Deck 20: the Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on European Society

Question 1

IDENTIFICATIONS
James Hargreaves' spinning jenny

Answer 1

Not answer

Question 2

IDENTIFICATIONS
canals

Answer 2

Not answer

Question 3

IDENTIFICATIONS
coal and coke

Answer 3

Not answer

Question 4

IDENTIFICATIONS
Industrial Revolution

Question 5

IDENTIFICATIONS
the cottage system

Question 6

Assume that you are a small landowner who lost his land due to economic changes in the British countryside. In a brief essay, explain your changed position and lifestyle as you and your family move to Manchester to gain employment in one of the new factories.

Question 7

Discuss and trace the role of the factory in the early Industrial Revolution. What made the factory system possible? What impact did it have on the lives of workers, especially on women and children?

Question 8

IDENTIFICATIONS
cotton industry

Question 9

Discus the impact of the early Industrial Revolution upon the family, the role of women, and the living and working conditions of the industrial workers?

Question 10

Can it be argued that the Industrial Revolution provided a net benefit for Western Civilization during the early decades of its emergence?

Question 11

How are changes in population growth and the development of urbanization related to the Industrial Revolution?

Question 12

Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Great Britain?

Question 13

Did governments do more to promote the interests of workers or of employers, and why?

Question 14

IDENTIFICATIONS
hand-loom weavers

Question 15

Compare and contrast the patterns of industrialization in continental Europe and the United States with that of Great Britain.

Question 16

IDENTIFICATIONS
agricultural revolution

Question 17

IDENTIFICATIONS
Richard Arkwright's water frame

Question 18

Do notions of "class," whether of the worker, the employer, the middle, the upper, or the lower do more to confuse historical understanding than to actually explain the era of the Industrial Revolution?

Question 19

IDENTIFICATIONS
Samuel Crompton's mule

Question 20

Discuss the concept of the 'middle-class' and its relation to the Industrial Revolution.

Question 21

IDENTIFICATIONS
George Stephenson's Rocket

Question 22

IDENTIFICATIONS
the American system

Question 23

IDENTIFICATIONS
steamboats

Question 24

IDENTIFICATIONS
Henry Cort

Question 25

IDENTIFICATIONS
the Great Famine

Question 26

IDENTIFICATIONS
preindustrial workers

Question 27

IDENTIFICATIONS
India's cotton cloth production

Question 28

IDENTIFICATIONS
Great Exhibition of 1851

Question 29

IDENTIFICATIONS
Richard Trevithick

Question 30

IDENTIFICATIONS
railroads

Question 31

IDENTIFICATIONS
puddling

Question 32

IDENTIFICATIONS
factory discipline

Question 33

IDENTIFICATIONS
tariffs

Question 34

IDENTIFICATIONS
suburbs

Question 35

IDENTIFICATIONS
joint-stock companies

Question 36

IDENTIFICATIONS
James Watt and the rotary engine

Question 37

IDENTIFICATIONS
the Crystal Palace

Question 38

IDENTIFICATIONS
industrial factory

Question 39

IDENTIFICATIONS
the factory

Question 40

IDENTIFICATIONS
Ireland and the potato

Question 41

IDENTIFICATIONS
Coal Mines Act of 1842

Question 42

IDENTIFICATIONS
child labor

Question 43

IDENTIFICATIONS
trade unions

Question 44

IDENTIFICATIONS
the Poor Law of 1834

Question 45

IDENTIFICATIONS
Edwin Chadwick

Question 46

IDENTIFICATIONS
Chartism and the People's Charter

Question 47

IDENTIFICATIONS
factory acts

Question 48

IDENTIFICATIONS
new elites

Question 49

IDENTIFICATIONS
Ten Hours Act of 1847

Question 50

IDENTIFICATIONS
working class

Question 51

IDENTIFICATIONS
cholera

Question 52

IDENTIFICATIONS
Britain's Poor Law Commission

Question 53

IDENTIFICATIONS
the Grand National Consolidated Trades Union

Question 54

IDENTIFICATIONS
Luddites

Question 55

IDENTIFICATIONS
the London Working Men's Association

Question 56

IDENTIFICATIONS
Robert Owen

Question 57

IDENTIFICATIONS
domestic servants

Question 58

IDENTIFICATIONS
the Amalgamated Society of Engineers

Question 59

IDENTIFICATIONS
bourgeoisie

Question 60

IDENTIFICATIONS
the workhouse

Question 61

Which one of the following allowed steam engines to be located away from rivers?

A) They were small and hence portable.
B) Water could be brought to them by irrigation channels.
C) They ran on coal.
D) They ran on oil.
E) a and b

Question 62

One of the chief reasons why Europe initially lagged behind England in industrialization was a lack of

A) banking facilities.
B) roads and means of transportation.
C) manpower.
D) capital for investment.
E) lack of intellect.

Question 63

Textile workers in which of the following countries, formerly dependent on such work, could no longer compete with British cotton produced with the aid of steam engines?

A) India.
B) America.
C) France.
D) Algeria.
E) Russia.

Question 64

The Englishman Henry Cort was responsible for the process in iron smelting known as

A) puddling.
B) cottling.
C) the open hearth.
D) skimming.
E) corking.

Question 65

The Industrial Revolution had its beginnings in

A) France.
B) Belgium.
C) Prussia.
D) the United States.
E) Great Britain.

Question 66

Which of the following inventions proved vital to the industrialization of British cotton manufacturing?

A) Arkwright's spinning frame.
B) Hargreaves' spinning jenny.
C) Cartwright's power loom.
D) a and b
E) all of the above

Question 67

In 1804, Richard Trevithick pioneered

A) an oil-fired locomotive.
B) the steering wheel for trains.
C) the first steam-powered locomotive on an industrial rail line.
D) the first electric-powered locomotive for military use.
E) the motion-picture camera.

Question 68

The new set of values established by factory owners during the Industrial Revolution

A) was rejected by evangelical religions as being "unchristian."
B) was basically a continuation from the cottage industry system.
C) was never adopted by the working class.
D) relegated the worker to a life of harsh discipline and the rigors of competitive wage labor.
E) was inspired by the examples of Belgium and France.

Question 69

The success of the steam engine in the Industrial Revolution made Britain dependent upon

A) timber.
B) coal.
C) water power.
D) electricity.
E) copper.

Question 70

The first step toward the Industrial Revolution in Britain occurred within its

A) cotton textile industry.
B) wool textile industry.
C) iron industry.
D) railroad industry.
E) mining industry.

Question 71

The Industrial Revolution in Britain was largely inspired by

A) the urgent need to solve the great poverty in the eighteenth century.
B) the failure of the cottage industry.
C) entrepreneurs who sought and accepted the new profitable manufacturing methods.
D) the industrialization of the Dutch and French.
E) the economic and technological needs engendered by the French Revolution.

Question 72

Britain's Great Exhibition of 1851 was held

A) ironically, in New York City.
B) at Kensington Palace.
C) in the newly built Crystal Palace.
D) at scattered locations across England and Wales.
E) in the basement of Parliament.

Question 73

James Watt was vital to the Industrial Revolution for his invention of

A) the spinning jenny.
B) the mule-powered Newcomen engine.
C) a rotary engine that could spin and weave cotton.
D) the first steam-powered locomotive.
E) the power loom.

Question 74

The rise of the industrial factory system deeply affected the lives and status of workers who now

A) were often paid in kind.
B) no longer owned the means of economic production and could only sell their labor for a wage.
C) were less vulnerable to more rapid cycles of economic boom and bust.
D) got both good wages and many fringe benefits unknown before.
E) became serfs, legally tied to factories.

Question 75

Britain's cotton industry in the late eighteenth century

A) could not keep up with French textile production.
B) was inspired by the textile industry found in the United States.
C) declined due to the lack of technical innovation.
D) immediately declined with the success of the Industrial Revolution.
E) was responsible for the creation of the first modern factories.

Question 76

Britain's emergence as the first industrial power was aided by all of the following except

A) a rapid population growth and a surplus pool of labor.
B) the agricultural revolution of the eighteenth century.
C) a ready supply of domestic and colonial markets.
D) Parliament's heavy and controlling involvement in private enterprise.
E) a developed financial system.

Question 77

The infrastructure advantages in Britain promoting rapid industrialization included all of the following except

A) canals.
B) roads.
C) bridges.
D) internal customs posts.
E) railroads.

Question 78

The spinning jenny was invented by

A) James Hargreaves.
B) James Watts.
C) Benjamin Franklin.
D) Richard Arkwright.
E) Matthew Boulton.

Question 79

A frequent method employed to make the many very young boys and girls working in new British industries obey the owner's factory discipline was

A) the promise of increased wages.
B) bribes of candy.
C) heavy fines for lost time.
D) lectures and schooling in the rules to parents.
E) repeated beatings.

Question 80

The development of the railroads in the Industrial Revolution was important in

A) increasing British supremacy in civil and mechanical engineering.
B) increasing the size of markets and the price of goods.
C) bringing about the demise of joint-stock companies.
D) defeating Napoleon.
E) making London a great port city.