Deck 24: Beyond Our Solar System

Question 1

A star in which light cannot escape because of the immense gravitational pull at its surface is called a ________.

A) black hole
B) main-sequence star
C) red giant
D) white dwarf

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which color stars have the coolest surface temperature?

A) red
B) orange
C) yellow
D) blue

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which main-sequence stars are the most massive?

A) red
B) orange
C) yellow
D) blue

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The point in stellar evolution when a star has used up all its fuel and is radiating away its remaining thermal energy as light is the ________ stage.

A) black hole
B) main-sequence star
C) red giant
D) white dwarf

Question 5

Most stars are in this stage of evolution.

A) black hole
B) main-sequence star
C) red giant
D) white dwarf

Question 6

These stars are produced during a supernova event.

A) black hole
B) main-sequence star
C) red giant
D) white dwarf

Question 7

The Sun belongs to this class of stars.

A) black hole
B) main-sequence star
C) red giant
D) white dwarf

Question 8

Which main-sequence stars are the least massive?

A) red
B) orange
C) yellow
D) blue

Question 9

The final stage for a star which is as massive as the Sun is a ________.

A) black hole
B) main-sequence star
C) red giant
D) black dwarf

Question 10

Which one of the objects listed below has the largest size?

A) globular clusters
B) galaxies
C) stars
D) nebula

Question 11

This property of a star can be determined from its color.

A) mass
B) stellar distance
C) volume
D) surface temperature

Question 12

The distance to stars can be determined from ________.

A) fluorescence
B) stellar parallax
C) stellar mass
D) emission nebulae

Question 13

When a main-sequence star has exhausted the fuel in the inner region, it becomes a ________.

A) black hole
B) main-sequence star
C) red giant
D) black dwarf

Question 14

One of the most common units used to express stellar distance is the ________.

A) mile
B) meter
C) light-year
D) kilometer

Question 15

Which color stars have the highest surface temperature?

A) red
B) orange
C) yellow
D) blue

Question 16

The most dense stars known to exist are ________.

A) black holes
B) neutron stars
C) white dwarfs
D) red dwarfs

Question 17

Possibly the most cataclysmic event to occur in nature is ________.

A) a nova
B) a supernova
C) hydrogen burning
D) electron degeneration

Question 18

Our galaxy is called the ________.

A) Milky Way galaxy
B) Panorama galaxy
C) Orion galaxy
D) Pleiades galaxy

Question 19

The measure of a star's brightness is called its ________.

A) parallax
B) color
C) magnitude
D) intensity

Question 20

The final stage in the evolution of the most massive stars is a ________.

A) black hole
B) main-sequence star
C) red giant
D) white dwarf

Question 21

The red shift refers to the tendency of stars to cool and become red in color.

Question 22

Word Analysis. Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern.
A. spiral B. irregular D. cubic D. elliptical

Question 23

The larger the magnitude number, the brighter will be the star.

Question 24

Stars having the same surface temperature radiate the same amount of energy per unit area.

Question 25

Stars spend most of their life span as main-sequence stars.

Question 26

A first magnitude star is ________ times brighter than a 5th magnitude star.

A) 100
B) 40
C) 10
D) 5

Question 27

The measure of a star's brightness is called its magnitude.

Question 28

Hubble's law states that galaxies are receding from us at a speed that is proportional to their ________.

A) distance
B) orientation
C) volume
D) mass

Question 29

Word Analysis. Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern.
A. magnitude B. color C. temperature D. composition

Question 30

The hottest main-sequence stars are also the most massive.

Question 31

The discovery that the universe appears to be expanding led to a widely accepted theory called ________.

A) the Big Bang
B) Hubble's Law
C) Einstein's Law
D) the Doppler effect

Question 32

Using stellar parallax, astronomers are able to determine the distance to even the most distant stars.

Question 33

Word Analysis. Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern.
A. neutron star B. supernova C. white dwarf D. black hole

Question 34

Stars with a surface temperature 3000 K appear red in color.

Question 35

Based on the observed red shifts in the spectral lines of distant galaxies, astronomers conclude that ________.

A) Earth is in the center of the universe
B) the universe is contracting
C) the universe is expanding
D) the universe is in a steady state

Question 36

Word Analysis. Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern.
A. Red Giant B. neutron star C. main sequence D. Red Supergiants

Question 37

The Sun is considered an average star.

Question 38

Cool stars evolve much more quickly than do hot stars.

Question 39

Stars spend most of their life span as giants.

Question 40

Most galaxies in the universe are moving away from us.

Question 41

Very large red stars, such as Betelgeuse in the constellation Orion, are called ________.

Question 42

The most dense objects are known are black holes.

Question 43

More than 50 percent of the stars in the universe occur in pairs or multiples.

Question 44

The final stage in the evolution of a star like our Sun is a neutron star.

Question 45

The Milky Way is classified as a spiral galaxy.

Question 46

The name applied to large quantities of interstellar dust and gas is ________.

Question 47

If one star is 5 magnitudes brighter than another, it will appear about ________ times brighter than the dimmer star.

Question 48

The distance light travels in a year, called a(n) ________, is used by astronomers to measure stellar distances.

Question 49

The greatest number of galaxies belong to the type known as elliptical galaxies.

Question 50

The least massive main-sequence stars are blue in color.

Question 51

Stars that radiate short pulses of radio energy are called ________.

Question 52

Possibly the most cataclysmic event associated with the death of a star is the ________.

Question 53

The measurement of the slight back-and-forth shifting in a nearby star's position due to the orbital motion of Earth is called ________.

Question 54

Most galaxies are of this type.

Question 55

Our galaxy is called the Milky Way.

Question 56

What property of a star can be determined from its color?

Question 57

Which color stars have the highest surface temperature?

Question 58

Our galaxy is called the ________.

Question 59

The "true" brightness of a star is called its ________ magnitude.

Question 60

What is the name of the theory which states that the universe is expanding?

Question 61

Briefly discuss stellar evolution. What forces are opposing one another throughout the life of a star and how do they influence the various stages in the life cycle of a star?

Question 62

On an H-R Diagram, the Sun belongs to a group of stars called ________ stars.

Question 63

Hubble's law states that galaxies are receding from us at a speed that is proportional to their ________.

Question 64

Label the Giant and Supergiant stars, the Main Sequence stars, and the White dwarf stars on the H-R diagram below.

Question 65

How do we calculate or determine the distances to stars? What units do we use and what are the limitations (if any) of the method used for such calculations?

Question 66

Stars with a surface temperature of 3000 K appear ________ in color.

Question 67

Stars that are composed of matter in which electrons have combined with protons are called ________ stars.

Question 68

Briefly explain the sequence of events that are illustrated in Figure 24.11 below.

Question 69

A star in which light cannot escape because of the immense gravitational pull is called a(n) ________.