Deck 6: the Roman Empire

Question 1

IDENTIFICATIONS
Virgil's Aeneid

Answer 1

Not answer

Question 2

Edward Gibbon's famous book was titled The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. Historically speaking, what is wrong with this title?

Answer 2

Not answer

Question 3

IDENTIFICATIONS
maius imperium

Answer 3

Not answer

Question 4

How does the literature of the late Republic, the Augustan Age, and the Early Empire reflect the political problems of each period?

Question 5

IDENTIFICATIONS
Horace

Question 6

Compare and contrast the second century and the third century A.D. in the Roman Empire.

Question 7

IDENTIFICATIONS
Augustus

Question 8

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Varus and the Teutoburg Forest

Question 9

One historian has said that the Romans became Christians and the Christians became Romans. Discuss. Be specific.

Question 10

IDENTIFICATIONS
princeps

Question 11

The historian Edward Gibbon claimed that the Roman Empire in second century A.D. was a true Golden Age. What evidence could give credence to Gibbon's argument and what evidence could be given to refute it?

Question 12

Assume that you are a Roman citizen living in Rome in the second century A.D. Discuss both the potential good and bad points of your daily existence.

Question 13

IDENTIFICATIONS
the imperial cult

Question 14

It has been said of the Romans that two of their major contributions to Western civilization were in the areas of law and engineering. What exactly did the Romans achieve in each area?

Question 15

How much credit, if any, does Octavian deserve for what gets referred to as the Pax Romana, the "Roman peace"?

Question 16

Was Rome's single greatest problem its lack of a clear plan for political succession from emperor to emperor, or does this question accord too much importance to the emperors while overlooking more essential elements of Roman culture, society, and governance?

Question 17

IDENTIFICATIONS
legates

Question 18

IDENTIFICATIONS
imperator

Question 19

IDENTIFICATIONS
equestrian order

Question 20

Explain the factors involved in the spread of Christianity in the Roman Empire. It has been said that Christian experience as outlaws and hunted fugitives was crucial to the successful development of the Christian church. Why is this true?

Question 21

IDENTIFICATIONS
Livy

Question 22

IDENTIFICATIONS
Ovid

Question 23

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Hadrian's Pantheon

Question 24

IDENTIFICATIONS
Flavians

Question 25

IDENTIFICATIONS
"the year of the four emperors"

Question 26

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Marcus Aurelius' Meditations

Question 27

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aqueducts

Question 28

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Tacitus

Question 29

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latifundia and coloni

Question 30

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Romanization

Question 31

IDENTIFICATIONS
praetorian guard

Question 32

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Juvenal

Question 33

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Julio-Claudians

Question 34

IDENTIFICATIONS
the Silk Road

Question 35

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Seneca

Question 36

IDENTIFICATIONS
the "good emperors"

Question 37

IDENTIFICATIONS
the Pax Romana

Question 38

IDENTIFICATIONS
Colosseum and the baths of Caracalla

Question 39

IDENTIFICATIONS
Caracalla and citizenship

Question 40

IDENTIFICATIONS
Caligula and Nero

Question 41

IDENTIFICATIONS
bishops

Question 42

IDENTIFICATIONS
Decius and Diocletian

Question 43

IDENTIFICATIONS
insulae

Question 44

IDENTIFICATIONS
Goths and Franks

Question 45

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Perpetua

Question 46

IDENTIFICATIONS
Vesuvius and Pompeii

Question 47

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Mithraism

Question 48

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Galen

Question 49

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a Messiah

Question 50

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Sadducees and Pharisees

Question 51

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"Bread and Circuses"

Question 52

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Ulpian

Question 53

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Zealots

Question 54

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Essenes and the Dead Sea Scrolls

Question 55

IDENTIFICATIONS
Paul of Tarsus

Question 56

IDENTIFICATIONS
Septimius Severis

Question 57

IDENTIFICATIONS
gladiatorial games

Question 58

IDENTIFICATIONS
the Eucharist

Question 59

IDENTIFICATIONS
Jesus and Christ

Question 60

IDENTIFICATIONS
paterfamilias

Question 61

The absolute monarchical powers of Augustus as princeps led to

A) the usual victory of his candidates in official elections.
B) the decline of popular participation in elections.
C) his great popularity, as he followed proper legal forms for his power.
D) a and c
E) all of the above

Question 62

Romanization in the Roman empire

A) occurred quickly in the west.
B) developed first in the lower classes.
C) saw Latin illuminate the use of the Greek language in the east.
D) never included the practice of allowing local inhabitants to become Roman officials.
E) occurred more quickly in the east than the west because of greater urbanization in the east.

Question 63

Among Augustus' most important actions in the area of Roman religion was his

A) destruction of the cults of Augustus and Roma.
B) claim to be a god in his own lifetime.
C) creation of an imperial cult.
D) outlawing all traditional female religious festivals.
E) destruction of all of the mystery religions.

Question 64

The colonies of veterans established by Augustus throughout the empire proved especially valuable in

A) getting rid of external threats.
B) draining the imperial treasury of its funds.
C) drawing extra criticism to the emperor.
D) attracting new recruits to the army from frontier provinces.
E) Romanizing the provinces.

Question 65

Concerning social classes during early Roman Empire,

A) provincials were allowed to hold certain high magisterial positions.
B) the power of the equestrian class was expanded.
C) the Senate was expanded to include 400 equestrians.
D) debt slavery was ended as a means to acquire slaves.
E) independent farms made up the soldiers in Rome's legions.

Question 66

Livy was best known in the Augustan Age for his

A) Aeneid.
B) Metamophoses.
C) Satires.
D) Meditations.
E) History of Rome in 142 books.

Question 67

The Senate granted Octavian the title Imperator (Emperor) but he preferred to be addressed as

A) pontifex
B) dominus
C) overlord
D) senator
E) princeps

Question 68

Roman provincial and frontier policy under Augustus was characterized by all of the following except

A) limitless expansion in central Europe.
B) the encouragement of self-government among provincial cities.
C) provincial rule by proconsuls.
D) minimum military force to the east.
E) a withdrawal from military activity in central Europe after military defeat by German tribes.

Question 69

Identify the correct relationship between "golden age" author and his major work:

A) Virgil Amores
B) Ovid Aeneid
C) Horace History of Rome
D) Cicero The Georgics
E) Ovid The Art of Love

Question 70

Augustus' social legislation enacted to stop the decline of Roman morals

A) meant a social revolution at every level of Roman society.
B) made adultery a criminal offense and outlawed wasteful expenditures for feasts.
C) penalized couples for having too many children.
D) encouraged the development of the nuclear family.
E) all of the above

Question 71

The event that curtailed Augustus's expansionist policies was

A) the Senatorial rejection of imperialist policy in 20 B.C.
B) the defeat by Varus in the Teutoburg Forest.
C) the revolt of the Egyptians in 14 B.C.
D) the successful series of invasions by the Parthians in the east.
E) revolt by the Jews in Judea.

Question 72

Which of the following statements was true of Augustan society?

A) Popular assemblies of the lower classes continually grew in importance.
B) Legislation was passed concerning the corruption of morals.
C) Equestrians gained the upper hand in the political sphere.
D) Religion was no longer considered important.
E) The city of Rome, including the Colosseum, was entirely rebuilt.

Question 73

The Roman Senate under Augustus was

A) stripped of all but the most superficial of powers.
B) a full and equal partner of the princeps.
C) retained as the chief deliberative body of the Roman state.
D) no longer a high court of justice nor allowed to control the public treasury.
E) completely dissolved and eliminated.

Question 74

Among Augustus' key innovations in Roman provincial rule was his

A) abandonment of North Africa.
B) division of Roman provinces into those ruled directly by the princeps and the senatorial provinces administered by the Senate.
C) use of military governors alone.
D) complete revision of provincial tax policies.
E) creation of a federal system wherein provincial governors had almost complete power.

Question 75

Which of the following statements best describes the governing of Roman provinces under Augustus?

A) efficient, with the governor usually being an ex-general
B) efficient, with legates cooperating with the local elites
C) poor, with Roman governors often being corrupt
D) efficient, with governors receiving one year of training before assuming their positions
E) mostly efficient, although there were numerous local uprisings against Roman rule

Question 76

The Roman praetorian guards were

A) elite troops given the task of protecting the emperor.
B) mobile units meant to patrol the boundaries of the empire.
C) often used to train the gladiators.
D) cavalry used to spearhead military offensives.
E) stationed along Hadrian's Wall in northern Britain.

Question 77

Ovid's The Art of Love

A) condemned the loose sexual morals of the Roman upper classes.
B) caused great displeasure to Augustus and led to Ovid's eventual exile.
C) was a guidebook for married women.
D) was a poetical treatise on romantic love.
E) all of the above

Question 78

The city on the Tiber that was Rome's chief port was

A) Venice.
B) Marseilles.
C) Naples.
D) Tiberius.
E) Ostia.

Question 79

The Aeneid is a poem by Virgil about

A) the founding of Rome.
B) the Punic Wars.
C) the joys of farming.
D) freedom and liberty.
E) Christian justice.

Question 80

Under the rule of Augustus, the Roman Empire

A) was a Principate, without Augustus acting as an equal co-ruler with the Senate.
B) returned to its traditional republic institutions.
C) turned towards an absolute monarchy, with the princeps overshadowing the Senate.
D) experienced a series of civil wars, making Augustus unpopular among the citizenry.
E) became an oligarchy, with political power shared between the princeps and the Senate