Deck 6: Behavior Therapy Martin M Antony

Question 1

Which of the following represents one of the personality dimensions of the five-factor model?

A) Reactive
B) Recklessness
C) Extraversion
D) Passivity

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Avoidance of an event that produces anxiety is

A) positively reinforcing.
B) negatively reinforcing.
C) stimulus control.
D) punishing.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

When individuals attempt to evade negative or distressing private experiences, ACT therapists would call this

A) cognitive defusion.
B) deflection.
C) minimization.
D) experiential avoidance.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Classical conditioning is viewed as the pairing of conditioned stimuli with unconditioned stimuli and the process of learning

A) punishment follows the conditioned stimuli.
B) reinforcement follows the unconditioned stimuli.
C) correlational or contingent relationships are present.
D) a relationship does not exist between stimuli.

Question 5

What refers to a behavior that stops occurring because it is no longer followed by a positive consequence?

A) Reinforcement
B) Punishment
C) Extinction
D) Generalization

Question 6

Behaviorists view abnormal behavior as

A) psychopathological.
B) physiologically based illnesses.
C) governed by rules of learning.
D) the result of unconscious conflict.

Question 7

Behavioral approaches considered part of the "Third Wave" include

A) rational emotive therapy.
B) cognitive therapy.
C) dialectical behavioral therapy.
D) multimodal therapy.

Question 8

The first figure linked with the rise of behaviorism in the United States in the early 1900s was
B) Watson.

A) J. Wolpe.
B) I. Pavlov.
C) H. J. Eysenck.
D) J.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is NOT considered in context with the emotional-processing theory?

A) A stimulus component
B) A response component
C) A meaning component
D) Monitoring forms and diaries

Question 10

The acquisition of new knowledge and behavior by observing other people and events is called

A) vicarious learning.
B) classical condition.
C) stimulus control.
D) operant conditioning.

Question 11

The social-cognitive theory (previously referred to as social learning) suggests that

A) one must uncover hypothesized hidden motives for behavior.
B) identification of defense mechanisms a person utilizes is crucial.
C) cognitions can be measured through assessment of personality characteristics.
D) individuals learn through watching the behavior of others.

Question 12

Behavioral therapy often leads to improvements in areas of functioning that were not directly targeted in treatment. This is known as

A) desensitization.
B) cognitive defusion.
C) symptom substitution.
D) generalization.

Question 13

A behavioral therapist focuses on the antecedents and consequences associated with a behavior. Which approach is the therapist utilizing?

A) Mindfulness
B) Cognitive defusion
C) Functional analysis
D) Vicarious learning

Question 14

Behavioral theory is rooted in

A) empiricism.
B) psychodynamics.
C) humanism.
D) eclecticism.

Question 15

Which of the following training types involves using strategies for reducing the effects of anxiety and stress on the body?

A) Relaxation training
B) Activity scheduling
C) Problem-solving training
D) Social skill training

Question 16

A positive reinforcer should affect behavior by

A) generally strengthening it.
B) suppressing it in most situations.
C) completely eliminating it.
D) indirectly relating it to a CS.

Question 17

In contrast to psychoanalysts, behavior therapists are

A) less genuine.
B) less disclosing.
C) past-oriented.
D) more directive.

Question 18

When the Society of Clinical Psychology of the American Psychological Association developed a list of the most efficacious, empirically based treatment approaches, which therapy approach dominated the list?

A) Psychoanalytic
B) Analytical
C) Behavioral or cognitive behavioral
D) Family systems

Question 19

A US is typically a stimulus that naturally causes a characteristic response known as

A) conditioned stimulus.
B) unconditioned response.
C) unconditioned stimulus.
D) conditioned response.

Question 20

In behavioral therapy, the goals are ultimately set by the

A) diagnosis.
B) family.
C) client.
D) therapist.

Question 21

_______ is usually associated with the development of systematic desensitization.

Question 22

In the treatment of anxiety disorders, _______ techniques are often used, such as diaphragmatic breathing.

Question 23

In order to help a patient quit smoking, a therapist asks the patient to record what he or she was doing before smoking and how he or she feels afterward. This is an example of using a _______ technique.

Question 24

A behavior therapist treating a shy patient might target

A) behavioral deficits.
B) functional analysis.
C) eye contact.
D) analog observation.

Question 25

Which of the following assessment techniques would yield the best functional analysis for a behavioral therapist?

A) Direct behavioral observation
B) Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2
C) Beck Depression Inventory-II
D) Projective tests

Question 26

_______________ is a reinforcement-based strategy in which the client's environment is changed so that unwanted behaviors are no longer reinforced.

Question 27

Exposure therapy that involves purposely inducing physical sensations in the body is known as

A) imaginal exposure.
B) interoceptive exposure.
C) reorientation therapy.
D) marginal conditioning.

Question 28

A therapist attempts to assist a patient with anorexia nervosa by encouraging her to face her anxieties about eating directly. This approach is consistent with the ACT concept of addressing _______.

Question 29

Which of the following techniques would a behavioral therapist be LEAST likely to use?

A) Self-report scales
B) Free association
C) Behavioral interviews
D) Monitoring forms and diaries

Question 30

A significant challenge to overcome when conducting behavioral observations is

A) reactivity.
B) unconsciousness.
C) prejudice.
D) intellectualization.

Question 31

Behaviorists recommend that treatment outcome be assessed through

A) multiple projective and objective techniques.
B) subjective measures completed by the client.
C) only therapist's ratings of success.
D) multiple, objective and subjective measures.

Question 32

Exposure therapy primarily involves

A) immediately confronting a client with an intense anxiety situation.
B) incrementally exposing a client to anxiety-producing stimuli.
C) modeling for the client how to substitute assertive behavior for anxiety.
D) using an unpleasant consequence such as shock when anxiety is experienced.

Question 33

Some behaviorists reject theories of personality, but others recognize that the data regarding traits is convincing. An example of a model that many behaviorists might accept is Costa and McCrae's _____________ model.

Question 34

Problem-solving training is designed to help people solve problems systematically by teaching them five core steps. Which of the following steps involves examining the costs and benefits of each solution generated in identifying possible solutions?

A) Choose the best solution
B) Define the problems
C) Evaluate the solutions
D) Implementation

Question 35

By pairing a US and a CS, a person (or animal) comes to expect the occurrence of the US whenever exposed to the CS and eventually develops a ____________________when encountering the CS alone.

Question 36

Behavioral assessment usually relies on multiple methods such as

A) family members.
B) self-report symptom measures.
C) school.
D) therapist's office.

Question 37

Which of the following is a core feature of behavioral activation?

A) Social skill training
B) Activity scheduling
C) Problem-solving training
D) Modeling

Question 38

In an initial assessment, which of the following factors would be LEAST important in establishing a treatment plan?

A) Coping skills the client maintains
B) Current reinforcement contingencies
C) Client's perception of the problem
D) Early childhood experiences

Question 39

A research design that begins with a baseline period followed by an intervention followed by withdrawal of the intervention with possible later reintroduction is known as

A) a manual-based approach.
B) actuarial judgment.
C) reversal design.
D) single case study.

Question 40

Dialectical behavioral therapy focuses on the balance between _________ and _______.

Question 41

Another term for a punishment-based strategy such as giving a patient with alcoholism Antabuse so he vomits if he drinks is _______.

Question 42

A therapist is asked to treat a patient with a phobia of bridges and tunnels. The therapist wants to use the primary evidence-based approach. Name and describe the technique(s) the therapist would use.

Question 43

To treat a patient with a phobia, a therapist helps the patient develop a hierarchy of anxiety-producing situations and then helps the patient face those situations. This is termed _______.

Question 44

The main premise of behavioral therapy is that problematic behaviors, cognitions, and emotions have been learned and can be unlearned under the right conditions. How does this basic premise contrast with psychoanalytic theories?

Question 45

Behavior therapists often use approaches that address covert behaviors (i.e., thoughts and images). How are these techniques (e.g., guided imagery) used? How would a behavioral therapist explain the theory behind why they are used in therapy?

Question 46

Behavioral therapy approaches can be described as occurring in waves. What was the focus of the first and second wave? How are the "third wave" approaches of dialectical behavior therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy similar and different from these earlier approaches?

Question 47

Several of the core principles and methods of behavior therapy are assumed by behavior therapists to be universal and applicable across cultures and even across species. However, there are many ways in which culture can affect the relationship between therapist and client and the acceptability of treatment, ultimately affecting the client's willingness to work within a behavioral framework. From a behavioral perspective, how is the conceptualization of the environment relevant to multicultural case planning?