leaves of a plant
E)on the outside of the cell wall of root cells

Question 41

​Match the term with the correct statement.
a.​used to produce vaccines in labs
b.​frog parasite
c.​breaks down cellulose for grazing hoofed mammals
d.​ringworm
e.​black bread mold
f.​possible medically supervised treatment for PTSD
g.​edible fruiting body of club fungus
h.​used to make LSD
i.​infects flies and changes their behavior
​Rhizopus stolonifer

Question 42

?Match the term with the correct statement.

-ergotamine

A)used to produce vaccines in labs
B)frog parasite
C)breaks down cellulose for grazing hoofed mammals
D)ringworm
E)black bread mold
F)possible medically supervised treatment for PTSD
G)edible fruiting body of club fungus
H)used to make LSD
I)infects flies and changes their behavior

Question 43

​Match the term with the correct statement.
a.​used to produce vaccines in labs
b.​frog parasite
c.​breaks down cellulose for grazing hoofed mammals
d.​ringworm
e.​black bread mold
f.​possible medically supervised treatment for PTSD
g.​edible fruiting body of club fungus
h.​used to make LSD
i.​infects flies and changes their behavior
​Entomophthora muscae

Question 44

​Match the term with the correct statement.
a.​used to produce vaccines in labs
b.​frog parasite
c.​breaks down cellulose for grazing hoofed mammals
d.​ringworm
e.​black bread mold
f.​possible medically supervised treatment for PTSD
g.​edible fruiting body of club fungus
h.​used to make LSD
i.​infects flies and changes their behavior
​chytrid fungi

Question 45

​Match the term with the correct statement.
a.​used to produce vaccines in labs
b.​frog parasite
c.​breaks down cellulose for grazing hoofed mammals
d.​ringworm
e.​black bread mold
f.​possible medically supervised treatment for PTSD
g.​edible fruiting body of club fungus
h.​used to make LSD
i.​infects flies and changes their behavior
​B. dendrobatidis

Question 46

​Match the term with the correct statement.
a.​used to produce vaccines in labs
b.​frog parasite
c.​breaks down cellulose for grazing hoofed mammals
d.​ringworm
e.​black bread mold
f.​possible medically supervised treatment for PTSD
g.​edible fruiting body of club fungus
h.​used to make LSD
i.​infects flies and changes their behavior
​sac fungus

Question 47

​Match the term with the correct statement.
a.​used to produce vaccines in labs
b.​frog parasite
c.​breaks down cellulose for grazing hoofed mammals
d.​ringworm
e.​black bread mold
f.​possible medically supervised treatment for PTSD
g.​edible fruiting body of club fungus
h.​used to make LSD
i.​infects flies and changes their behavior
​psilocybin

Question 48

Match the term with the correct statement.
a.grows inside living plants and siphons sugars
b.baker's yeast
c.human fungal vaginitis
d.black bread mold
e.infects trees and feeds on the decaying remains
f.soy sauce fermentation
g.edible mycorrhizal fungi
powdery mildews

Question 49

​Match the term with the correct statement.
a.​used to produce vaccines in labs
b.​frog parasite
c.​breaks down cellulose for grazing hoofed mammals
d.​ringworm
e.​black bread mold
f.​possible medically supervised treatment for PTSD
g.​edible fruiting body of club fungus
h.​used to make LSD
i.​infects flies and changes their behavior
​button mushroom

Question 50

​Match the term with the correct statement.
a.​used to produce vaccines in labs
b.​frog parasite
c.​breaks down cellulose for grazing hoofed mammals
d.​ringworm
e.​black bread mold
f.​possible medically supervised treatment for PTSD
g.​edible fruiting body of club fungus
h.​used to make LSD
i.​infects flies and changes their behavior
​S. cerevisiae