Deck 8: european Civilization in the Early Middle Ages, 750-1000

Question 1

IDENTIFICATIONS
Pepin

Answer 1

Not answer

Question 2

IDENTIFICATIONS
clerical celibacy

Answer 2

Not answer

Question 3

IDENTIFICATIONS
margraves and counts

Answer 3

Not answer

Question 4

Why does the author use the title, the "zenith of Byzantine civilization," to describe the Byzantine civilization of the ninth and tenth centuries?

Question 5

Does the phrase "Middle Ages" overlook that which was unique about this phase of Western Civilization, treating these centuries only as an interlude between other times of greater significance and originality?

Question 6

Describe feudalism. It has been said that feudalism was the perfect political system for the Middle Ages. Explain.

Question 7

To what extent did the Catholic Church alter Germanic practices in regard to family, sexuality, and children?

Question 8

IDENTIFICATIONS
scriptoria

Question 9

Discuss the changing relations between Islam and the Byzantine Empire between 750 and 1000.

Question 10

Was European civilization from 750 to 1000 characterized more by stasis or change?

Question 11

To what extent was the Carolingian world a continuation of the past, and to what extent did the societies spawned by Charlemagne represent change and innovation?

Question 12

IDENTIFICATIONS
Charlemagne

Question 13

IDENTIFICATIONS
Einhard

Question 14

Compare Islamic civilization to the civilization of Western Europe in the ninth and tenth centuries. Why was it superior? How did they mutually affect one another?

Question 15

IDENTIFICATIONS
infanticide

Question 16

Of what significance was the Carolingian intellectual renaissance to western European civilization?

Question 17

Describe the conversion to Christianity of the various peoples of Eastern Europe, including a discussion about the responsibilities of Rome and of Constantinople in that process.

Question 18

IDENTIFICATIONS
Christmas Day, 800

Question 19

How should the Vikings be remembered, and why?

Question 20

IDENTIFICATIONS
missi dominici

Question 21

IDENTIFICATIONS
vassalage

Question 22

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Alcuin of York

Question 23

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Carolingian Renaissance

Question 24

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mandrake, henbane, and bleeding

Question 25

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Magyars

Question 26

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lords and vassals

Question 27

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the stirrup

Question 28

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the Battle of Lechfeld

Question 29

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dux

Question 30

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Otto I

Question 31

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knights

Question 32

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Treaty of Verdun

Question 33

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Hugh Capet

Question 34

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Vikings

Question 35

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Carolingian minuscule

Question 36

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fief

Question 37

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Danelaw and Normandy

Question 38

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feudalism

Question 39

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subinfeudation

Question 40

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Louis the Pious

Question 41

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Cordoba

Question 42

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Cyril and Methodius

Question 43

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Harun al-Rashid

Question 44

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Slavs

Question 45

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Macedonian emperors

Question 46

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manorialism

Question 47

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algebra and the astrolabe

Question 48

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Vladimir

Question 49

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Kiev

Question 50

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serfs

Question 51

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Umayyad

Question 52

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Rurik

Question 53

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Alfred the Great

Question 54

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the Rus

Question 55

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Slavonic/Cyrillic alphabet

Question 56

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Baghdad

Question 57

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Abbasids

Question 58

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Photian schism

Question 59

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Varangians

Question 60

IDENTIFICATIONS
Orthodox Christianity

Question 61

Initially, the greatest effect of the church on Frankish marriage

A) was to make it one of the sacraments.
B) was to limit sexual license.
C) emphasized the indissolubility of marriage.
D) prohibited the marriage of priests.
E) encouraged warriors, but not peasants, to have multiple wives.

Question 62

The missi dominici were officials that Charlemagne used to

A) administer the palace school at Aachen.
B) review the liturgy for errors.
C) check on his counts.
D) kill prisoners of war not deemed fit for redemption.
E) serve him wine.

Question 63

Regarding sexuality, the Catholic Church in the Early Middle Ages

A) could not enforce clerical celibacy.
B) continued the Roman Empire's condemnation of homosexuality.
C) accepted sex for the purpose of pleasure within marriage only.
D) viewed coitus interruptus as the only legitimate birth control method.
E) discouraged marriage because it weakened the spiritual practices of Christians.

Question 64

The staple food in the Carolingian diet was

A) bread.
B) mutton.
C) beef.
D) pork.
E) vegetables.

Question 65

Charlemagne's Carolingian Renaissance was characterized by

A) outstanding creativity and original thought.
B) illuminated manuscripts done in Merovingian cursive script.
C) the works of Alcuin, who rejected all classical educational ideals.
D) a preference for Greek over German.
E) new copies of classical literary works produced in Benedictine monastic scriptoria.

Question 66

Socially and culturally, the church's advocacy of indissoluble marriage resulted in

A) more bachelors who never married.
B) the development of the nuclear family at the expense of the extended family.
C) a great proportion of widows in communities.
D) the birth of fewer children in medieval times.
E) an rapid increase in Europe's population.

Question 67

In the Middle Ages, monastic hospitality to travelers was

A) forbidden because monks were to be secluded from any contact with the outside world.
B) offered occasionally, but only with royal permission.
C) offered occasionally, but only with the permission of the abbot.
D) offered to men but not to women, as the latter were potentially too sexually threatening to the celibate monks.
E) a sacred duty.

Question 68

Carolingian society was marked by all of the following except

A) the use of bleeding to cure illness.
B) a total disinterest in bodily cleanliness.
C) different patterns of consumption of foodstuffs among rich and poor.
D) the vices of gluttony and drunkenness.
E) considerable violence.

Question 69

Which of the following was a similarity between medicine in the Early Middle Ages and medicine in earlier pagan times?

A) Both relied heavily on primitive surgery.
B) In both periods, magical rites, charms, and amulets were used.
C) Anesthesia was unknown in both eras.
D) Medical training was unknown in both periods.
E) All medical treatises, few as they were, were written in the vernacular.

Question 70

In the Early Middle Ages, the cultivation of new land was hard because

A) the forests of Europe were so thick.
B) climatic changes, including colder temperatures, shortened growing seasons.
C) crude tools of the era made land clearing arduous.
D) all the above
E) a and c

Question 71

Charlemagne's most disappointing military campaign came against the

A) Basques.
B) Avars.
C) Saxons.
D) Lombards.
E) Ostrogoths.

Question 72

The expansion of the Carolingian Empire under Charlemagne

A) was carried out with the largest army in history up to its time.
B) was most successful against the German tribes to the east.
C) resulted in the quick destruction of the Saxons.
D) resulted in the capture of all of Europe except for Italy.
E) succeeded in capturing most of Spain from the Moors.

Question 73

The percentage of European land cultivated in the Early Middle Ages is estimated at

A) less than 10 percent.
B) slightly more than 20 percent.
C) 35 percent.
D) 50 percent.
E) just higher than 75 percent.

Question 74

Who wrote The Life of Charlemagen written between 817 and 830?

A) Notker the Stammerer.
B) Charles Martel.
C) Einhard.
D) Charlemagne.
E) Seutonius the Pius.

Question 75

The Carolingian monks

A) were known for the production of scriptoria, a type of paper.
B) through their copying of manuscripts the works of Latin classical authors were preserved.
C) were best known for their hospitality to travelers.
D) were known for their educational innovations.
E) fought in the armies of Charlemagne and his successors.

Question 76

In the early Middle Ages, Germanic tribes newly converted to Christianity still held pagan beliefs such as

A) nymphs inhabited rivers and ponds.
B) trees were sacred beings and could not be cut down.
C) the flight of birds could predict the future.
D) mirrors could "steal" the souls of their owners.
E) it was unlucky to pray.

Question 77

The coronation of Charlemagne in 800 as emperor of the Romans

A) was performed by Pope Zacharias I.
B) was defended by the Donation of Constantine.
C) symbolized the fusion of Roman, Germanic, and Christian cultures.
D) greatly pleased the new emperor who had long coveted this office.
E) was approved beforehand by the Byzantine Emperor.

Question 78

The Carolingian scholar Alcuin is best noted for

A) helping to lay the foundation for medieval education.
B) his influential views on the "indissoluble nature" of marriage.
C) his emphasis on Frankish languages over classical Latin.
D) preaching against the lazy monastic orders.
E) his opposition to celibacy.

Question 79

The first Frankish king to be anointed in holy ceremony by an agent of the pope was

A) Zacharias.
B) Charlemagne.
C) Charles Martel.
D) Pepin.
E) Louis the Pious.

Question 80

IDENTIFICATIONS
Avicenna