Deck 11: Nervous System

Question 1

The slender, elongated projection that carries the nerve impulse is a(n)

A) dendrite.
B) synapse.
C) axon.
D) terminal fiber.

Answer 1

axon.

Question 2

The ridges of the folds in the cerebrum are

A) gyri.
B) lobes.
C) sulci.
D) meninges.

Answer 2

gyri.

Question 3

A combining form for the term meaning where each of the 31 pairs of spinal nerves emerge from the spinal cord is

A) myel/o.
B) radicul/o.
C) dur/o.
D) mening/o.

Answer 3

radicul/o.

Question 4

A sensation that may precede the onset of a migraine is a(n)

A) paresthesia.
B) spasm.
C) aura.
D) vertigo.

Question 5

The whitish covering of the axon, produced by the Schwann cells, is the

A) dendrite.
B) synapse.
C) myelin sheath.
D) terminal fiber.

Question 6

The basic unit of the nervous system is the nerve cell, or

A) neuroglia.
B) neuron.
C) Schwann cell.
D) neurotransmitter.

Question 7

Loss of memory caused by brain damage or severe emotional trauma is

A) aura.
B) athetosis.
C) fasciculation.
D) amnesia.

Question 8

A feeling of prickling, burning, or numbness is

A) aphasia.
B) paresthesia.
C) claudication.
D) fasciculation.

Question 9

A form of fainting that results from abrupt emotional stress is

A) vasovagal attack.
B) fasciculation.
C) aura.
D) athetosis.

Question 10

The valleys of the folds in the cerebrum are

A) gyri.
B) lobes.
C) sulci.
D) meninges.

Question 11

Afferent nerves are also called

A) motor nerves.
B) peripheral nerves.
C) interneurons.
D) sensory nerves.

Question 12

Efferent nerves are also called

A) motor nerves.
B) peripheral nerves.
C) interneurons.
D) sensory nerves.

Question 13

What structure slows or prevents the passage of some drugs and disease-causing organisms to the CNS?

A) Nerve root
B) Cauda equina
C) Meninges
D) BBB

Question 14

The condition that denotes difficulty swallowing is

A) aphasia.
B) dysphasia.
C) dysphagia.
D) spasm.

Question 15

The chemicals that travel across the synapse are

A) neurotransmitters.
B) action potentials.
C) CSF.
D) Schwann cells.

Question 16

The term for the skin surface area supplied by a single afferent spinal nerve is

A) plexus.
B) cauda equina.
C) dermatome.
D) ganglion.

Question 17

Continuous, involuntary, slow, writhing movement of the extremities is

A) tremor.
B) spasm.
C) fasciculation.
D) athetosis.

Question 18

Involuntary contraction of small, local muscles is

A) athetosis.
B) fasciculation.
C) convulsion.
D) tremor.

Question 19

The nerve cells that connect efferent and afferent nerve cells are

A) motor nerves.
B) peripheral nerves.
C) interneurons.
D) sensory nerves.

Question 20

A lack of muscular coordination is

A) ataxia.
B) apraxia.
C) asthenia.
D) vertigo.

Question 21

A neurodegenerative disease characterized by destruction of the myelin sheaths of the CNS neurons is

A) ALS.
B) AD.
C) MS.
D) PD.

Question 22

A synonym for Lou Gehrig's disease is

A) Alzheimer's disease.
B) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
C) Bell's palsy.
D) MS.

Question 23

Fainting is

A) cerebral contusion.
B) coma.
C) concussion.
D) syncope.

Question 24

An autoimmune disorder marked by acute polyneuritis, producing profound myasthenia that may lead to paralysis, is

A) Guillain-Barré syndrome.
B) multiple sclerosis.
C) Bell's palsy.
D) shingles.

Question 25

What is a neuromuscular response to abnormal electrical activity within the brain, also called convulsions?

A) Seizures
B) Syncope
C) Spasms
D) Tremors

Question 26

Symptoms of exhaustion and muscle and joint pain decades after having had a disease that is an inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord is called

A) Huntington's chorea.
B) Alzheimer's disease.
C) Parkinson's disease.
D) postpolio syndrome.

Question 27

Excessive depth or length of sleep is

A) insomnia.
B) dyssomnia.
C) hypersomnia.
D) hyposomnia.

Question 28

A head injury of sufficient force to bruise the brain is

A) cerebral contusion.
B) coma.
C) concussion.
D) syncope.

Question 29

What is an involuntary muscle contraction of sudden onset?

A) Tremor
B) Spasm
C) Paresthesia
D) Asthenia

Question 30

A progressive, neurodegenerative disease in which patients exhibit an impairment of cognitive functioning is

A) Guillain-Barré syndrome.
B) multiple sclerosis.
C) Parkinson's disease.
D) Alzheimer's disease.

Question 31

What is a deep, prolonged unconsciousness from which the patient cannot be aroused-usually the result of a head injury, neurological disease, acute hydrocephalus, intoxication, or metabolic abnormalities?

A) Cerebral contusion
B) Coma
C) Concussion
D) Syncope

Question 32

What inherited disorder manifests in adulthood as a progressive loss of neural control, uncontrollable jerking movements, and dementia?

A) Alzheimer's disease
B) Bell's palsy
C) Huntington's chorea
D) Parkinson's disease

Question 33

What motor function disorder is a result of a permanent, nonprogressive brain defect or lesion caused perinatally?

A) Spina bifida
B) Cerebral palsy
C) Concussion
D) Cerebral contusion

Question 34

Difficulty in the articulation (pronunciation) of speech is

A) athetosis.
B) ataxia.
C) asthenia.
D) dysarthria.

Question 35

Which term denotes serious head injury characterized by one or more of the following: loss of consciousness, amnesia, seizures, or a change in mental status?

A) Cerebral contusion
B) Coma
C) Concussion
D) Syncope

Question 36

Dizziness is

A) abnormal gait.
B) syncope.
C) aura.
D) vertigo.

Question 37

A degenerative, fatal disease of the motor neurons in which patients exhibit progressive muscle weakness and atrophy is

A) Alzheimer's disease.
B) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
C) Huntington's chorea.
D) Parkinson's disease.

Question 38

Any infection or inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord is

A) encephalitis.
B) meningitis.
C) hydrocephalus.
D) anencephaly.

Question 39

A localized collection of blood, usually clotted, in an organ, tissue, or space, caused by a break in the wall of a blood vessel, is a(n)

A) aneurysm.
B) TIA.
C) CVA.
D) hematoma.

Question 40

Lack or impairment of the ability to form or understand speech is

A) aphasia.
B) vertigo.
C) asthenia.
D) athetosis.

Question 41

Damage to the upper brainstem that leaves the patient paralyzed and mute is called

A) hydrocephalus.
B) anencephaly.
C) Bell's palsy.
D) locked-in state.

Question 42

Condition of a burning, tingling sensation in the thigh caused by injury to one of the femoral nerves is

A) myasthenia gravis.
B) shingles.
C) meralgia paresthetica.
D) trigeminal neuralgia.

Question 43

A tumor of the cells that line the ventricles of the brain is called a(n)

A) medulloblastoma.
B) paraplegia.
C) ependymoma.
D) meningioma.

Question 44

A usually severe condition characterized by fatigue and progressive muscle weakness, especially of the face and throat, is

A) myasthenia gravis.
B) muscular dystrophy.
C) encephalitis.
D) cerebral palsy.

Question 45

Any infection or inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord is

A) meningitis.
B) encephalitis.
C) polyneuritis.
D) radiculitis.

Question 46

Disorders of the sleep-wake cycle are known as

A) insomnia.
B) hyposomnia.
C) dyssomnia.
D) hypersomnia.

Question 47

Inflammation of the brain, most frequently caused by a virus transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito, is

A) Guillain-Barré syndrome.
B) encephalitis.
C) meningitis.
D) polyneuritis.

Question 48

Chronic facial pain that involves the fifth cranial nerve is

A) causalgia.
B) a transient ischemic attack.
C) Bell's palsy.
D) trigeminal neuralgia.

Question 49

Headache of vascular origin is

A) an aura.
B) a migraine.
C) encephalitis.
D) meningitis.

Question 50

Muscular weakness or slight paralysis on the left or right side of the body is

A) hemiplegia.
B) hemiparesis.
C) diplegia.
D) paraplegia.

Question 51

Facial nerve paralysis is

A) narcolepsy.
B) sciatica.
C) Bell's palsy.
D) shingles.

Question 52

Paralysis of the lower limbs and trunk is

A) hemiplegia.
B) hemiparesis.
C) diplegia.
D) paraplegia.

Question 53

The group of disorders characterized by recurrent seizures, sensory disturbances, abnormal behavior, and/or loss of consciousness is

A) epilepsy.
B) convulsions.
C) polyneuritis.
D) Huntington's chorea.

Question 54

Paralysis of the arms, legs, and trunk is

A) paraparesis.
B) paraplegia.
C) quadriparesis.
D) quadriplegia.

Question 55

A progressive, neurodegenerative disease characterized by tremors; fasciculations; slow, shuffling gait; hypokinesia; dysphasia; and dysphagia is

A) ALS.
B) AD.
C) MS.
D) PD.

Question 56

Ischemia of cerebral tissue, with sequelae that may include paralysis, weakness, speech defects, and/or sensory changes that last less than 24 hours, is

A) a migraine.
B) a transient ischemic attack.
C) epilepsy.
D) a cerebrovascular accident.

Question 57

Paralysis on the right or left side of the body is

A) hemiplegia.
B) hemiparesis.
C) diplegia.
D) paraplegia.

Question 58

Paralysis of the same body part on both sides of the body is

A) hemiplegia.
B) hemiparesis.
C) diplegia.
D) paraplegia.

Question 59

Nerve pain described as "burning pain" is

A) neuritis.
B) encephalitis.
C) causalgia.
D) meningitis.

Question 60

A group of disorders characterized as an inherited progressive atrophy of skeletal muscle without neural involvement is

A) cerebral palsy.
B) muscular dystrophy.
C) myasthenia gravis.
D) encephalitis.

Question 61

Which is the same as a spinal tap?

A) CSF
B) PSG
C) BBB
D) LP

Question 62

Cutting out a cerebral hemisphere to treat intractable epilepsy is a

A) neurectomy.
B) hemispherectomy.
C) neurexerexis.
D) pallidotomy.

Question 63

An X-ray of the spinal canal after the introduction of a radiopaque substance is

A) CXR.
B) myelography.
C) EMG.
D) cerebral arteriography.

Question 64

Measuring and recording a number of functions while the patient is asleep is a(n)

A) EEG.
B) multiple sleep latency test.
C) nerve conduction test.
D) polysomnography.

Question 65

What is cutting of the dorsal root of a spinal nerve to relieve pain?

A) Vagotomy
B) Phrenemphraxis
C) Rhizotomy
D) Lumbar puncture

Question 66

Recording the electrical activity of the brain is

A) EEG.
B) TENS.
C) EP.
D) nerve conduction test.

Question 67

Fluctuating pain, numbness, and paresthesias of the hand caused by compression of the median nerve at the wrist is

A) CTS.
B) MD.
C) TIA.
D) ALS.

Question 68

Removal (tearing out) of the fifth cranial nerve to treat trigeminal neuralgia is

A) neurectomy.
B) neurexeresis.
C) nerve block.
D) pallidotomy.

Question 69

Aspiration of CSF for diagnostic purposes is

A) a spinal tap.
B) cerebrospinal fluid analysis.
C) myelography.
D) hydrocephalus.

Question 70

Injection of a chemical substance to destroy part of the thalamus is

A) cerebral angiography.
B) ganglionectomy.
C) echoencephalography.
D) chemothalamectomy.

Question 71

A test of CNS or peripheral nerve function is

A) electroencephalography.
B) myelography.
C) lumbar puncture.
D) nerve conduction test.

Question 72

An X-ray of the cerebral arteries, including the internal carotids, taken after the injection of a contrast medium is

A) cerebral angiography.
B) a brain scan.
C) echoencephalography.
D) a PET scan.

Question 73

Crushing of a phrenic nerve to cause its paralysis is

A) vagotomy.
B) phrenemphraxis.
C) rhizotomy.
D) tractotomy.

Question 74

A treatment for facet joint pain in the neck and back is

A) a lumbar puncture.
B) radiofrequency ablation.
C) tractotomy.
D) pallidotomy.

Question 75

A procedure to aspirate cerebrospinal fluid from the lumbar subarachnoid space is

A) CSF.
B) DTR.
C) GARS.
D) LP.

Question 76

Ultrasound examination of the brain is

A) cerebral angiography.
B) a brain scan.
C) echoencephalography.
D) a PET scan.

Question 77

Use of anesthesia to prevent sensory nerve impulses from reaching the CNS is a

A) sympathectomy.
B) phrenemphraxis.
C) nerve block.
D) neurotomy.

Question 78

Cutting the spinal cord to relieve pain is a

A) myelectomy.
B) craniotomy.
C) cordotomy.
D) nerve conduction test.

Question 79

Another term for mild cognitive impairment is

A) Alzheimer's disease.
B) incipient dementia.
C) Huntington's chorea.
D) Parkinson's disease.

Question 80

A method of pain control effected by the application of electrical impulses through the skin is

A) EEG.
B) TENS.
C) EP.
D) nerve conduction test.