Deck 8: Blood, Blood-Forming Organs, and the Immune Mechanism

Question 1

Which cells specialize in phagocytosis?

A) Platelets
B) Basophils
C) Eosinophils
D) Neutrophils

Answer 1

Neutrophils

Question 2

Red blood cells are

A) erythrocytes.
B) leukocytes.
C) thrombocytes.
D) phagocytes.

Answer 2

erythrocytes.

Question 3

Cells that attract an alkaline dye, combat parasites, and release histamines and heparin are

A) basophils.
B) eosinophils.
C) neutrophils.
D) lymphocytes.

Answer 3

basophils.

Question 4

The process of blood clotting, or changing a liquid to a solid, is

A) coagulation.
B) hemolysis.
C) dyscrasia.
D) hematopoiesis.

Question 5

The liquid portion of blood is termed

A) serum.
B) plasma.
C) interstitial fluid.
D) chyme.

Question 6

The thymus gland is located in the

A) armpits.
B) neck.
C) mediastinum.
D) groin.

Question 7

Stopping bleeding is

A) hemosiderin.
B) hemostasis.
C) homeostasis.
D) hematopoiesis.

Question 8

Cells that attract an acidic dye and defend against allergens and parasites are

A) basophils.
B) eosinophils.
C) neutrophils.
D) lymphocytes.

Question 9

An individual with which type of blood is considered a universal recipient?

A) A
B) B
C) AB
D) O

Question 10

The term for the continual balancing act of the body system to provide an internal environment that is compatible with life is

A) anabolism.
B) catabolism.
C) metabolism.
D) homeostasis.

Question 11

White blood cells named for their lack of granules are also termed

A) granulocytes.
B) phagocytes.
C) polymorphonucleocytes.
D) mononuclear leukocytes.

Question 12

The combining form for plasma minus the clotting proteins is

A) thromb/o.
B) sider/o.
C) fibr/o.
D) ser/o.

Question 13

A substance that produces an immune reaction because it is perceived as foreign is a(n)

A) macrophage.
B) phagocyte.
C) antigen.
D) antibody.

Question 14

Lymphaden/o refers to lymph glands, also termed

A) lymphatic ducts.
B) lymph vessels.
C) lymph.
D) lymph nodes.

Question 15

The formation of red blood cells in the bone marrow is stimulated by a hormone from the kidneys called

A) renin.
B) hemosiderin.
C) hematopoiesis.
D) erythropoietin.

Question 16

White blood cells are

A) erythrocytes.
B) leukocytes.
C) thrombocytes.
D) phagocytes.

Question 17

White blood cells with tiny grains within their cytoplasm are termed granulocytes or

A) agranulocytes.
B) phagocytes.
C) polymorphonucleocytes.
D) mononuclear leukocytes.

Question 18

An individual with which type of blood is considered a universal donor?

A) A
B) B
C) AB
D) O

Question 19

Another term for platelets is

A) erythrocytes.
B) leukocytes.
C) thrombocytes.
D) phagocytes.

Question 20

Cells that are key in the immune response are

A) thrombocytes.
B) lymphocytes.
C) basophils.
D) monocytes.

Question 21

Increased function of the spleen, resulting in hemolysis, is

A) hypersplenism.
B) lymphedema.
C) sarcoidosis.
D) lymphocytosis.

Question 22

A type of iron deficiency anemia is

A) aplastic anemia.
B) pernicious anemia.
C) sideropenia.
D) sickle cell anemia.

Question 23

An abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells is

A) leukocytosis.
B) leukopenia.
C) purpura.
D) neutropenia.

Question 24

The combining form for the lymphatic glands that help protect the entrance to the respiratory and digestive systems is

A) thym/o.
B) splen/o.
C) tonsill/o.
D) thyr/o.

Question 25

Anemia that results from a lack of intrinsic factor essential for the absorption of vitamin B₁₂ is ____________ anemia.

A) aplastic
B) autoimmune hemolytic
C) nonautoimmune hemolytic
D) pernicious

Question 26

Anemia that may be drug induced or caused by an infectious disease is

A) nonautoimmune acquired hemolytic anemia.
B) aplastic anemia.
C) autoimmune acquired hemolytic anemia.
D) B₁₂ deficiency.

Question 27

The combining form for the organ that filters, stores, and produces blood cells is

A) thym/o.
B) splen/o.
C) tonsil/o.
D) thyr/o.

Question 28

Anemia caused by the body's destruction of its own RBCs by serum antibodies is _____ anemia.

A) hemolytic
B) aplastic
C) autoimmune acquired hemolytic
D) acute posthemorrhagic

Question 29

When inflammation is caused by a pathogen, it is termed

A) pyrexia.
B) infection.
C) dyscrasia.
D) phagocytosis.

Question 30

A deficiency of all blood cells is

A) pancytopenia.
B) aplastic anemia.
C) hemolytic anemia.
D) chronic blood loss.

Question 31

Specific immunity is dependent on

A) erythrocytes.
B) thrombocytes.
C) granulocytes.
D) agranulocytes.

Question 32

A deficiency of clotting cells is

A) purpura.
B) leukopenia.
C) polycythemia vera.
D) thrombocytopenia.

Question 33

Suppression of bone marrow function, leading to a reduction of RBC production, is

A) folate deficiency.
B) pernicious anemia.
C) aplastic anemia.
D) thalassemia.

Question 34

Condition in which the bone marrow produces an excessive number of blood cells is called

A) purpura.
B) polycythemia vera.
C) hemophilia.
D) thrombocytopenia.

Question 35

A substance formed by the body in reaction to a perceived foreign substance is a(n)

A) antibody.
B) antigen.
C) cytokine.
D) lymphokine.

Question 36

In blood, antigens are termed

A) interleukins.
B) cytokines.
C) agglutinins.
D) agglutinogens.

Question 37

A substance in blood that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide is

A) erythropoietin.
B) hemosiderin.
C) hemoglobin.
D) hematocrit.

Question 38

The combining form for the gland instrumental in the development of T cells is

A) thym/o.
B) splen/o.
C) tonsil/o.
D) thyr/o.

Question 39

Chemical messengers, secreted by cells of the immune system, that direct immune cellular interactions are

A) antigens.
B) antibodies.
C) macrophages.
D) cytokines.

Question 40

An example of a second-line nonspecific defense is

A) sneezing.
B) perspiration.
C) the skin.
D) fever.

Question 41

A test that measures the concentration of hemoglobin per RBC and is useful when measuring a patient's response to treatment for anemia is a(n)

A) MCHC.
B) blood culture.
C) PT.
D) PTT.

Question 42

Plasma cell dyscrasia is another term for

A) thymoma.
B) multiple myeloma.
C) lymphoma.
D) lymphedema.

Question 43

When donated tissue cells attack the cells of the recipient, the disorder is called

A) HDN.
B) GVHD.
C) ALPS.
D) HIV.

Question 44

What test measures the average weight of hemoglobin per RBC and is useful in diagnosing anemia?

A) PT
B) MCHC
C) PTT
D) MCH

Question 45

What is an iron-containing pigment of RBCs that carries oxygen to tissue?

A) Hct
B) Hgb
C) MCHC
D) ESR

Question 46

A nuclear medicine study used to diagnose pernicious anemia is

A) Coombs antiglobulin test.
B) packed-cell volume.
C) ELISA.
D) Schilling test.

Question 47

A blood test to diagnose HDN or a transfusion reaction is

A) PCV.
B) Coombs antiglobulin test.
C) Schilling test.
D) PTT.

Question 48

The disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus and transmitted through body fluids via sexual contact or intravenous exposure is

A) AIDS.
B) HIV.
C) EBV.
D) NK.

Question 49

A mismatch of which factor between mother and fetus causes HDN?

A) Hb
B) Hgb
C) ANA
D) Rh

Question 50

ELISA is a test for

A) tuberculosis.
B) pernicious anemia.
C) plasmacytosis.
D) HIV.

Question 51

What test measures the amount of time taken for clot formation?

A) ESR
B) PT
C) PTT
D) MCHC

Question 52

Which test is the same as Hct?

A) PCV
B) ESR
C) MCH
D) PTT

Question 53

Propagation of microorganisms that may be present in blood samples is a

A) blood culture.
B) CBC.
C) Schilling test.
D) BMP.

Question 54

The process in which a donor's own blood is removed and stored in anticipation of a future need is

A) apheresis.
B) autologous transfusion.
C) autotransfusion.
D) BMT.

Question 55

What is a test for the measurement of time for mature RBCs to settle out of a blood sample after an anticoagulant is added?

A) *diff count
B) ESR
C) PT
D) PTT

Question 56

Preleukemia, resulting from a defect in the bone marrow, is also known as

A) ALPS.
B) sarcoidosis.
C) myelodysplastic syndrome.
D) septicemia.

Question 57

A test that measures the number of different types of WBCs is a(n)

A) CBC.
B) ESR.
C) diff count.
D) WBC.

Question 58

The measurement of the percentage of RBCs in the blood is

A) Hct.
B) ESR.
C) Hgb.
D) PTT.

Question 59

A test of blood plasma that detects coagulation defects of the intrinsic system and is used to detect hemophilia is

A) ESR.
B) MCHC.
C) PTT.
D) MCH.

Question 60

Fibrous tissue development in the bone marrow due to chromosomal abnormality is

A) lymphadenopathy.
B) myelofibrosis.
C) lymphocytosis.
D) lymphedema.

Question 61

What is the process in which a donor is transfused with his or her own blood after anticoagulation and filtration from an active bleeding site?

A) Apheresis
B) Blood transfusion
C) Autologous transfusion
D) Autotransfusion

Question 62

Humoral immunity is the same as

A) cell-mediated immunity.
B) nonspecific immunity.
C) antibody-mediated immunity.
D) agglutination.

Question 63

Cutting out the spleen is

A) splenectomy.
B) spleenectomy.
C) spleenotomy.
D) spleenostomy.

Question 64

There are ____ of WBCs.

A) Hundreds
B) thousands
C) millions
D) billions

Question 65

The development of memory cells to protect the individual from a second exposure is _____ acquired immunity.

A) natural active
B) artificial active
C) natural passive
D) artificial passive

Question 66

The production of RBCs is called

A) erythropenia.
B) erythrocytosis.
C) erythropoiesis.
D) erythropoietin.

Question 67

What is a type of second-line defense in which lymphocytes act nonspecifically to kill cells that have been infected by certain viruses and cancer cells?

A) B cells
B) NK cells
C) T cells
D) Lymphokines

Question 68

Vaccines are examples of which type of immunity?

A) Natural active acquired immunity
B) Artificial active acquired immunity
C) Natural passive acquired immunity
D) Artificial passive acquired immunity

Question 69

Intravenous transfer of blood from a donor to a recipient, either of whole blood or components, is

A) bone marrow transplant.
B) blood transfusion.
C) autologous transfusion.
D) hemostasis.

Question 70

A test that measures the amount of time for clot formation is called

A) prothrombin time.
B) Schilling test.
C) MCHC.
D) Western blot.

Question 71

T cells directly attack antigens in

A) cell-mediated immunity.
B) nonspecific immunity.
C) antibody-mediated immunity.
D) agglutination.

Question 72

What is the transplantation of healthy bone marrow from a donor to a patient to stimulate new blood cell formation?

A) Apheresis
B) Autologous bone marrow transplant
C) Homologous bone marrow transplant
D) Heterologous bone marrow transplant

Question 73

There are ____ of RBCs.

A) hundreds
B) thousands
C) millions
D) billions

Question 74

Immunoglobulins harvested from a donor who developed resistance against specific antigens provide _____ acquired immunity.

A) natural active
B) artificial active
C) natural passive
D) artificial passive

Question 75

Cutting out a lymph node is called

A) splenectomy.
B) biopsy.
C) lymphadenectomy.
D) adenoidectomy.

Question 76

A test to detect coagulation defects of the intrinsic system and hemophilias is called

A) Schilling test.
B) MCHC.
C) partial thromboplastin time.
D) prothrombin time.

Question 77

Which term means "removal of white blood cells"?

A) Leukopenia
B) Leukophoresis
C) Leukopoiesis
D) Leukapheresis

Question 78

A blood sample of a patient with sickle cell anemia shows an abnormality of cell

A) morphology.
B) numbers.
C) coagulation.
D) apheresis.

Question 79

Passage of antibodies through the placenta or breast milk is which type of immunity?

A) Natural active acquired immunity
B) Artificial active acquired immunity
C) Natural passive acquired immunity
D) Artificial passive acquired immunity

Question 80

Removal of the pharyngeal tonsils is

A) tonsillectomy.
B) adenoidectomy.
C) appendectomy.
D) splenectomy.