Deck 11: Human Body Systems

Question 1

Most of the absorption of nutrients (besides water) takes place in the ________.

A)esophagus
B)small intestine
C)stomach
D)large intestine

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following statements about digestion is true?

A)Digestion occurs only in the stomach.
B)Digestion can be both mechanical and chemical, and it occurs both in the mouth and in the stomach.
C)Mechanical digestion occurs only in the stomach; chemical digestion occurs only in the mouth.
D)Digestion is the same thing as ingestion.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Organs are made up of ________ to perform a specific function.

A)different types of cells
B)different types of tissues
C)the one type of cells
D)one type of tissues

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Response to a stimulus, such that the effect of the stimulus is counteracted, is called a ________ feedback.

A)positive
B)complex
C)complementary
D)negative

Question 5

Tissues are made up of ________ that work together to perform a function.

A)organs
B)similar cells
C)different cells
D)organ systems

Question 6

Match the correct structure with its correct tissue.

A)Cartilage is a type of epithelial tissue.
B)Muscle fibers are a part of connective tissue.
C)Neurons make up the nervous tissue.
D)Blood make up epithelial tissue.

Question 7

The alimentary canal is ________.

A)the esophagus
B)the series of digestive organs
C)the small and large intestines
D)the accessory organs

Question 8

________ refers to the function of a body part, while ________ refers to the structure of a body part.

A)Anatomy; physiology
B)Biology; zoology
C)Zoology; biology
D)Physiology; anatomy

Question 9

Organs are made up of ________ type(s) of tissue.

A)One
B)Two
C)Two or more
D)At least five

Question 10

What is the correct hierarchy of organization, from biggest to smallest, in your body?

A)Organism, organ, organ system, tissue, cell
B)Organism, tissue, organ system, organ, cell
C)Organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell
D)Organism, tissue, organ, organ system, cell

Question 11

Connective tissue is the most variable of the tissue types.Which one of the following is not categorized as connective tissue?

A)Bone
B)Blood
C)Fat
D)Muscle

Question 12

How is diabetes linked with homeostasis?

A)Diabetes results from the body having a positive-feedback response to the level of glucose in the blood.
B)Diabetes results from the body responding too strongly to the level of glucose in the blood.
C)Diabetes results from the body not responding with a negative feedback to the level of glucose in the blood.
D)Diabetes is not linked with homeostasis.

Question 13

Which of the following describe the integumentary system?

A)Skin, nails, hair
B)Heart and blood vessels
C)Smooth and skeletal muscles
D)Stomach, liver, intestines

Question 14

Form refers to ________, and function refers to ________.

A)anatomical structure; physiological actions
B)anatomical structure; environmental actions
C)physiological actions; anatomical structure
D)physiological actions; environmental actions

Question 15

Which of the following is an organ system?

A)The heart
B)Epithelial tissue
C)Circulatory system
D)Blood vessels

Question 16

What is the role of the villi?

A)To absorb small nutrient molecules from the digestive tract
B)To move food along the digestive tract
C)To secrete digestive enzymes into the digestive tract
D)To secrete water into the digestive tract

Question 17

Where are the villi located?

A)In the stomach
B)In the large intestine
C)In the small intestine
D)In the esophagus

Question 18

Maintaining a steady-state internal environment, despite a changing external environment, is called ________.

A)heterostasis
B)biofeedback
C)homeostasis
D)bioregulation

Question 19

Epithelial tissues covers ________.

A)the outer layer of skin
B)the outer lining of intestines
C)the outer lining of blood vessels
D)All of the above are covered by epithelial tissues

Question 20

What is the role of the epithelium?

A)Helps protect the body from the external environment
B)Transmits electrical signals throughout the body
C)Contracts to create body movement
D)Provides the padding between the joints

Question 21

The term interface can be used to describe the surface across which molecules and ions are exchanged, often diffusing between external and internal environments or between organ systems.What part of the respiratory system forms the interface between the respiratory system and the circulatory system?

A)Alveoli
B)Trachea
C)Pharynx
D)Bronchioles

Question 22

Which of the following statements is correct?

A)Our body can make all 20 amino acids needed.
B)Our body cannot make any of the 20 amino acids and needs proper nutrition to acquire them.
C)Our body can make a subset of the 20 amino acids, and needs proper nutrition to acquire the ones it cannot make.
D)Our body does not require any amino acids to function properly.

Question 23

Digestion is ________.

A)Only mechanical
B)Only chemical
C)Both mechanical and chemical
D)Neither mechanical nor chemical

Question 24

What is the role of the epiglottis?

A)Produces vocal sounds
B)Filters dust and other impurities from entering the respiratory system
C)Prevents food from entering the windpipe
D)Produces the positive or negative pressures that force air into or out of the lungs

Question 25

What causes a stomach ulcer?

A)Lack of a key nutrient
B)Consuming too many calories
C)Chronic consumption of spicy food
D)A bacterial infection

Question 26

The main role of the large intestine is to ________.

A)absorb nutrients
B)absorb water
C)produce bile, which helps the process of digestion
D)break large food into smaller food bits

Question 27

What is the difference between vitamins and minerals?

A)Vitamins are inorganic nutrients, while minerals are organic nutrients.
B)Vitamins are organic nutrients, while minerals are inorganic nutrients.
C)Vitamins cannot be made by our bodies, while minerals can.
D)There are no main difference between vitamins and minerals.

Question 28

An essential nutrient is specifically a nutrient that your body ________.

A)requires to grow
B)requires to function
C)cannot make by itself
D)cannot store

Question 29

How does a gastric bypass lead to patient losing weight?

A)Gastric fluids are being added to the stomach to improve digestion.
B)The large intestine is bypassed by the surgery so no absorption happens.
C)The small intestine is bypassed by the surgery so no absorption happens.
D)The stomach is reduced in size so patients eat less.

Question 30

Which of the following is a type of essential nutrient?

A)Minerals
B)Organic vitamins
C)Essential amino acids
D)All of the above are types of essential nutrients.

Question 31

The main role of the liver is to ________.

A)absorb nutrients
B)absorb water
C)produce bile, which helps the process of digestion
D)break large food into smaller food bits

Question 32

Examine the calculating BMI chart.What is the most a person 5'6" tall could weigh and still be in the normal range (not overweight)?

A)120 pounds
B)150 pounds
C)180 pounds
D)240 pounds

Question 33

The pulmonary circuit specifically circulates blood ________.

A)from the heart to the lungs
B)from the heart to the rest of the body
C)from the heart to the brain
D)from the heart to the liver

Question 34

What are the four stages of food processing, ordered from beginning to end?

A)Ingestion, digestion, elimination, absorption
B)Digestion, ingestion, absorption, elimination
C)Digestion, absorption, ingestion, elimination
D)Ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination

Question 35

The respiratory system exchanges which gases?

A)Carbon dioxide is inhaled, while oxygen is exhaled.
B)Oxygen is inhaled, while carbon dioxide is exhaled.
C)Both oxygen and carbon dioxide are inhaled, and only carbon dioxide is exhaled.
D)Oxygen is inhaled and exhaled, the gas exchange does not include carbon dioxide.

Question 36

What moves the food from your mouth to your stomach when you swallow?

A)Gravity
B)Peristaltic muscle contractions
C)Enzymes excreted by the salivary glands
D)Pressure difference between zones of the esophagus

Question 37

Which accessory organ's secretions neutralize stomach acid before it reaches the intestines?

A)The salivary glands
B)The gallbladder
C)The liver
D)The pancreas

Question 38

How is BMI calculated?

A)By using a person's height and weight
B)By calculating a person's daily calorie intake
C)By using a person's fat index
D)By examining a person's diet

Question 39

What is chemical digestion?

A)The absorption of food in the small intestine
B)The breakdown of food by enzymes
C)The use of physical actions to break down food
D)The use of villi to break down food

Question 40

What is mechanical digestion?

A)The absorption of food in the small intestine
B)The breakdown of food by enzymes
C)The use of physical actions to break down food
D)The use of villi to break down food

Question 41

The systemic circuit specifically circulates blood ________.

A)from the heart to the lungs
B)from the heart to the rest of the body
C)from the heart to the brain
D)from the heart to the liver

Question 42

What happens during diastole?

A)The heart muscles contract, moving blood to ventricules.
B)The heart muscles contract, moving blood to atria.
C)The heart muscles relax, allowing blood to flow into all chambers of the heart.
D)The heart muscles pause, allowing both atria to empty.

Question 43

A person with carbohydrates A and B on the surface of their red blood cells will have which of the following blood types?

A)Blood type A, as A is dominant over B
B)Blood type B, as B is dominant over A
C)Blood type AB, as both A and B are present
D)Blood type O, as A and B cancel each other out

Question 44

What is the primary function of the sinoatrial node?

A)To initiate the contraction of the heart
B)To increase or decrease blood pressure
C)To open and close the heart valves
D)To supply the heart muscle with oxygen

Question 45

Which of the following correctly explains what a heart attack is?

A)Arteries that supply the brain with oxygen become blocked.
B)Arteries that supply the heart with oxygen become blocked.
C)Veins that supply the brain with oxygen become blocked.
D)Veins that supply the heart with oxygen become blocked.

Question 46

Which of the following blood cells fights infections?

A)Red blood cells
B)Platelets
C)White blood cells
D)Fibrin

Question 47

What is the name of the response to an injury in which fluids leak from dilated blood vessels, causing redness and swelling?

A)Innate response
B)Inflammatory response
C)Clonal selection response
D)Lymphatic response

Question 48

What is the main role of T cells in the immune response?

A)To secrete antibodies
B)To stimulate the production of immune cells
C)To recognize sites of infection
D)To trigger clonal selection

Question 49

Blood types A, B, AB, and O are determined by ________.

A)the capacity of the blood to respond to infections
B)the capacity of the blood to respond to transfusions
C)carbohydrates on the surface of the white blood cells
D)carbohydrates on the surface of the red blood cells

Question 50

Which type of white blood cells produces defensive proteins called antibodies?

A)Phagocytic cells
B)T cells
C)Natural killer cells
D)B cells

Question 51

Select the feature which is involved in the clotting process.

A)Platelets
B)Fibrin
C)Both platelets and fibrin
D)Neither platelets nor fibrin are involved in the clotting process

Question 52

What are lymphocytes?

A)Red blood cells
B)A specific type of antigen
C)White blood cells
D)Cells responsible for clotting

Question 53

What is the main role of red blood cells?

A)Carry sugars
B)Carry oxygen
C)Fight off infections
D)Aid blood in clotting

Question 54

Identify the primary role of the lymphatic system.

A)To distribute hormones around the body
B)To deliver oxygen to the deep muscle cells
C)To produce and store large numbers of white blood cells
D)To filter out cellular wastes from the blood

Question 55

Veins carry ________.

A)blood low in oxygen
B)blood high in oxygen
C)blood high in carbon dioxide
D)blood low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide

Question 56

Which are the thinnest blood vessels?

A)Bronchioles
B)Capillaries
C)Arterioles
D)Venules

Question 57

Select the correct sequence for the pathway of blood through the heart.

A)Body → Left atrium → Left ventricle → Lungs → Right atrium → Right ventricle → Body
B)Body → Left ventricle → Left atrium → Lungs → Right ventricle → Right atrium → Body
C)Body → Right ventricle → Right atrium → Lungs → Left ventricle → Left atrium → Body
D)Body → Right atrium → Right ventricle → Lungs → Left atrium → Left ventricle → Body

Question 58

Choose the defining characteristic of all arteries.

A)They only carry blood back to the heart.
B)They only carry blood away from the heart.
C)They only carry deoxygenated blood.
D)They only carry oxygenated blood.

Question 59

Which carbohydrates are present on the surface of the red blood cells of a person with blood type O?

A)Carbohydrates A
B)Carbohydrates B
C)Carbohydrates O
D)No carbohydrates are present on the surface of the red blood cells

Question 60

The cardiovascular system consists of ________.

A)The heart
B)The blood vessels
C)The blood
D)All of the above are parts of the cardiovascular system

Question 61

The urinary system ________.

A)produces and excretes urine
B)maintains water balance in the body
C)filters toxins out of the bloodstreams
D)all of the above are roles of the urinary system

Question 62

What is the main role of kidneys?

A)To secrete enzymes that help in digestion
B)To filter blood and remove toxins from it
C)To replenish oxygen in the bloodstream
D)To secrete hormones that help in osmoregulation

Question 63

What type of disorder is AIDS?

A)An autoimmune disease
B)An allergic reaction
C)An immune rejection
D)An immunodeficiency

Question 64

What is the condition called when your body's immune system overreacts to an otherwise harmless foreign particle?

A)Arthritis
B)Allergy
C)Diabetes
D)AIDS

Question 65

What is the purpose of dialysis treatments?

A)To constrict blood vessels to prevent death from dehydration
B)To detoxify dangerous chemicals in the bloodstream
C)To replenish oxygen in the bloodstream
D)To keep the airways open so one can breathe

Question 66

Where do fat-soluble hormones act?

A)They bind to receptors on the cell membranes of target cells.
B)They bind to antigens.
C)They bind to receptors within fat tissues.
D)They bind to receptors in the cytoplasm of target cells after diffusing through the plasma membrane.

Question 67

What is the name of the tubes that run from the kidneys to the bladder?

A)Fallopian tubes
B)Urethras
C)Nephrons
D)Ureters

Question 68

Where does the ovule meet the sperm that fertilizes it?

A)In the ovary
B)In the oviduct
C)In the uterus
D)In the vagina

Question 69

What are hormones?

A)They are carbohydrates on the surface of red blood cells that affect targeted cells throughout the body.
B)They are chemicals transported in the blood that affect all cells similarly.
C)They are chemicals transported in the blood that affect target cells throughout the body.
D)They are chemicals that affect cells right next to where they are produced.

Question 70

There are many organs and glands of the endocrine system, but which one is the master controller?

A)The pituitary
B)The thyroid
C)The hypothalamus
D)The pancreas

Question 71

What are gonads?

A)Organs that produce gametes
B)Structures that protect the embryo
C)Tubes that allow sperms and ovules to move
D)The sites where ovule and sperm meet during reproduction

Question 72

Which of the following is a similarity between male and female reproductive systems?

A)They both produce haploid gametes.
B)They both store gametes.
C)They both release gametes.
D)All of the above are similarities between the two systems.

Question 73

When is an unborn child called a fetus?

A)From the 9th week of pregnancy to birth
B)From cleavage to the 9th week of pregnancy
C)From conception through birth
D)From cleavage to birth

Question 74

What is the part of the kidney where urine is formed?

A)The nephron
B)The ureter
C)The liver
D)The blood vessels

Question 75

The way the pancreas regulates glucose levels in the blood stream follows ________.

A)a positive feedback mechanism
B)a negative feedback mechanism
C)instructions from the brain
D)The pancreas is not involved in regulating glucose levels in the blood.

Question 76

Which medication prevents viral infections by priming the immune system against a specific virus?

A)Vaccines
B)Antibiotics
C)Diuretics
D)Anti-inflammatory medication

Question 77

In spermatogenesis, ________.

A)haploid sperms are produced
B)diploid sperms are produced
C)both sperms and ovules are produced
D)diploid gametes are produced

Question 78

How long does it take, on average, for an ovule to go from the ovary to the uterus?

A)One hour
B)One day
C)Seven days
D)The ovule does not reach the uterus, it remains in the oviduct

Question 79

The release of an egg from an ovary is called ________.

A)oogenesis
B)gametogenesis
C)ovulation
D)menstruation

Question 80

The urethra ________.

A)adds fluids to semen
B)is a tube that conveys both urine and semen
C)is a structure where semen is stored
D)is where sperms are produced