Deck 3: Ethics: What Are My Responsibilities As a Researcher

Question 1

Very little Internet content is subject to copyright law.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Researchers' ethical responsibilities to participants includes which of the following?

A) protecting confidentiality but not anonymity of participants
B) avoiding debriefing participants when using deception
C) gaining informed consent
D) using participants' real names in the study

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The principle of utilitarianism argues for the greatest good for the greatest number.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Writing a literature review can have ethical implications in research owned by other people/companies. This is also known as ______.

A) use of proprietary information
B) use of secondary sources
C) use of chronology
D) issues of confidentiality

Question 5

The main points of the Declaration of Helsinki do not include ______.

A) research protocols reviewed by an independent committee
B) research conducted by qualified individuals
C) research risks not exceeding the benefits
D) use of deception

Question 6

A Judeo-Christian test of ethical behavior is "would you be willing to be a participant in your research study yourself?"

Question 7

______ consists of qualified researchers with similar interests assessing each other's work.

A) Utilitarianism
B) The Belmont Report
C) IRB review
D) Peer review

Question 8

The "Common Rule" refers to standards known as the Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects.

Question 9

In the United States, standards and regulations covering human subjects research are shared by several federal agencies. These shared standards are known as the ______.

A) Belmont Report
B) Common Rule
C) Declaration of Helsinki
D) Declaration of Human Rights

Question 10

______ means that the researcher will not release any information that identifies participants even if they know what information each participant provided them.

A) Confidentiality
B) Anonymity
C) Privacy
D) Personal safety

Question 11

Which are the three basic principles set out by the Belmont Report with regard to protection of human research subjects?

A) respect for persons, appropriate compensation, and justice
B) respect for persons, appropriate compensation, and beneficence
C) appropriate compensation, random selection, and justice
D) respect for persons, beneficence, and justice

Question 12

The categorical imperative ethic proposes that a behavior is valid if you are willing to see it applied as a universal rule.

Question 13

Which one of the following is typically TRUE of informed consent forms?

A) explains the nature of the study
B) explains the right of the researcher to stop participants from leaving the study
C) explains the right of the research to ban access the results of the study
D) explains the right of participants to be paid for participating in the study

Question 14

The Nuremberg Code was the first international code to emphasize that research participants must ______.

A) consent to participate in the research
B) be adults
C) be guaranteed confidentiality
D) be guaranteed anonymity

Question 15

It is generally safe to assume that individuals on the Internet are who they say they are.

Question 16

A major problem with Internet research is establishing the authenticity of individuals in cyberspace.

Question 17

A study in which the researcher observes people's behavior without them being aware of it is also known as ______.

A) unobtrusive measures
B) control group
C) confederates study
D) survey research

Question 18

The basic assumption of peer review is that the people best equipped to evaluate your work and its impact on human research participants are appropriately qualified people doing similar work to your own.

Question 19

Which ethical position argues that a behavior is valid if you're willing to apply it universally?

A) Judeo-Christian perspective
B) categorical imperative
C) utilitarianism
D) the veil of ignorance

Question 20

The "Veil of Ignorance" approach asks us to take a dispassionate approach, reviewing all sides of a decision equally.

Question 21

For some studies, the informed consent document will need to be in a language other than English.

Question 22

When you promise your participants confidentiality, it means while you can identify them as participants, you will not release that information to other people.

Question 23

Using summary (secondary), article gets you the same information as using primary (original) sources.

Question 24

Confidentiality and anonymity mean the same thing.

Question 25

When your participants are anonymous, nobody can identify who they are, even the researcher.

Question 26

Because research studies need a variety of participants, it's acceptable to pressure people to participate, even those who have said they don't want to.

Question 27

It is not necessary to explain to readers that deception was used in your research report.

Question 28

Since research studies are written in scholarly style, it's appropriate for the informed consent documents to be in scholarly style.

Question 29

A research study that finds nothing is an invalid study.

Question 30

Participants have a right to access the results of the study.

Question 31

Using deception in research is acceptable even if you don't notify the participants after the study is concluded.

Question 32

Plagiarism is an unethical representation of others' work as your own.

Question 33

Articles that do not support your argument should still be included in the literature review.

Question 34

Once participants sign consent forms, they're required to participate in the research study.

Question 35

Web survey software guarantees anonymity to Internet survey respondents.

Question 36

Using deception in research is always unethical.

Question 37

When a researcher uses unobtrusive measures, it means the participants don't know they're being observed.

Question 38

Although a research study only has volunteers who are students, it's acceptable to generalize to all people.

Question 39

Confederates are participants who have been briefed to act in a certain way, essentially "faking it" and deceiving other participants.

Question 40

Plagiarism can become a copyright issue in the case of proprietary research.

Question 41

High-risk studies online require minimal identity verification.

Question 42

Low-risk studies online require minimal identity verification.

Question 43

Identify and explain the main ethical responsibilities of communication researchers toward their research participants.

Question 44

Explain the steps involved in getting informed consent from participants.

Question 45

Discuss, with examples, whether deceiving participants in a research project is ever justifiable.

Question 46

Identify and explain two main points of the 1948 Nuremberg Code.

Question 47

Describe the three-step process for ethical research with social media.

Question 48

What is the purpose of the IRB?

Question 49

Explain the ethical issues related to identifying people in research on the Internet.

Question 50

Briefly explain what is meant by the term "peer review."

Question 51

Identify the types of human communication research that might potentially cause distress to research participants.

Question 52

An important privacy issue in online research is cross-nation data storage.

Question 53

The three key principles of the Belmont Report are respect for persons, beneficence, and justice. Explain what, in practice, each of these means.

Question 54

Explain the different connotations of the following terms for the people in your research: subject, respondent, informant, and collaborator.

Question 55

Explain the difference between the principle of utilitarianism and the categorical imperative in ethical positions.

Question 56

Informant, collaborator, and participant can all mean the same thing in research studies.

Question 57

What is the difference between anonymity and confidentiality? How is it relevant for your participants?

Question 58

Identify and explain the main points of the Declaration of Helsinki.