Deck 4: Workforce, Jobs, and Job Analysis

Question 1

_____ involves changing existing jobs in different ways to improve them.

A) Job shadowing
B) Job analysis
C) Job design
D) Job redesign

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true of special-purpose teams?

A) They are formed exclusively to connect individuals who are separated geographically.
B) They are formed to address specific problems, improve work processes, and enhance the overall quality of products and services.
C) They are permanent teams that fit the underlying culture of an organization.
D) They become entities that use regular internal decision-making processes of an organization.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following is a flow into the U.S. population?

A) Graduation
B) Immigration
C) Retirement
D) Death

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Individuals who belong to the generational group of Generation Y are called _____.

A) iGen'ers
B) Baby Boomers
C) Millennials
D) Traditionalists

Question 5

An individual born in 1967 belongs to the generational group called _____.

A) Generation Y
B) Traditionalists
C) Baby Boomers
D) Generation X

Question 6

Which of the following statements defines the labor force participation rate?

A) It is the percentage of the population working or seeking work.
B) It is the percentage of the population that is eligible to work legally.
C) It is the percentage of the population that is constantly changing jobs.
D) It is the percentage of the population with a bachelor's degree.

Question 7

_____ is the extent of individual freedom and discretion in work and its scheduling.

A) Autonomy
B) Reliability
C) Validity
D) Onboarding

Question 8

_____ is the process of shifting a person from job to job.

A) Job rotation
B) Job shadowing
C) Job enlargement
D) Job enrichment

Question 9

_____ involves broadening the scope of a job by expanding the number of different tasks that are performed.

A) Job rotation
B) Job shadowing
C) Job enlargement
D) Job wrapping

Question 10

In the United States, which of the following age groups is estimated to have the highest labor force participation rate by the year 2020?

A) 16- to 24-year-olds
B) 25- to 54-year-olds
C) 55- to 64-year-olds
D) 65- to 74-year-olds

Question 11

_____ play a significant role in job design because they are commonly the people who establish jobs and their design components.

A) Managers
B) Employees
C) Human resource personnel
D) Business consultants

Question 12

_____ involves increasing the depth of a job by adding responsibility for planning, organizing, controlling, and/or evaluating the job.

A) Job rotation
B) Job wrapping
C) Job enlargement
D) Job enrichment

Question 13

In the context of the job characteristics model, _____ is the extent to which a job includes a recognizable unit of work that is carried out from start to finish and results in a known consequence.

A) content validity
B) skill variety
C) task identity
D) task significance

Question 14

Which of the following is true of managers' influence on and control over job characteristics and the characteristics of the people in an organization?

A) Managers can influence or control both job characteristics and the basic characteristics of people.
B) Managers can influence or control job characteristics, but they usually cannot control the basic characteristics of people.
C) Managers can influence or control the basic characteristics of people, but they usually cannot control job characteristics.
D) Managers can neither influence or control job characteristics nor can they control the basic characteristics of people.

Question 15

_____ is the study of the way work moves through an organization.

A) Work shadowing
B) Workflow analysis
C) Organizational design
D) Organizational behavior

Question 16

_____ is the impact a job has on other people and the organization as a whole.

A) Content validity
B) Skill variety
C) Task identity
D) Task significance

Question 17

Which of the following is true of work?

A) It is effort directed toward accomplishing results.
B) It is the output achieved through various activities.
C) It is a group of tasks assigned to an employee.
D) It is the output that comes from organizational design.

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true of a job?

A) It is the output that comes from the accomplishment of tasks.
B) It is a grouping of tasks, duties, and responsibilities that constitutes the total work assignment for an employee.
C) It seldom changes until the accomplishment of tasks.
D) It refers to the intrinsic motivation necessary for task completion.

Question 19

_____ refers to organizing tasks, duties, responsibilities, and other elements into a productive unit of work.

A) Job shadowing
B) Job analysis
C) Job design
D) Job wrapping

Question 20

In the context of the job characteristics model, _____ is the extent to which a job requires several activities for successful completion.

A) content validity
B) skill variety
C) task identity
D) task significance

Question 21

In the context of job analysis responsibilities, which of the following is typically a responsibility of managers?

A) Seeking assistance from outside experts for unusual analyses
B) Coordinating job analysis
C) Helping complete job analysis information
D) Writing job descriptions and specifications

Question 22

Max, an employee at HiFi LLC, is responsible for performing the job analysis process in her organization. She is currently planning the job analysis. Which of the following should typically be Max's next step?

A) Preparing for and introducing job analysis
B) Conducting the job analysis
C) Developing job descriptions and job specifications
D) Gathering job analysis data

Question 23

Which of the following is an example of a compressed workweek in the United States?

A) Employees working for 10 hours, four days a week
B) Employees working for 10 hours, three days a week
C) Employees working for seven hours, six days a week
D) Employees working for eight hours, seven days a week

Question 24

In the context of the job analysis process, identifying jobs and methodology is a subtask of _____.

A) developing job descriptions and job specifications
B) conducting the job analysis
C) planning the job analysis
D) preparing for and introducing job analysis

Question 25

The term _____ is used to refer to teams that are composed of individuals who are separated geographically but who are linked by communications technology.

A) vertical team
B) special-purpose team
C) self-directed team
D) virtual team

Question 26

In the context of the job analysis process, reviewing drafts of job descriptions with managers and employees is a subtask of _____.

A) developing job descriptions and job specifications
B) conducting the job analysis
C) planning the job analysis
D) preparing for and introducing job descriptions

Question 27

Which of the following is typically the last step in the job analysis process?

A) Developing job descriptions and job specifications
B) Reviewing and compiling job analysis data
C) Maintaining and updating job descriptions and job specifications
D) Reviewing existing job documentation

Question 28

A _____ is defined as a distinct, identifiable work activity comprised of motions that employees perform.

A) duty
B) responsibility
C) competency
D) task

Question 29

In the context of job analysis responsibilities, which of the following is typically a responsibility of the HR unit?

A) Providing information to outside experts
B) Seeking assistance from outside experts for difficult analyses
C) Using job analysis information to identify performance standards
D) Requesting new analyses as jobs change

Question 30

Which of the following statements is true of self-directed teams?

A) They are formed exclusively to address specific problems and improve work processes.
B) They are formed exclusively to connect individuals who are separated geographically.
C) They are composed of individuals who are assigned a cluster of tasks, duties, and responsibilities to be accomplished.
D) They are temporary entities that rarely use the internal decision-making processes of an organization.
​

Question 31

Which of the following steps is typically performed first in the job analysis process?

A) Preparing for and introducing job analysis
B) Planning the job analysis
C) Reviewing existing job documentation
D) Developing job descriptions and job specifications

Question 32

Samuel, an employee at BluClu LLC, is responsible for performing the job analysis process in his organization. He has introduced and communicated the job analysis process to all his managers. Which of the following will typically be Samuel's next step?

A) Developing job descriptions and job specifications
B) Maintaining and updating job descriptions and job specifications
C) Planning the job analysis
D) Conducting the job analysis

Question 33

Cho, an employee at SunFun LLC, is responsible for handling the job analysis process in her organization. She has developed job descriptions and job specifications. Which of the following will typically be Cho's next step?

A) Preparing for and introducing job analysis
B) Maintaining and updating job descriptions and job specifications
C) Planning the job analysis
D) Conducting the job analysis

Question 34

A(n) _____ is defined as a large work segment comprised of several tasks that are performed by individuals.

A) duty
B) obligation
C) competency
D) responsibility

Question 35

Dave, an HR Manager at GoPhone LLC, is responsible for performing the job analysis process in his organization. He is currently gathering, reviewing, and compiling job analysis data. Which of the following should typically be Dave's next step?

A) Preparing for and introducing job analysis
B) Conducting the job analysis
C) Developing job descriptions and job specifications
D) Planning the job analysis

Question 36

In the context of job analysis methods, which of the following is a difference between the observation method and the interview method?

A) The observation method is used to collect data about many jobs, while the interview method can only be used to collect data about a single job.
B) The observation method is used to analyze jobs with long work hours, while the interview method is used to analyze jobs with short work hours.
C) The observation method is best suited for repetitive jobs with short cycle times, while the interview method is best suited for technical or complicated jobs.
D) The observation method requires frequent communication between employees and managers, while the interview method requires minimal communication between employees and managers.

Question 37

In the context of the job analysis process, periodically reviewing all jobs is a subtask of _____.

A) developing job descriptions and job specifications
B) conducting the job analysis
C) maintaining and updating job descriptions and job specifications
D) preparing for and introducing job analysis

Question 38

In the context of the job analysis process, gathering job analysis data is a subtask of _____.

A) developing job descriptions and job specifications
B) conducting the job analysis
C) planning the job analysis
D) preparing for and introducing job analysis

Question 39

Part-time jobs are used when less than _____ hours per week are required to do a job.

A) 40
B) 50
C) 60
D) 70

Question 40

In the context of job analysis methods and sources, which of the following statements is true of the work sampling method?

A) It requires a job analyst to determine the content and pace of a typical workday through continuous observation.
B) It requires a job analyst to attend to each detailed action throughout an entire work cycle.
C) It assumes that employees can accurately analyze and communicate information about their jobs.
D) It is particularly useful for routine and repetitive jobs.

Question 41

Ideally, when the work processes to be done in all jobs in an organization are combined, the total should equal the amount of work that the organization needs to have done.

Question 42

Which of the following sections of a job description includes the job title, department, reporting relationships, location, and date of analysis?

A) The job specification section
B) The identification section
C) The general summary section
D) The disclaimers and approvals section

Question 43

Workflow analysis is the study of the way work moves through an organization.

Question 44

The labor force participation rate is defined as the percentage of the population with a bachelor's degree.

Question 45

Problems such as hearing loss, backache, leg pain, stress, high blood pressure, general fatigue, sleeplessness, and heart disease can sometimes be linked directly to job design.

Question 46

Which of the following sections of a job description is a concise statement of the typical responsibilities and components that make the job different from others?

A) The job specifications section
B) The essential job functions section
C) The general summary section
D) The identification section

Question 47

A job changes as the tasks, duties, and responsibilities involved in the job change over time.

Question 48

A prospective candidate's educational details are noted in the _____ section of a job description.

A) job specifications
B) job disclaimers
C) general summary
D) identification

Question 49

A recent survey in the United States suggests that skill gaps exist in information technology, engineering, and research/development.

Question 50

Job code and pay grade are job description components noted in the _____ section.

A) job specifications
B) essential job functions and duties
C) general summary
D) identification

Question 51

Contingent workers are full-time employees.

Question 52

Which of the following statements is true of the Americans with Disabilities Act?

A) It requires that organizations identify the essential job functions of a job.
B) It establishes minimum wage, overtime, and child labor standards.
C) It prohibits employers from discriminating against pregnant employees.
D) It requires employers to provide a maximum of 12 weeks of unpaid leave to employees in certain situations.

Question 53

An integrated workflow analysis is likely to lead to better employee involvement, greater efficiency, and more customer satisfaction.

Question 54

_____ flow directly from a job description and indicate what the job accomplishes and how performance is measured in key areas of the job description.

A) Job specifications
B) Performance appraisals
C) Disclaimers and approvals
D) Performance standards

Question 55

In the context of job analysis methods, which of the following is a disadvantage of the questionnaire or survey method?

A) The distribution of survey instruments to a large number of employees is an expensive process.
B) Collecting information about a large number of jobs through questionnaires is a time-consuming process.
C) Survey instruments that are developed ahead of time fail to identify job factors relevant to employees and managers.
D) Employees may not accurately analyze and communicate information about their jobs.

Question 56

_____ list the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) an individual needs to perform a job satisfactorily.

A) Job references
B) Job descriptions
C) Job specifications
D) Job referrals

Question 57

_____ identifies a job's tasks, duties, and responsibilities.

A) Organizational design
B) A job description
C) A job specification
D) Organizational architecture

Question 58

Which of the following is typically the first section of a job description?

A) The essential job functions and duties section
B) The job specifications section
C) The identification section
D) The general summary section

Question 59

About 60 percent of the labor force in the United States is female.

Question 60

Workflow analysis usually begins with the evaluation of the activities that lead to actual outputs.

Question 61

Job specifications list the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) an individual needs to perform a job satisfactorily.

Question 62

A duty is a distinct, identifiable work activity composed of motions that employees perform.

Question 63

Special-purpose teams are organizational entities that use regular internal decision-making processes.

Question 64

Marginal job functions are duties that are part of a job but are incidental or ancillary to the purpose and nature of the job.

Question 65

Functional job analysis uses a competency approach to job analysis, and a functional definition of what is done in a job can be generated by examining the three components of data, people, and things.

Question 66

Competencies are individual capabilities that can be linked to enhanced performance by individuals or teams.

Question 67

The work sampling method of job analysis allows a job analyst to determine the content and pace of a typical workday through statistical sampling of certain actions rather than through continuous observation and timing of all actions.

Question 68

Telework means that employees perform their job duties remotely by using mobile devices, telecommunications, electronic communications, and Internet technology.

Question 69

Virtual teams are composed of individuals who are separated geographically but linked by communications technology.

Question 70

Triangulation means that two (or more) methods are used in a study to increase the validity of the results.

Question 71

The special-purpose team is formed to address specific problems, improve work processes, and enhance the overall quality of products and services.

Question 72

The observation method of job analysis is best suited for nonrepetitive jobs.

Question 73

Giving employees flexibility to perform jobs as needed is an example of job enrichment.

Question 74

Responsibilities are the obligations that individuals have to perform certain tasks and duties within a job.

Question 75

Drafting job descriptions and job specifications is typically the first step in the job analysis process.

Question 76

Shift differential is the additional pay that employees receive for working the evening or night shifts.

Question 77

Job enlargement is the process of increasing the depth of a job by adding responsibility for planning, organizing, controlling, and/or evaluating the job.

Question 78

Job rotation makes the workplace interesting to employees because they get the opportunity to perform in different types of positions.

Question 79

A job description identifies a job's tasks, duties, and responsibilities.

Question 80

Reviewing existing job documentation is typically the last step in the job analysis process.