Deck 2: Practical Criminology Radicalization and Types Of Terrorism

Question 1

Alienation is the process that changes a person's socially acceptable behavior into terrorism.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Nidal Malik Hasan is considered a lone wolf.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Which of the following is not true of criminals?

A)They are opportunistic.
B)They plan their schemes extensively.
C)They are not committed to a cause.
D)They are unfocused.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Lone wolves represent the most complex form of terrorism.

Question 5

Terrorism is an organizational process.

Question 6

Criminals become involved in terrorist groups for economic gain,and they have a low level of commitment to a cause.

Question 7

Che Guevara designed practical guides for small group urban terrorism

Question 8

The Cuban Revolution did not create guerilla warfare.

Question 9

is considered a founding father of criminology.

A)Max Weber
B)Bruce Hoffman
C)Cesare Beccaria
D)Karl Marx

Question 10

criminology focuses on the common actions of lawbreakers.

A)Practical
B)Political
C)Legal
D)Historical

Question 11

Radicalization is the result of persecution,precedent,poverty,and perseverance.

Question 12

's work On Crimes and Punishment is the classic Enlightenment study of criminology.

A)Cesare Beccaria
B)Karl Marx
C)Cesare Lombroso
D)D.Douglas Bodero

Question 13

According to ,terrorists seldom behave like normative street criminals.

A)Cesare Beccaria
B)Karl Marx
C)Cesare Lombroso
D)D.Douglas Bodrero

Question 14

The Weather Underground was a left-wing domestic terrorist group.

Question 15

There is no consensus about the definition of radicalization.

Question 16

In terms of terrorism,law enforcement agencies,intelligence organizations,and military forces need to take a practical criminological approach to terrorism.

Question 17

The motivations of criminals and terrorists are the same.

Question 18

Radicalization is a process that is not specifically applicable to any national,political,religious,or ideological group.

Question 19

Small terrorist groups tend to be weak,while larger groups have more staying power.

Question 20

Radicalization is the process that changes a person's socially acceptable behavior into terrorism.

Question 21

According to a federal indictment,Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab committed which terrorist offense?

A)Oklahoma City Bombing
B)Attempted to detonate explosives hidden in his underwear on a Northwest Airliner
C)Attempted to detonate explosives hidden in his shoe on a Northwest Airliner
D)Boston Marathon bombing

Question 22

According to Sageman,what is the first step of radicalization?

A)Alienation
B)Meeting
C)Gravitationtowardsreligion
D)Meeting a terrorist contact

Question 23

The New York Times reports that most international attacks against the United States in the twenty-first century have come from _____________________ (Mackey,2010).

A)well-educated terrorists from the middle class
B)poorly-educated terrorists from the middle class
C)well-educated terrorists from the upper class
D)poorly-educated terrorists from the lower class

Question 24

refers to the process of adopting extremist positions and engaging in violence based on a new set of beliefs.

A)Radicalization
B)Routes to terrorism
C)Violent radicalization
D)Militant radicalization

Question 25

Gerald Post reports that radicalization is passed on through .

A)social processes
B)generations
C)missionary activity
D)political groups

Question 26

refers to the psychological process of adopting extremist positions.

A)Radicalization
B)Routes to terrorism
C)Violent radicalization
D)Militant radicalization

Question 27

Which of the following is not a distinctive form of behavior with regards to religious radicalization?

A)Literalist interpretation of religion
B)Passivism
C)Trusting only selected radical sources of theological information
D)Tolerate no deviance from their interpretation

Question 28

According to Solomon,the sources of radicalization are to be found in militants who misinterpret .

A)politics
B)religion
C)economics
D)education

Question 29

Dzhokhar Tsarnaev and Tamerlan Tsarnaev are responsible for which of the following terrorist attacks?

A)Oklahoma City Bombing
B)Colorado Planned Parenthood shooting
C)San Bernardino shooting
D)Boston Marathon bombing

Question 30

refers to when an individual or group becomes lost in the dominant social world.

A)Radicalization
B)Alienation
C)Militarization
D)Anti-socialization

Question 31

Terrorists may select targets of opportunity,but the target has a primarily value.

A)financial
B)religious
C)symbolic
D)military

Question 32

Which of the following is not true of individuals engaged in radicalization?

A)Middle-class background
B)Anger
C)Alienation
D)Conformity

Question 33

and are the primary influences upon single-event terrorists such as suicide bombers.

A)Politics,cultural paradigms
B)Religion,economics
C)Social structure,ideology
D)Ideology,religion

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a basis for one of the three dominant models surrounding research in radicalization?

A)Social and economic deprivation
B)Long-term learning
C)Psychological interpretations
D)Political oppression

Question 35

is a mode of problem solving based on consensus.

A)Groupthink
B)Conformity think
C)Social thought
D)Group decision making

Question 36

was an American white supremacist and anti-Semite who entered the Holocaust Museum and began shooting,eventually killing a security officer.

A)Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab
B)Timothy McVeigh
C)Bill Ayers
D)James W.von Brunn

Question 37

Which of the following is not true of terrorists?

A)They focus their action towards a goal.
B)They are dedicated to a cause.
C)They run when confronted with force.
D)They rehearse and prepare for actions.

Question 38

According to Ryan,which of the following does not result in radicalization?

A)Persecution
B)Precedent
C)Piety
D)Prosecution

Question 39

________________,as used by John Horgan,refers to the psychological and social factors that motivate people to join and remain in terrorist groups.

A)Practical criminology
B)Routes to terrorism
C)Organizational framework
D)Absolute terrorist strategy

Question 40

Which of the following terrorist organizations was a violent domestic extremist group that conducted a number of bomb attacks from 1969-1975?

A)The Weather Underground
B)Kurdistan Workers' Party
C)Ku Klux Klan
D)Irish Republican Army

Question 41

It can be argued that religion often helps to produce the ,a person striking out with an ideology but no group.

A)crazed avenger
B)solitary avenger
C)independent avenger
D)lone wolf avenger

Question 42

According to Mark Hamm,which of the following is not a way that an inmate may be recruited and radicalized?

A)Crisis convert
B)Alienated convert
C)Protecting-seeking convert
D)Manipulating convert

Question 43

advocated guerrilla revolutions throughout Latin America after success in the Cuban Revolution.

A)Guevara
B)Fanon
C)Marighella
D)Marx

Question 44

George is a young African-American inmate serving time in Folsom after living a difficult life moving from foster home to foster home,never really connecting with anyone or bonding with another individual.Having just returned from serving extended periods of time in administrative segregation,George is feeling angry and wants revenge.He is approached in the yard by another inmate who suggests that he seek the counsel of Raffi,an in-house Imam of sorts.Raffi spends hours with George,sensing George's vulnerability to suggestion - Raffi channels George's anger,convincing him that he (George)is a victim of "the evils of West" and that George can do something about it.Raffi says he will show George how if George is willing to prove himself worthy.George begins to spend more time reading militant Islamic writings and meeting with other converted inmates.George believes he has now "found his way" and "is worthy" and seeks out Raffi for guidance on "how".Raffi then introduces him to others in the group and assigns George a "very important job".

A)Four
B)Three
C)Five
D)Six

Question 45

Mark Hamm has uncovered processes and stages for conversion to,immersion in,and acceptance of violent radical philosophies or religions within:

A)prison walls
B)shopping centers
C)the media
D)the school system

Question 46

Lone wolves are best countered by:

A)routine law enforcement
B)shared intelligence
C)regional task forces
D)military force

Question 47

Many terrorism analysts began looking at radicalization and alienation in the first part of the twenty-first century; their focus tended to be on individuals attracted to extremism.

A)Islamic
B)Christian
C)Jewish
D)Hindu

Question 48

Prison officials often equate radicalization with the fear of ,thereby treating specific followers of the religion poorly as a result.

A)Islam
B)Christianity
C)Buddhism
D)Judaism

Question 49

From the perspective of ,somepractitionersbelievethatresearchinradicalizationandalienationwillproducevaluable knowledge.

A)practicalcriminology
B)criticalcriminology
C)social criminology
D)traditional criminology

Question 50

popularized urban terrorism as a method for ending repression and eliminating U.S.domination of Latin America.

A)Guevara
B)Fanon
C)Marighella
D)Marx

Question 51

Which of the following is not a component of the United Kingdom's Prison Service program to prevent radicalization?

A)Monitoring the behavior of outside chaplains
B)Monitoring visitations from family
C)Isolate inmates who champion radical ideas
D)Search for the presence of radicalization

Question 52

People being radicalized in Islam accept the idea of and they believe that the West is at war with Islam.

A)the clash of civilizations
B)cultural paradigms
C)social processes
D)radicalization

Question 53

Mark Hamm argues that for groups being radicalized in prison,the recruitment process is similar to procedures used by:

A)fraternities
B)sport teams
C)street gangs
D)social clubs

Question 54

The most difficult type of terrorists to deter or detain are .

A)lone wolves
B)jihadists
C)separatist revolutionaries
D)narco-terrorists

Question 55

A prison inmate joining a radical terrorist group out of fear is referred to as a convert.

A)crisis
B)protection-seeking
C)free-world
D)searching

Question 56

Which of the following is NOT one of the three major identifications of prison radicalization "converts"?

A)Islamic extremism
B)Christian extremists who use selected biblical passages to justify their views
C)White supremacists who have adopted the Norse pantheon
D)Left-wing extremism

Question 57

Which of the following is not a concern of law enforcement and related security operations?

A)Individuals using terrorist tactics
B)Small groups using terrorism as a strategy
C)Terrorist tactics used to support guerrilla warfare
D)School bullying

Question 58

According to Pickering,what is the best preventative approach to inmate radicalization?

A)Monitoring the behavior of outside chaplains
B)Standard inmate monitoring
C)Isolation
D)Searching for the presence of radicalization

Question 59

The is a federal agency created in 2004 to integrate all information gathered on international terrorism.

A)Department of Homeland Security
B)Federation of Law Enforcement
C)National Counterterrorism Center
D)Joint Terrorism Task Forces

Question 60

inspired anti-imperial violence after WWII,and his influence remained with Western ideological groups in the 1960s and 1970s.

A)Guevara
B)Fanon
C)Marighella
D)Marx

Question 61

According to Johnny Ryan,radicalization is the result of persecution,precedent,piety,and .

Question 62

use terrorism to create an aura of false power.

Question 63

Marighella believed the basis of revolution was .

Question 64

tend to be unfocused opportunists with no loyalty to a group.

Question 65

What is practical criminology?

Question 66

________________________,as used in the text,refers to the psychological process of adopting extremist positions.

Question 67

Chaplains outside of the prison system who spread literature and preach radicalization are referred to as
.

Question 68

Hunter,written by ,is a fictional account of a violent right-wing extremist who decides to launch a terrorist campaign.

Question 69

seek to explain the reasons people commit crimes.

Question 70

refers to the psychological and social factors that motivate people to join and remain in terrorist groups.

Question 71

According to Tsintsadze-Mass and Mass,most research on radicalization assumes that people adopt a violent extremist ideology through a thought process.

Question 72

John Horgan believes that the problem of terrorism is radicalism.

Question 73

occurs when an individual or group becomes separated from the dominant values of society at large.

Question 74

do not use indiscriminate terrorism; they select their targets with care.

Question 75

Security personnel should recognize the of people as they adopt violent extremism.

Question 76

terrorism involves an individual taking action on his or her own initiative.

Question 77

Many people believe that prisons are schools for .

Question 78

Classic criminology traces its origins to the theorist,.

Question 79

tend to focus on criminological findings that will result in crime fighting and solutions for community problems.

Question 80

are goal oriented,motivated by a cause,loyal to each other,and focused.