Deck 19: Reproductive System

Question 1

During _________ crossing over of chromosomes occurs.

A)mitosis
B)meiosis
C)both mitosis and meiosis
D)neither mitosis nor meiosis

Answer 1

B

Question 2

In __________ two separate,identical daughter cells are produced and each one has 46 chromosomes.

A)mitosis
B)meiosis
C)both mitosis and meiosis
D)neither mitosis nor meiosis

Answer 2

A

Question 3

In the scrotum,

A)cold temperatures cause the cremaster muscle to contract.
B)cold temperatures cause the dartos muscle to contract.
C)warm temperatures cause the testes to descend away from the body.
D)if the testes become too warm or too cold,normal sperm will not develop.
E)All of these are correct statements.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Given these structures: 1)efferent ductule
2)epididymis
3)rete testis
4)seminiferous tubule
Arrange these structures in the correct order of a sperm cell would traveling through them as the sperm moves from where it was produced to the outside of the body.

A)1,2,3,4
B)1,4,2,3
C)2,4,3,1
D)4,3,1,2
E)3,4,1,2

Question 5

Which one of the following is NOT a function of the female reproductive system?

A)production of sexual gametes
B)reception of sperm cells from the male
C)nurturing the development and providing nourishment for a new individual
D)production of testosterone
E)All of these are functions of the reproductive system.

Question 6

The process that produces sex cells in both males and females is a special type of cell division called

A)mitosis.
B)meiosis
C)fertilization.
D)duplication.
E)transportation.

Question 7

_____________ require(s)the presence of centrioles and spindle fibers in animal cells.

A)Mitosis
B)Meiosis
C)Both mitosis and meiosis
D)Neither mitosis nor meiosis

Question 8

During _________ tetrads of chromosomes are aligned in the center of the cell.

A)mitosis
B)meiosis
C)both mitosis and meiosis
D)neither mitosis nor meiosis

Question 9

The testes are located in the scrotum,outside the body cavity because

A)they are closer to the penis than they would be in the body cavity.
B)they originally develop in the scrotum.
C)they must be at a lower temperature than the body cavity to produce functional sperm.
D)there is no room in the body cavity.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 10

Sperm move from the epididymis through the ductus deferens:

A)by the coordinated beating of their own flagella
B)by the action of the cilia of the epididymis
C)through peristaltic contration of smooth muscle lining the walls
D)based on their concentration gradient
E)through the contraction of skeletal muscle lining the walls.

Question 11

Each primary spermatocyte

A)divides to become two secondary spermatocytes.
B)undergoes two divisions to produce four spermatids.
C)has its chromosome number reduced by half during meiotic divisions.
D)is produced by mitotic division of a spermatogonium.
E)has all of these properties.

Question 12

Each milliliter of semen from a healthy,normal male contains approximately:

A)1,000 sperm cells
B)100,000 sperm cells
C)1 million sperm cells
D)10 million sperm cells
E)100 million sperm cells

Question 13

During _________ only one division occurs.

A)mitosis
B)meiosis
C)both mitosis and meiosis
D)neither mitosis nor meiosis

Question 14

___________ is (are)the type of cell division(s)performed by most tissues of the body.

A)Mitosis
B)Meiosis
C)Both mitosis and meiosis
D)Neither mitosis nor meiosis

Question 15

In humans,all of the cells of the body,except for the sex cells,contain

A)23 chromosomes.
B)35 chromosomes.
C)46 chromosomes.
D)69 chromosomes.
E)92 chromosomes.

Question 16

The lobules of the testis contain

A)seminiferous tubules.
B)interstitial cells.
C)the ductus deferens.
D)the cremaster muscle.
E)both seminiferous tubules and interstitial cells.

Question 17

After ___________ daughter cells are formed and each contains 23 chromosomes.These daughter cells become gametes.

A)mitosis
B)meiosis
C)both mitosis and meiosis
D)neither mitosis nor meiosis

Question 18

Sertoli or sustentacular cells

A)are large cells found in the seminiferous tubules.
B)include interstitial cells.
C)produce spermatogonia.
D)undergo meiosis.
E)have all of these properties.

Question 19

Germ cells in the seminiferous tubules are partially embedded in the ______ cells.

A)sustentacular
B)spermatid
C)Leydig cells
D)spermatogonia
E)primary spermatocytes

Question 20

Which one of the following is NOT a function of the male reproductive system?

A)production of sexual gametes
B)sustaining and transferring the male sexual gametes to the female
C)production of testosterone
D)production of sexual gametes and sustaining and transferring the male sexual gametes to the female
E)All of these are functions of the male reproductive tract.

Question 21

The _____________ produce(s)thick,mucoid secretion with a low pH and containing nutrients.

A)prostate gland
B)bulbourethral glands
C)seminal vesicles
D)testes

Question 22

Sperm cells normally mature and become able to swim while in the

A)epididymis.
B)rete testis.
C)efferent ductules.
D)ductus deferens.
E)seminal vesicles.

Question 23

The duct formed by the joining of the ductus deferens and the seminal vesicle duct is called the

A)seminal duct.
B)urethra.
C)ejaculatory duct.
D)common bile duct.
E)prostatic duct.

Question 24

The ____________ produce(s)thin,milky secretions with a high pH in the male reproductive tract.

A)prostate gland
B)bulbourethral glands
C)seminal vesicles
D)testes

Question 25

Each spermatid develops next into

A)a secondary spermatocyte.
B)a sperm cell.
C)a primary spermatocyte.
D)a spermatogonium.
E)a Sertoli or sustentacular cell.

Question 26

The ____________ produce(s)sperm and a small amount of fluid in the male reproductive tract.

A)prostate gland
B)bulbourethral glands
C)seminal vesicles
D)testes

Question 27

The hormone,inhibin:

A)is secreted by the sustentacular cells of the seminiferous tubules
B)binds to cells in the anterior pituitary
C)inhibits the secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
D)is released and regulated based on a negative feedback cycle
E)all of the above are true of inhibin

Question 28

Which of the male reproductive glands makes the largest contribution (by volume)to the semen?

A)seminal vesicles
B)prostate
C)bulbourethral glands
D)testes
E)urethra

Question 29

A failure of the testes to descend after development is called

A)cryptorchidism.
B)inguinal hernia.
C)testicular hernia.
D)circumcision.
E)erectile dysfunction.

Question 30

Given these ducts: 1)ductus deferens
2)ejaculatory duct
3)epididymis
4)urethra
Choose the correct order for the ducts a sperm cell would move through,from the testis toward the outside of the body.

A)1,2,3,4
B)1,4,2,3
C)2,1,3,4
D)3,1,2,4
E)4,3,1,2

Question 31

The _____________ produce(s)mucous secretion several minutes before ejaculation.

A)prostate gland
B)bulbourethral glands
C)seminal vesicles
D)testes

Question 32

Which of these structures is NOT found in the spermatic cord?

A)ductus deferens
B)testicular artery and veins
C)dartos muscle
D)testicular nerve
E)lymphatic vessels

Question 33

Two columns of erectile tissue that form the sides and dorsal portion of the penis are called

A)the prepuce.
B)the gubernaculum.
C)the corpora cavernosa.
D)the glans penis.
E)the corpus spongiosum.

Question 34

Erection of the penis occurs as a result of

A)contraction of bulbourethral muscles.
B)movement of internal bones.
C)accumulation of lymphatic fluid (edema).
D)engorgement of erectile tissue with blood.
E)accumulation of fluid within the urethra.

Question 35

Cryptorchidism causes infertility because

A)no testosterone is produced.
B)luteinizing hormone is not produced.
C)high body temperature inhibits sperm cell development.
D)inhibin is produced in excess.
E)the ejaculatory mechanism has failed.

Question 36

The skin of the penis

A)is loosely attached to the shaft of the penis.
B)forms a fold,called the prepuce,over the glans penis.
C)has many sensory receptors.
D)has all of these properties.
E)has none of these properties.

Question 37

The corpus spongiosum

A)surrounds the urethra.
B)forms the glans penis distally.
C)is in the ventral portion of the penis.
D)is an erectile column.
E)has all of these properties.

Question 38

The prostate gland

A)has a single duct that joins with the ductus deferens to form the ejaculatory duct.
B)surrounds the urethra and ejaculatory duct.
C)has many short ducts that join the urethra.
D)both has a single duct that joins with the ductus deferens to form the ejaculatory duct and surrounds the urethra and ejaculatory duct.
E)both surrounds the urethra and ejaculatory duct and has many short ducts that join the urethra.

Question 39

The male urethra

A)extends from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.
B)is a passageway for urine and male reproductive fluids.
C)has numerous mucus-secreting glands.
D)has both an internal and external urinary sphincter along its length.
E)has all of these characteristics.

Question 40

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH):

A)is only released in females
B)is released from the posterior pituitary gland
C)binds to sustentacular cells in the seminiferous tubules
D)increases the synthesis and secretion of testosterone
E)all of the above are true of FSH.

Question 41

All of the following are effects of testosterone on target tissues EXCEPT:

A)enlargement and differentiation of the penis and scrotum
B)enlargement of the larynx
C)increase in skeletal muscle mass
D)decreased rate of red blood cell production
E)retention of sodium and water in the kidneys

Question 42

Luteinizing hormone (LH)in the male

A)binds to interstitial cells of the testes.
B)directly promotes spermatogenesis.
C)is a different hormone than LH produced in the female.
D)is produced in response to testosterone effects on hypothalamus and pituitary.
E)has all of these properties.

Question 43

Which of the following hormones have a negative feedback effect on the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone?

A)testosterone
B)LH
C)FSH
D)inhibin
E)Both inhibin and testosterone are correct.

Question 44

The discharge of semen into the urethra is called

A)ejaculation.
B)emission.
C)neutralization.
D)physiological contracture.
E)coagulation.

Question 45

A primary oocyte with a layer of granulosa cells around it is called a

A)primary follicle-----primordial follicle
B)secondary follicle.
C)mature follicle.
D)corpus luteum.
E)corpus albicans.

Question 46

After ovulation,the ruptured follicle is transformed into a glandular structure called the

A)mature follicle.
B)corpus luteum.
C)corpus cavernosum.
D)corpus albicans.
E)corpus striatum.

Question 47

Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)

A)stimulates the anterior pituitary to release FSH.
B)stimulates the anterior pituitary to release LH.
C)must continually increase and decrease to have a stimulatory effect.
D)is produced in the hypothalamus.
E)has all of these properties.

Question 48

The corpus luteum

A)degenerates 21 days after ovulation if fertilization does not occur.
B)is not essential after the first trimester of pregnancy.
C)functions are taken over by the fetus during pregnancy.
D)secretes different hormones after fertilization has occurred.
E)has all of these properties.

Question 49

Follicles in the ovary that are never ovulated

A)become corpora lutea.
B)become secondary follicles.
C)degenerate.
D)undergo meiosis.
E)become mature follicles.

Question 50

At puberty,

A)the levels of FSH and LH decrease.
B)the rate of GnRH secretion increases.
C)the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary become more sensitive to testosterone inhibition.
D)testosterone production decreases.
E)all of these events occur.

Question 51

The forceful expulsion of semen from the urethra caused by contraction of smooth muscle in the urethra and skeletal muscle surrounding the base of the penis is called

A)ejaculation.
B)emission.
C)neutralization.
D)physiological contracture.
E)coagulation.

Question 52

Which of these effects on the body does testosterone encourage?

A)enlargement of the penis and scrotum
B)hair growth in pubic,axillary region,face,legs and chest areas
C)enlargement of the larynx
D)increased skeletal muscle mass
E)All of these effects are moderated by increased testosterone production.

Question 53

Which of the following hormone pairings is incorrect?

A)anterior pituitary - high follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)- ovulation
B)anterior pituitary - high luteinizing hormone (LH)- development of secondary sexual characteristics
C)corpus luteum - progesterone - growth & vascularization of endometrium
D)ovaries after ovulation - estrogen - inhibition of FSH
E)placenta - human chorionic gonadotropin - maintains corpus luteum

Question 54

Which of the following male reproductive hormones is NOT correctly paired with its source?

A)gonadotropin releasing hormone - hypothalamus
B)luteinizing hormone - posterior pituitary
C)follicle stimulating hormone - anterior pituitary
D)testosterone - testes
E)inhibin - Sertoli or sustentacular cells

Question 55

The inability to accomplish the sexual act is called

A)infertility.
B)impotence.
C)climax.
D)sterility.

Question 56

With the mature follicle,

A)an antrum is absent.
B)a tissue layer,called a theca,is formed surrounding the follicle.
C)a clear layer,called the zona pellucida forms around the oocyte.
D)the follicle forms a lump on the surface of the ovary.
E)all of these characteristics are present.

Question 57

Which one of the following female reproductive hormones is NOT correctly paired with its source?

A)progesterone - corpus luteum
B)follicle stimulating hormone - follicles of ovaries
C)oxytocin - posterior pituitary
D)gonadotropin releasing hormone - hypothalamus
E)human chorionic gonadotropin - placenta

Question 58

Which of these would be correct if an adult male were castrated (testes removed)?

A)GnRH would decrease.
B)FSH would decrease.
C)LH would decrease.
D)testosterone would disappear.
E)All of these would be expected to follow male castration.

Question 59

Testosterone has a(n)________ effect on the Sertoli or sustentacular cells of the seminiferous tubules and a(n)_________ effect on the anterior pituitary.

A)stimulatory; inhibitory
B)inhibitory; stimulatory
C)inhibitory; inhibitory
D)stimulatory; stimulatory
E)Testosterone has no effect on either the Sertoli or sustentacular cells or the anterior pituitary.

Question 60

Long,thin processes surrounding the openings of the uterine tubes are called

A)theca cells.
B)zona pellucida.
C)myometria.
D)fimbriae.
E)cervical extensions.

Question 61

On the figure,the letter I is the

A)primary follicle.
B)theca.
C)antrum.
D)corpus luteum.
E)zona pellucida.

Question 62

The ____________ attaches the ovary to the uterus.

A)broad ligament
B)mesovarium
C)ovarian ligament
D)round ligament
E)suspensory ligament

Question 63

The _______________ is a fold in the peritoneum that attaches the ovaries to the broad ligament.

A)broad ligament
B)mesovarium
C)ovarian ligament
D)round ligament
E)suspensory ligament

Question 64

The clitoris

A)contains erectile tissue.
B)is partly covered by a fold of skin called the prepuce.
C)is located in the posterior portion of the vestibule.
D)has few,if any nerve endings.
E)both contains erectile tissue and is partly covered by a fold of skin called the prepuce.

Question 65

The space into which the vagina and urethra open is called the

A)vulva.
B)vestibule.
C)prepuce.
D)clinical perineum.
E)mons pubis.

Question 66

On the figure,the letter H is the

A)primary follicle.
B)secondary follicle.
C)primary oocyte.
D)corpus luteum.
E)degenerated corpus luteum.

Question 67

On the figure,the letter J is the

A)primary follicle.
B)theca.
C)antrum.
D)corpus luteum.
E)zona pellucida.

Question 68

On the figure,the letter B is the

A)primary follicle.
B)secondary follicle.
C)primary oocyte.
D)corpus luteum.
E)degenerated corpus luteum.

Question 69

The ____________ extends from the ovary to the lateral body wall in the female reproductive tract.

A)broad ligament
B)mesovarium
C)ovarian ligament
D)round ligament
E)suspensory ligament

Question 70

The circular,pigmented structure around the nipple of the breasts is (are)

A)the areola.
B)the alveoli.
C)lactiferous ducts.
D)the lobe.
E)the lobule.

Question 71

Sloughing off the endometrial layer during menses:

A)can result in an inflammation of the endometrial layer
B)can cause an excessive secretion of prostaglandins
C)is inhibited by progesterone
D)is stimulated by estrogen
E)all of the above are true.

Question 72

Which one of the following venereal disorders is caused by a viral infection?

A)chlamydia
B)gonorrhea
C)genital herpes
D)trichomoniasis
E)All of these are caused by viruses.

Question 73

Decreased secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH)and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH):

A)interrupts the process of ovulation
B)causes the release of testosterone
C)triggers fertilization
D)interrupts the development of secondary sexual characteristics
E)all of the above are true.

Question 74

Thin,longitudinal folds that border the vestibule are called

A)the labia minora.
B)the hymen.
C)the mons pubis.
D)the labia majora.
E)the clinical perineum.

Question 75

The vagina

A)is the female organ of copulation.
B)extends from the uterus to the outside of the body.
C)is a passageway for menstrual flow.
D)may have its opening covered by the hymen.
E)has all of these characteristics.

Question 76

On the figure,the letter G is the

A)primary follicle.
B)theca.
C)antrum.
D)corpus luteum.
E)zona pellucida.

Question 77

In the milk-producing breast,ends of small ducts expand to form secretory sacs called

A)lobules.
B)lobes.
C)alveoli.
D)areola.
E)areolar glands.

Question 78

To prevent tearing during childbirth,an incision called a(n)_____ is made in the perineum.

A)pudendal cleft
B)episiotomy
C)pudendal cut
D)longitudinal incision
E)endometrial cut

Question 79

The __________ spreads out on both sides of the uterus and has the ovaries and uterine tubes attached to it.

A)broad ligament
B)mesovarium
C)ovarian ligament
D)round ligament
E)suspensory ligament

Question 80

Developing follicles secrete small amounts of the hormone

A)progesterone.
B)testosterone.
C)FSH.
D)LH.
E)estrogen.