Deck 1: Basic Concepts of Chemistry

Question 1

What is the name of the element with the symbol B?

A) barium
B) beryllium
C) bismuth
D) boron
E) bromine

Answer 1

boron

Question 2

Which of the following statements concerning green chemistry is not correct?

A) It is better to prevent waste than to treat or clean up waste after it is formed.
B) Synthetic methods should be designed to use and generate substances that possess little or no toxicity to human health or the environment.
C) Substances used in a chemical process should pose minimal risk for accidents.
D) Raw materials should be renewable whenever technically and economically practical.
E) Chemical syntheses should be done at extremely high temperatures to ensure harmful bacteria are destroyed.

Answer 2

Chemical syntheses should be done at extremely high temperatures to ensure harmful bacteria are destroyed.

Question 3

A hypothesis is a _____.

A) concise statement of behavior that is always the same under the same conditions
B) set of quantitative data
C) tentative explanation or predication based upon experimental observations
D) well-tested unifying principle that explains a body of facts
E) mathematical formula that models a pattern of behavior

Answer 3

tentative explanation or predication based upon experimental observations

Question 4

Which one of the following statements is not a comparison of physical properties?

A) Mercury and gallium are both liquids at 50 °C.
B) Oxygen is more soluble in water than helium.
C) Silver and gold are malleable metals.
D) Oxygen and nitrogen are both liquids at -200 °C.
E) Calcium reacts more quickly than iron in acids.

Question 5

An electrically charged atom or group of atoms is a(n)________.

A) element
B) ion
C) molecule
D) heterogeneous mixture
E) solution

Question 6

A number of the heaviest elements on the periodic table are named for famous scientists.Element number 101 was most likely named for which famous scientist?

A) Alfred Nobel
B) Nicolaus Copernicus
C) Glen Seaborg
D) Dmitri Mendeleev
E) Marie Curie

Question 7

What is the correct symbol for silver?

A) S
B) Si
C) Ag
D) Sr
E) Au

Question 8

A pure substance composed of two or more different elements is a(n)________.

A) ion
B) heterogeneous mixture
C) chemical compound
D) solid
E) solution

Question 9

Which of the following is not a mixture?

A) sea shells
B) ice cream
C) gasoline
D) wine
E) diamond

Question 10

Which of the following terms best describes ammonia,NH₃?

A) Homogeneous mixture
B) Ion
C) Element
D) Chemical compound
E) Atom

Question 11

The element whose symbol is Sn is

A) tin.
B) calcium.
C) calcium...
D) calcium..
E) none of these.

Question 12

A(n)________ is a pure substance that is composed of only one type of atom.

A) ion
B) solution
C) element
D) molecule
E) gas

Question 13

Which one of the following substances is classified as a chemical compound?

A) Ir
B) He
C) Ho
D) HI
E) In

Question 14

Which one of the following substances is classified as a molecular element?

A) I₂
B) NO
C) KCl
D) C₆H₁₂O₆
E) CO

Question 15

Which one of the following is most likely to be a homogeneous mixture?

A) soil
B) blood
C) gasoline
D) mortar (a mixture of calcium carbonate and sand)
E) plain yogurt

Question 16

Which of the following is not a correct name-symbol combination? ​

A) magnesium,Mg
B) nickel,Ni
C) phosphorus,P
D) krypton,Kr
E) potassium,Co

Question 17

What is the correct symbol for potassium?

A) P
B) Pm
C) K
D) Pt
E) Po

Question 18

What is the symbol for the element iron?

A) Fe
B) Kr
C) Ca
D) C
E) N

Question 19

Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?

A) Antifreeze (a mixture of water and ethylene glycol)
B) Blood
C) Sugar water
D) Gasoline
E) Vinegar (a mixture of acetic acid and water)

Question 20

What is the name of the element with the symbol Cr?

A) cerium
B) carbon
C) chromium
D) cadmium
E) chlorine

Question 21

Which of following would be classified as a chemical change?

A) the transformation of solid carbon dioxide into gaseous carbon dioxide
B) the freezing of diesel fuel
C) the condensation of nitrogen gas
D) the removal of a color stain using bleach
E) the evaporation of water

Question 22

Which of the following is an example of qualitative information about a substance?

A) Color of the substance
B) Melting temperature of the substance
C) Mass of the substance
D) Volume of the substance
E) Boiling temperature of the substance

Question 23

A(n)________ is the smallest particle of an element that retains the characteristic chemical properties of that element.

Question 24

An intensive property of a substance is

A) independent of the amount present.
B) dependent on its volume,but not its mass.
C) not affected by its temperature.
D) dependent only on its temperature.
E) dependent only on its mass and volume.

Question 25

A battery-operated power tool,such as a cordless drill,converts

A) electrostatic energy to chemical potential energy.
B) mechanical energy to electrostatic energy.
C) thermal energy to mechanical energy.
D) thermal energy to gravitational energy.
E) chemical potential energy to mechanical energy.

Question 26

Substances like hydrogen (H₂)and oxygen (O₂)that are composed of only one type of atom are classified as ________.

Question 27

Which of the following are extensive properties: mass,volume,and/or density?

A) mass only
B) volume only
C) density only
D) mass and volume
E) volume and density

Question 28

Properties,such as color and density,which can be observed or measured without changing the composition of a substance are called ________ properties.

Question 29

A mass of 10 g of table salt dissolves in water to form a(n)________ mixture (i.e.,a mixture that is uniform throughout).

Question 30

Potential energy possessed by water at the top of a waterfall is known as ________ energy.

Question 31

To ensure integrity in science,experimental results should be ________ and reported in sufficient detail that the experiment can be repeated by others.

Question 32

The ________ of a substance is defined as its mass per unit volume.

Question 33

________ energy is the energy associated with the separation of two electrical charges.

Question 34

Density is an example of a(n)_____ property and does not depend on the amount of a substance.

Question 35

Which of the following statements is true of a chemical equation?

A) It is a representation of only a physical change rather than a chemical or molecular change.
B) It shows that the reactants on the left side of an equation produce the products on the right side of the equation.
C) The number of atoms found in the reactants doubles in the products.
D) The number of atoms found in the reactants halves in the products.
E) The identity of the substance in a chemical equation is preserved.

Question 36

What kind of change is depicted below?

A) no change
B) chemical change
C) both chemical and physical change
D) physical change

Question 37

Many regulators,environmentalists,and citizens around the world believe that ________ development is required to meet today's economic and environmental needs while preserving the options for future generations to meet theirs.

Question 38

Which of the following lists contains only forms of kinetic energy?

A) electrostatic,gravitational,and mechanical energy
B) gravitational,mechanical,and electrical energy
C) thermal,acoustic,and mechanical energy
D) chemical,thermal,and acoustic energy
E) gravitational,chemical,and electrostatic energy

Question 39

All of the following are examples of intensive properties of matter except _____.

A) boiling point
B) thermal conductivity
C) malleability
D) the amount of energy transferred as heat
E) color

Question 40

The law of ________ states that the total energy of the universe is constant.