Deck 14: Ocean Water and Ocean Life

Question 1

A rapid change in temperature with depth in the ocean is called the ________.

A) homocline
B) thermocline
C) pycnocline
D) isocline
E) barocline

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The proportion of dissolved substances in seawater is expressed as ⁰/₀₀ which is the same as ________.

A) parts per hundred
B) parts per thousand
C) parts per million

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Organisms, such as algae and bacteria, that drift with ocean currents are known as ________.

A) nekton
B) plankton
C) benthos organisms
D) biomass
E) none of these

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The upper part of the ocean into which sunlight penetrates is called the ________ zone.

A) thermal
B) Photic
C) life
D) mixing

Question 5

________ organisms live on or in the ocean bottom.

A) Nektonic
B) Planktonic
C) Scavenging
D) Benthos
E) none of these

Question 6

The dissolved materials in seawater are thought to originate from chemical weathering of rocks on the continents and also from ________.

A) organisms
B) evaporation of fresh water
C) erosion
D) outgassing of elements from Earth's interior
E) none of these

Question 7

Desalination is not a viable source for producing large amounts of fresh water because of ________.

A) environmental regulations
B) technology
C) cost
D) all of these

Question 8

The mass of all living organisms on Earth is called the ________.

A) nekton
B) plankton
C) benthos organisms
D) biomass

Question 9

The area where the land and ocean meet and overlap is called the ________ zone.

A) intertidal zone
B) neritic
C) oceanic
D) none of these

Question 10

Density in seawater is determined by ________.

A) temperature
B) salinity
C) both A and B
D) none of these

Question 11

Animals capable of moving independently of the ocean currents, by swimming or other means of propulsion, are called ________.

A) nekton
B) plankton
C) benthos organisms
D) biomass

Question 12

Salinity in the ocean is highest in regions where ________ is high and ________ is low.

A) evaporation; precipitation
B) precipitation; evaporation
C) temperature; evaporation
D) precipitation; temperature

Question 13

A rapid change in density with depth in the ocean is called the ________.

A) homocline
B) thermocline
C) pycnocline
D) isocline
E) barocline

Question 14

Thermoclines in the ocean are best developed at ________.

A) lower latitudes
B) higher latitudes
C) both high and low latitudes
D) regions close to continents

Question 15

Technically, algae are called ________.

A) zooplankton
B) bioplankton
C) phytoplankton
D) nektoplankton

Question 16

The most abundant salt in seawater is ________.

A) KCl
B) MgCl₂
C) NaCl
D) none of these

Question 17

Most marine animals live near the surface of the ocean because of ________, which supports photosynthesis by marine algae that form the basis of the food chain.

A) sunlight
B) air
C) warmer temperatures
D) all of these

Question 18

The total amount of solid material dissolved in water is known as ________.

A) load
B) salinity
C) solute
D) insoluble residue

Question 19

The speed of sound in the ocean has been measured to determine changes in ________ of the ocean.

A) volume
B) salinity
C) temperature
D) density
E) none of these

Question 20

The ________ zone is the near-surface zone of the ocean where light is strong enough for photosynthesis to occur.

A) Photic
B) aphotic
C) euphotic
D) synphotic

Question 21

Open ocean of any depth where animals swim or float freely is known as the ________ zone.

A) pelagic
B) benthic
C) abyssal
D) unrestricted

Question 22

Salinity is the most important factor in the process of photosynthesis.

Question 23

Word Analysis. Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern.
A. sodium chloride B. magnesium chloride C. sodium sulfate D. carbon dioxide

Question 24

Productivity in temperate oceans is determined by ________.

A) latitude
B) seasons
C) ocean currents
D) all of these

Question 25

Desalination is currently our most productive and efficient source of fresh water.

Question 26

Word Analysis. Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern.
A. photic zone B. intertidal zone C. neritic zone D. oceanic zone

Question 27

Thermoclines in the ocean are best developed at lower latitudes.

Question 28

The density of seawater is controlled by temperature and salinity.

Question 29

Productivity is highest in ________.

A) polar oceans
B) tropical oceans
C) temperate oceans

Question 30

The amount of carbon fixed by organisms through the synthesis of organic matter using energy derived from solar radiation is called ________.

A) chemosynthesis
B) photosynthesis
C) primary productivity
D) none of these

Question 31

Seaward of the low tide line is called the ________ zone.

A) intertidal
B) neritic
C) oceanic
D) none of these

Question 32

Word Analysis. Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern.
A. plankton B. nekton C. neritic D. benthos

Question 33

Halite (sodium chloride) is the most abundant salt found in seawater.

Question 34

In the food chain, each feeding stage is called a ________ level.

A) trophic
B) bios
C) replenishment
D) none of these

Question 35

Clams, sponges, and other bottom-dwelling animals are called benthos organisms.

Question 36

Plankton are organisms that swim freely in the ocean.

Question 37

Salinity refers to all of the solid materials in seawater, both dissolved and visible.

Question 38

The upper part of the ocean into which sunlight penetrates is called the photic zone.

Question 39

The rapid change in temperature with depth in the ocean is called the pycnocline.

Question 40

The aphotic zone is the near-surface zone of the ocean where light is strong enough for photosynthesis to occur.

Question 41

The pycnocline is a rapid change in ________ with depth in the ocean.

Question 42

The removal of salts and other chemicals to extract fresh water from seawater is called ________.

Question 43

Productivity in the oceans is highest in tropical regions.

Question 44

The ________ zone refers to the area where the land and ocean meet and overlap.

Question 45

Marine organisms are influenced by a variety of physical oceanographic factors including ________, ________, and ________.

Question 46

________ level refers to each of the feeding stages in the food chain.

Question 47

What is the relationship of marine life zones to the distance from a given shoreline? Briefly discuss the factors that control or cause these different zones. Where are these factors on Figure 14.12 below and is one factor more important than the others?

Question 48

Feeding stages in the food chain are known as trophic levels.

Question 49

Among plankton, animals that drift on ocean currents are specifically known as ________.

Question 50

Discuss variations in temperature and density of seawater with depth in the oceans. Please use Figure 14.3 to help with your discussion. What are the key factors that influence or control temperature and density? Are these variations the same worldwide or are they specific to certain regions? Explain.

Question 51

The emission of water vapor and other gases from volcanoes is called ________.

Question 52

The neritic zone is where the land and ocean meet and overlap.

Question 53

The ________ zone refers to areas of the ocean, regardless of depth, where animals swim or float freely.

Question 54

________ refers to the mass of all living organisms on Earth.

Question 55

Clams, sponges, and crabs are all examples of ________ organisms.

Question 56

________ refers to the total amount of dissolved materials in water.

Question 57

________ refers to the change in temperature with depth in the ocean.

Question 58

The open ocean, regardless of depth, where animals swim or float freely is called the abyssal zone.

Question 59

________ include all organisms that drift with ocean currents.