Deck 11: The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

Question 1

Mycoplasmas differ from other bacteria in that they

A) are gram- negative.
B) are acid- fast.
C) lack a cell wall.
D) are motile.
E) grow inside host cells.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

All of the following bacteria are motile. Which does NOT have flagella?

A) Salmonella
B) Pseudomonas
C) spirochetes
D) Escherichia
E) helical bacteria

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Both Beggiatoa and the purple sulfur bacteria use H₂S. These bacteria differ in that Beggiatoa

A) uses H₂S for a carbon source.
B) belongs to the gammaproteobacteria.
C) uses H₂S for an energy source.
D) uses light energy.
E) is a heterotroph.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT an enteric?

A) Shigella
B) Escherichia
C) Enterobacter
D) Salmonella
E) Campylobacter

Question 5

The nonsulfur photosynthetic bacteria use organic compounds as

A) carbon sources.
B) electron donors to reduce CO₂.
C) oxygen sources.
D) energy sources.
E) electron acceptors.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the causative agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever is FALSE?

A) It is transmitted by ticks.
B) It is an intracellular parasite.
C) It is gram- negative.
D) It is in the genus Rickettsia.
E) It is found in soil and water.

Question 7

All of the following bacteria are gram- positive. Which does NOT belong with the others?

A) Actinomyces
B) Mycobacterium
C) Listeria
D) Corynebacterium
E) Bacillus

Question 8

Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, and Serratia are all

A) gram- negative facultatively anaerobic rods.
B) endospore- forming bacteria.
C) pathogens.
D) fermentative.
E) gram- positive aerobic cocci.

Question 9

Caulobacter are different from most bacteria in that they

A) have stalks.
B) are gram- positive.
C) are gram- negative.
D) are motile.
E) lack cell walls.

Question 10

Which one of the following bacteria does NOT belong with the others?

A) Escherichia
B) Bacillus
C) Lactobacillus
D) Streptococcus
E) Staphylococcus

Question 11

A primary difference between cyanobacteria and purple and green phototrophic bacteria is

A) electron donor for CO₂ reduction.
B) color.
C) energy source.
D) cell type.
E) cell wall type.

Question 12

Which one of the following bacteria does NOT belong with the others?

A) Campylobacter
B) Pseudomonas
C) Salmonella
D) Bordetella
E) Burkholderia

Question 13

You have isolated a bacterium that grows in a medium containing only inorganic nutrients. Ammonia is oxidized to a nitrate ion. This bacterium is

A) gram- negative.
B) a photoheterotroph.
C) a photoautotroph
D) using anaerobic respiration.
E) a chemoautotroph.

Question 14

Escherichia coli belongs to the

A) spirochetes.
B) actinomycetes.
C) green sulfur bacteria.
D) gram- positive bacteria.
E) proteobacteria.

Question 15

Burkholderia was reclassified from the gammaproteobacteria to the betaproteobacteria because

A) it causes melioidosis.
B) it grows in disinfectants.
C) it is a gram- negative rod.
D) its rRNA sequence is similar to that of Neisseria.
E) it causes infections in cystic fibrosis patients.

Question 16

You have isolated a prokaryotic cell. The first step in identification is a(n)

A) Gram stain.
B) DNA fingerprint.
C) endospore stain.
D) flagella stain.
E) lactose fermentation test.

Question 17

Which of the following is the best reason to classify Streptococcus in the Lactobacillales?

A) found in dairy products
B) Gram reaction
C) rRNA sequences
D) fermentation of lactose
E) morphology

Question 18

The crab industry needs female crabs for growing more crabs. What bacterium might be used to ensure development of female crabs and shrimp?

A) Neisseria
B) Acinetobacter
C) Gemmata
D) Wolbachia
E) Pelagibacter

Question 19

You have isolated a bacterium that grows in a medium containing an organic substrate and nitrate in the absence of oxygen. The nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas. You can be sure that this bacterium is

A) gram- positive.
B) a photoheterotroph.
C) using anaerobic respiration.
D) a photoautotroph.
E) a chemoautotroph.

Question 20

Which of the following bacteria are responsible for more infections and more different kinds of infections?

A) Streptococcus
B) Neisseria
C) Salmonella
D) Pseudomonas
E) Staphylococcus

Question 21

You have isolated an aerobic gram- positive, endospore- forming bacterium that grows well on nutrient agar. To which of the following groups does it most likely belong?

A) bacillales
B) deltaproteobacteria
C) phototrophic bacteria
D) gammaproteobacteria
E) The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided.

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic inherent of the non- endospore- forming gram- positive rods?

A) carry out fermentative metabolism
B) lack cell walls
C) nonpathogenic
D) are aerotolerant
E) display a branched filamentous morphology

Question 23

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A) actinomycetes - reproduce by fragmentation
B) archaea - extremophiles
C) chemoautotrophic bacteria - fix atmospheric nitrogen
D) Cytophaga - a gliding, nonfruiting bacterium
E) dissimilatory sulfate- reducing bacteria - produce H₂S

Question 24

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A) mycobacteria - acid- fast
B) Pseudomonas - gram- positive
C) aerobic, helical bacteria - gram- negative
D) spirochete - axial filament
E) enterics - gram- negative

Question 25

Streptomyces differs from Actinomyces because Streptomyces

A) is a bacterium.
B) produces conidia.
C) forms filaments.
D) makes antibiotics.
E) is a strict aerobe.

Question 26

Which one of the following does NOT belong with the others?

A) Wolbachia
B) Rickettsia
C) Staphylococcus
D) Coxiella
E) Ehrlichia

Question 27

Thiobacillus oxidizes inorganic sulfur compounds and reduces CO₂. This bacterium is a

A) photoautotroph.
B) chemoautotroph.
C) gammaproteobacteria.
D) chemoheterotroph.
E) photoheterotroph.

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of spirochetes?

A) helical shape
B) gram- negative
C) found in the human oral cavity
D) possess an axial filament
E) easily observed with brightfield microscopy

Question 29

Figure 11.1

What is group "c." in the key shown in Figure 11.1?

A) fusobacteria
B) chlamydiae
C) planctomycetes
D) bacteroidetes
E) spirochaetes

Question 30

Which of the following bacteria is gram- positive?

A) Pseudomonas
B) Bacteroides
C) Salmonella
D) Rickettsia
E) Streptococcus

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Neisseria?

A) gram- negative
B) oxidase- positive
C) requires X and V factors
D) cocci
E) Some species are human pathogens.

Question 32

Which of the following bacteria is gram- negative?

A) Staphylococcus
B) Corynebacterium
C) Bacillus
D) Treponema
E) Mycobacterium

Question 33

Which of the following do you expect to be MOST resistant to high temperatures?

A) Bacillus subtilis
B) Streptococcocus pyogenes
C) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
D) Staphylococcus aureus
E) Eschericia coli

Question 34

Which of the following bacteria does NOT belong with the others?

A) Staphylococcus
B) Halobacterium
C) Methanobacterium
D) Halococcus
E) Sulfolobus

Question 35

Which of the following genera is an anaerobic gram- negative rod?

A) Bacteroides
B) Treponema
C) Neisseria
D) Staphylococcus
E) Escherichia

Question 36

You have isolated a gram- positive rod. What should you do next?

A) endospore stain
B) lactose fermentation
C) enterotube
D) flagella stain
E) Gram stain

Question 37

Which of the following lacks a cell wall?

A) Clostridium
B) Mycobacterium
C) Nocardia
D) Borrelia
E) Mycoplasma

Question 38

Borrelia is classified as a spirochete because it

A) possesses an axial filament.
B) is transmitted by ticks.
C) is aerobic.
D) is a pathogen.
E) is a rod.

Question 39

Which of the following form conidiospores?

A) spiral and curved bacteria
B) anaerobic gram- negative cocci
C) endospore- forming gram- positive rods and cocci
D) actinomycetes and related organisms
E) rickettsias

Question 40

Which of the following are found primarily in the intestines of humans?

A) endospore- forming rods
B) facultatively anaerobic gram- negative rods
C) gram- negative aerobic rods and cocci
D) aerobic, helical bacteria
E) gram- positive cocci

Question 41

Currently, no members of Archaea have been linked to human disease.

Question 42

A colleague proposes that the Archaea may be the oldest life forms currently inhabiting Earth. Do you agree? Explain.

Question 43

The Gram stain is not suitable for identifying members of the Archaea.

Question 44

Myxobacteria are classified as actinobacteria due to fungal- like lifestyle.

Question 45

The majority of bacterial species on Earth have not been successfully cultivated.

Question 46

Bacterial predators such as Bdellovibrio are members of the betaproteobacteria.

Question 47

Bacteroides and Escherichia are both gram- negative rods found in the large intestine. Why are they in different phyla?

Question 48

Photosynthetic organisms always produce oxygen gas as a metabolic byproduct.

Question 49

Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly matched?

A) elementary body - Escherichia
B) heterocyst - cyanobacteria
C) myxospore - gliding bacteria
D) endospore - Clostridium
E) endospore - Bacillus

Question 50

Requirements for X and V factors are used to identify

A) Haemophilus.
B) Pseudomonas.
C) Staphylococcus.
D) Escherichia.
E) Neisseria.

Question 51

The deinococci can be categorized as extremophiles.

Question 52

All gram- negative bacteria are classified as proteobacteria.

Question 53

Rickettsias differ from chlamydias in that rickettsias

A) form elementary bodies.
B) are enterics.
C) are gram- negative.
D) require an arthropod for transmission.
E) are intracellular parasites.

Question 54

The human body is typically free of archaeal species.

Question 55

Two distinguishing factors of the epsilonproteobacteria that they are motile and microaerophilic.

Question 56

Staphylococcus and Streptococcus can be easily differentiated in a laboratory by which one of the following?

A) Gram stain reaction
B) cell shape
C) ability to cause disease
D) glucose fermentation
E) growth in high salt concentrations

Question 57

Actinomycetes differ from fungi in that actinomycetes

A) are chemoheterotrophs.
B) cause disease.
C) lack a membrane- bounded nucleus.
D) are decomposers.
E) require light.