Question 1

Identify the vessels that lymph will pass through as it moves from the hindlimbs to the cardiovascular system:
1 Juncture of the external jugular/left subclavian vein
2 Thoracic duct
3 Cisterna chyli
4 Right lymphatic duct

A) 3, 4, 1
B) 4, 1
C) 1, 2, 3
D) 3, 2, 1
E) 2, 4, 1

D

Accepted Answer

Lymph from the hindlimbs first enters the lymphatic vessels and then flows into the cisterna chyli. From the cisterna chyli, it passes through the thoracic duct and then joins the left subclavian vein at the juncture of the external jugular vein. Therefore, the correct sequence of vessels is 3, 2, 1, making choice D the best answer.

Question 2

Which lymphatic organ located anteriorly to the heart assists in the development of the immune system?&#10;A) right lymphatic duct&#10;B) axillary lymph nodes&#10;C) thymus gland&#10;D) spleen

Accepted Answer

The thymus gland, located anteriorly to the heart, is responsible for assisting in the development of the immune system. The right lymphatic duct and axillary lymph nodes are not located in this area and do not play a role in immune system development. The spleen is located posteriorly to the stomach and is involved in filtering blood and removing damaged red blood cells, but it is not directly involved in immune system development.

Question 3

In a pig, the right lymphatic duct drains into the ________.&#10;A) internal jugular vein&#10;B) external jugular vein&#10;C) right subclavian vein&#10;D) brachiocephalic

Accepted Answer

In pigs, the right lymphatic duct drains into the right subclavian vein, which is a major blood vessel that is responsible for returning blood from the arms to the heart. This is different from humans, where the right lymphatic duct drains into the right internal jugular vein.

Question 4

Which lymphatic organ removes old or damaged red blood cells and contains white blood cells that fight infections?&#10;A) cisterna chyli&#10;B) palatine tonsils&#10;C) spleen&#10;D) thymus

Accepted Answer

The spleen is the lymphatic organ that removes old or damaged red blood cells and contains white blood cells that fight infections. The cisterna chyli is a lymphatic vessel, the palatine tonsils are located in the throat and help to prevent infection, and the thymus is involved in the development of T cells.

Question 5

Where is the thymus gland located in a pig?&#10;A) inferior to the heart&#10;B) in the cervical region anterior to the trachea&#10;C) posterior to the heart&#10;D) in the cervical region posterior to the trachea&#10;E) anterior to the heart

Accepted Answer

The thymus gland in a pig is located anterior to the heart, in the thoracic cavity.

Question 6

Where is the spleen located in a pig?&#10;A) on the left side of the abdomen just inferior to the kidney&#10;B) on the right side of the abdomen just posterior to the appendix&#10;C) on the right side of the abdomen just posterior to the liver&#10;D) on the left side of the abdomen just posterior to the stomach

Accepted Answer

The spleen in pigs, similar to humans, is located on the left side of the abdomen and is positioned just posterior to the stomach. This placement allows it to perform its functions related to the circulatory and lymphatic systems effectively.

Question 7

The ________ receives lymph from the lymphatic ducts of the hindlimbs, pelvis, and abdomen.&#10;A) right lymphatic duct&#10;B) thoracic duct&#10;C) spleen&#10;D) cisterna chyli

Accepted Answer

The cisterna chyli is a dilated sac at the base of the thoracic duct that receives lymph from the lower half of the body including the hindlimbs, pelvis, and abdomen. The right lymphatic duct only receives lymph from the right side of the head, neck, and thorax, while the thoracic duct receives lymph from the rest of the body not drained by the right lymphatic duct. The spleen is not directly involved in lymph drainage from other areas of the body.

Deck 52: Pig Lymphatic System