Deck 2: Cellular Reproduction

Question 1

In cells,lipids function as: The function of lipids in a cell is to: 1.An energy source
2)A major constituent of many cellular structures like the cell membrane
3)The genetic information

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1 and 2
E) 2 and 3

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

A) Mitochondria
B) Murein cell wall
C) Ribosome
D) Chloroplast
E) Lysosome

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Eukaryotic cells that possess two copies of each chromosome are said to exist in a ____________ state.

A) Haploid
B) Diploid
C) Aneuploid
D) Polyploid
E) None of these

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following structures is only found in eukaryotic cells?

A) Ribosomes
B) Cell membrane
C) Nucleus
D) Cell wall
E) None of these

Question 5

The ability of a cell to move through its environment is known as:

A) Cell trafficking
B) Cell motility
C) Flagellar motion
D) Phagocytosis
E) None of these

Question 6

Which of the following is not an example of a difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic chromosomes?

A) Eukaryotic chromosomes are linear and the prokaryotic chromosome is circular
B) Eukaryotes have more than one chromosome and prokaryotes have only one chromosome
C) Prokaryotic chromosomes are larger than eukaryotic chromosomes
D) All of these are examples of how eukaryote and prokaryote chromosomes differ
E) None of these are examples of how eukaryote and prokaryote chromosomes differ

Question 7

Eukaryotes can be characterized by: 1.The presence of a true nucleus or compartment in which the DNA is located
2)The presence of mitochondria
3)The presence of membrane bound organelles

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1 and 3
E) All of these

Question 8

Body cells (i.e.not sex cells)are known as:

A) Germ cells
B) Gametes
C) Somatic cells
D) spermatozoa
E) oocytes

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane?

A) Separates the contents of the cell from the outside environment
B) Controls the passage of substances into and out of the cell
C) Helps the cell maintain its shape
D) Contain substances that interact with the external environment
E) All of these

Question 10

A molecule that does not interact well with water is known as:

A) Hydrophonic
B) Hydrophilic
C) Hydrophobic
D) Water loving
E) Protein based

Question 11

A molecule that interacts easily with water is known as:

A) Hydrophonic
B) Hydrophilic
C) Hydrophobic
D) Lipid based
E) Protein based

Question 12

The ability of the cell to move materials to specific locations within the cell is known as:

A) Cell trafficking
B) Cell motility
C) Flagellar motion
D) Phagocytosis
E) None of these

Question 13

Prokaryotes can be characterized by: 1.The lack of a true nucleus or compartment in which the DNA is located
2)The unique cell walls composed of murein
3)The lack of mitochondria
4)All of these

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 1 and 3

Question 14

The function of proteins in a cell is to:

A) Act as the genetic information inside the cell
B) Serve as a constituent of many cellular structures
C) Catalyze chemical reactions
D) Choice B and C are correct
E) All choices are correct

Question 15

The main components of a membrane in a cell are:

A) Lipids
B) Proteins
C) Carbohydrates
D) Lipids and Proteins
E) Lipids and Carbohydrates

Question 16

In eukaryotes,where is the extranuclear DNA contained?

A) Mitochondria
B) Cell membrane
C) Chloroplasts
D) Mitochondria and cell membrane
E) Mitochondria and chloroplasts

Question 17

Which structure in the eukaryotic cell is responsible for the motion of the cell's ability to move through its environment and its ability to move substances within the cell?

A) Nucleus
B) Lysosome
C) Cell membrane
D) Cytoskeleton
E) Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 18

The internal liquid portion of the cell is known as:

A) Cytoplasmic membrane
B) Nucleus
C) Cytoplasm
D) Mitochondria
E) Lysosome

Question 19

The most abundant molecule in the cell is:

A) Carbohydrate
B) Lipid
C) Water
D) Protein
E) Nucleic acid

Question 20

Proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions are known as:

A) Proteosomes
B) Lysosomes
C) Chemosomes
D) Enzymes
E) Anions

Question 21

At the end of meiosis,each of the four daughter cells,which will be involved in sexual reproduction will exist in a _________ state.

A) Haploid
B) Diploid
C) Triploid
D) Polyploid
E) None of these

Question 22

Which is the cause of the separation of sister chromatids during anaphase? 1.The kinetochore breaks apart
2)The spindle fibers shorten
3)The materials holding the sister chromatids degrade

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1 and 2
E) 2 and 3

Question 23

Eukaryotic cells divide during which phase of the cell cycle?

A) G1
B) S
C) G2
D) M
E) K

Question 24

Sex cells typically possess only one copy of each chromosome and are said to exist in a ___________ state.

A) Haploid
B) Diploid
C) Anueploid
D) Polyploid
E) None of these

Question 25

Which of the following cellular components is responsible for executing the distribution of chromosomes during the process of mitosis?

A) Nucleus
B) Mitochondria
C) Microtubules
D) Chloroplasts
E) Flagella

Question 26

If a cell begins interphase (G1)with 4 chromatin molecules,how many chromatin molecules will each daughter cell possess at the end of telophase,after cytokinesis?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 8
D) 16
E) 32

Question 27

The central point that connects the two rod-like portions of the chromosome is known as:

A) Centrosome
B) Centromere
C) Central element
D) Central spindle
E) Connecting element

Question 28

Which of the following occurs in Meiosis 1 but not in Mitosis?

A) Homologous chromosomes pair during prophase
B) Homologous chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate
C) Homologous chromosomes separate from each other during anaphase
D) All of these
E) None of these

Question 29

Which of the following events characterizes metaphase of mitosis? 1.Attachment of spindle fibers to the kinetochores of the chromosomes
2)Movement of chromosomes to the equatorial plane of the cell
3)Separation of sister chromatids that are being pulled to the poles of the cell

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1 and 2
E) All of these

Question 30

Which of the following events characterizes prophase of mitosis? 1.Initial formation of spindle fibers
2)Condensation of chromosomes
3)Movement of chromosomes to the equatorial plane of the cell

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1 and 2
E) 2 and 3

Question 31

During which phase of the cell cycle does chromatin replication take place?

A) G1
B) S
C) G2
D) Prophase
E) Anaphase

Question 32

The process through with eukaryotic cells distribute their genetic material equally and exactly to their offspring is known as:

A) Mitosis
B) Meiosis
C) Binary fission
D) Cytokinesis
E) None of these

Question 33

The process that physically separates eukaryotic daughter cells from each other following nuclear division is known as:

A) Mitosis
B) Meiosis
C) Cytokinesis
D) Karyokinesis
E) None of these

Question 34

The points where chromosomes have physically crossed over are known as:

A) Centromeres
B) Kinetochores
C) Chiasmata
D) Diplonema
E) Pachynema

Question 35

The reformation of the nuclear membrane and the decondensing of the chromosomes are hallmark events in which phase of mitosis?

A) Prophase
B) Metaphase
C) Anaphase
D) Telophase
E) Interphase

Question 36

The process of cell division in a prokaryotic cell is known as:

A) Fusion
B) Fruition
C) Fission
D) Mitosis
E) Meiosis

Question 37

Chromosomes that exist as members of a pair and have the same genetic makeup are known as:

A) Heterologues
B) Homologues
C) Homozygous
D) Heterozygous
E) None of these

Question 38

If a cell enters prophase with 10 chromosomes how many chromosomes will be in the cell at the middle of anaphase?

A) 5
B) 10
C) 20
D) 40
E) 80

Question 39

Which of the following events takes place during Meiosis 2?

A) Homologous chromosomes cross over
B) Sister chromatid separate and move to the poles of the cell
C) Homologous chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate
D) The number of chromosomes is reduced by half
E) All of these take place during Meiosis 2

Question 40

Which of the following is a characteristic event of Prophase 1? 1.Separation of homologues
2)Synapsis of homologues
3)Crossing over between homologues

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1 and 3
E) 2 and 3

Question 41

An organism that is favored for use in genetic research is known as a/an:

A) Model organism
B) Specialized organism
C) Clone
D) Intermediate organism
E) Mammal

Question 42

Which of the following is a reason why the daughter cells that result from the process of Meiosis are not genetically identical to the parent cell at the beginning of the process? 1.Crossing over
2)Each homologous chromosome in a pair is inherited from a different parent (i.e.one from mom and one from dad)
3)Each homologue randomly assorts into a daughter cell

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) All of these
E) 2 and 3 only

Question 43

In plants,during which phase of the life cycle does meiosis occur?

A) Gametophytic
B) Sporophytic
C) Mitotic
D) All of these
E) None of these

Question 44

Which of the following is considered a model organism for use in genetic research?

A) E. coli
B) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
C) Drosophila melanogaster
D) Mus musculus
E) All of these

Question 45

Why has E.coli become a commonly used model organism in genetic research?

Question 46

Briefly compare the differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.