Question 1

A ________ rhythm is one that is observed to start and/or end abruptly.&#10;A) paradoxical&#10;B) paroxysmal&#10;C) pathologic&#10;D) premature

Accepted Answer

A paroxysmal rhythm is one that has sudden and unpredictable bursts or episodes of activity.

Question 2

The intrinsic firing rate of the AV junction is:&#10;A) 10 to 20 BPM.&#10;B) 40 to 60 BPM.&#10;C) 60 to 100 BPM.&#10;D) 100 to 160 BPM.

Accepted Answer

The intrinsic firing rate of the AV junction is typically between 40 to 60 beats per minute (BPM).

Question 3

When the junctional firing rate exceeds 100 beats per minute, it is referred to as:&#10;A) accelerated junctional.&#10;B) junctional bradycardia.&#10;C) junctional tachycardia.&#10;D) junctional escape.

Accepted Answer

When the firing rate of the junctional tissue exceeds 100 beats per minute, it is considered a junctional tachycardia. A junctional escape rhythm is when the junctional tissue takes over as the pacemaker due to the failure of the SA node, while accelerated junctional refers to a firing rate between 60-100 beats per minute. Junctional bradycardia occurs when the firing rate drops below 60 beats per minute.

Question 4

A rhythm that has increased automaticity in the AV junction, causing the junction to discharge impulses at a rate faster than its intrinsic rate, is called:&#10;A) accelerated junctional rhythm.&#10;B) tachycardic junctional.&#10;C) supraventricular junctional.&#10;D) junctional reentry.

Accepted Answer

An accelerated junctional rhythm occurs when the AV junction has increased automaticity and is discharging impulses at a rate faster than its intrinsic rate. Tachycardic junctional and supraventricular junctional rhythms are not recognized medical terms. Junctional reentry is a type of arrhythmia where electrical impulses within the AV junction create a reentry circuit, but it does not necessarily involve an increased automaticity in the AV junction.

Question 5

When a patient is having complaints such as shortness of breath, chest pain, low blood pressure, etc., these are referred to as:&#10;A) asymptomatic.&#10;B) parasymptomatic.&#10;C) symptomatic.&#10;D) noncompliant.

Accepted Answer

Symptoms are physical or emotional sensations that a patient experiences and reports, which can indicate an underlying medical condition. Shortness of breath, chest pain, and low blood pressure are all symptoms that should be reported to healthcare professionals for proper evaluation and treatment. Asymptomatic means the patient has no symptoms, parasymptomatic is not a medical term, and noncompliant describes a patient who is not following medical advice or treatment.

Question 6

________ rhythms are those that are initiated in the area of the AV junction.&#10;A) Atrioventricular&#10;B) Depolarized&#10;C) Junctional&#10;D) Ventricular

Accepted Answer

Junctional rhythms are initiated in the area of the AV junction, which is located between the atria and ventricles.

Question 7

Which of the following can cause junctional escape beats or junctional escape rhythm?&#10;A) SA node disease&#10;B) Hypoxia&#10;C) Certain cardiac drugs&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Junctional escape beats/rhythm occur when the normal pacemaker of the heart, the sinoatrial (SA) node, fails to generate electrical impulses or the impulses are blocked from reaching the atria. This can happen due to SA node disease, hypoxia, or certain cardiac drugs. Therefore, all of the above options can cause junctional escape beats or rhythm.

Question 8

In the junctional rhythm, the electrical impulse is most often traveling away from the ________ electrode.&#10;A) negative&#10;B) ground&#10;C) unipolor&#10;D) positive

Accepted Answer

In a junctional rhythm, the electrical impulse originates near the AV node and travels away from the positive electrode, often resulting in inverted P waves in the ECG.

Question 9

Junctional escape rhythm is sometimes called a junctional bradycardia when the rate falls below:&#10;A) 40 BPM.&#10;B) 50 BPM.&#10;C) 60 BPM.&#10;D) 70 BPM.

Accepted Answer

Junctional escape rhythm is termed junctional bradycardia when the heart rate falls below 40 beats per minute (BPM).

Question 10

Occurrences of premature junctional contractions are often life-threatening.&#10;A) False&#10;B) True

Accepted Answer

Premature junctional contractions are not typically life-threatening and can be a normal finding in some individuals. They are usually benign and do not require treatment unless they are occurring frequently or causing symptoms.

Question 11

A pause that occurs after an ectopic beat in which the SA node is unaffected and the cadence of the heart is uninterrupted is called:&#10;A) junctional pause.&#10;B) noncompensatory pause.&#10;C) atrial pause.&#10;D) compensatory pause.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A pause that occurs after an ectopic...

Question 12

A pause that causes the underlying rhythm to be interrupted is:&#10;A) noncompensatory.&#10;B) compensatory.&#10;C) junctional.&#10;D) supraventricular.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A pause that causes the underlying rhythm...

Question 13

When the SA node fails to generate an impulse or the rate of impulse generation falls below that of the AV node, the resulting rhythm is called a:&#10;A) premature junction complex rhythm.&#10;B) junctional tachycardia rhythm.&#10;C) junctional escape rhythm.&#10;D) junctional atrial rhythm.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When the SA node fails to generate...

Question 14

When the electrical impulses travel in a backward direction, this is known as:&#10;A) antigrade.&#10;B) postgrade.&#10;C) multigrade.&#10;D) retrograde.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When the electrical impulses travel in a...

Question 15

The direction of the &#34;P&#34; wave in a junctional rhythm most often has a(n) ________ deflection from the isoelectric line.&#10;A) positive&#10;B) negative&#10;C) neutral&#10;D) antigrade

Accepted Answer

The answer of The direction of the &#34;P&#34; wave in...

Deck 9: Introducing the Junctional Rhythms