Question 1

What are the ciliated CNS neuroglia cells that play an active role in the production of cerebrospinal fluid?&#10;A) astrocytes&#10;B) oligodendrocytes&#10;C) microglia&#10;D) ependymal cells

Accepted Answer

Ependymal cells are CNS neuroglia cells that have cilia and are involved in the production and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid. Astrocytes provide support to neurons and help regulate the chemical environment around them. Oligodendrocytes produce myelin sheaths around axons in the CNS. Microglia are immune cells in the CNS that help protect against pathogens and remove cellular debris.

Question 2

The delay between when the stimulus is presented and when you respond is ________.&#10;A) reaction time&#10;B) learning&#10;C) latent period&#10;D) none of the above

Accepted Answer

The delay between when the stimulus is presented and when you respond is known as reaction time. Option B (learning) is the process of acquiring new knowledge or skills through study, experience, or being taught. Option C (latent period) refers to the time intervals between the application of a stimulus and the beginning of an observable response. Option D (none of the above) is not a correct choice as option A accurately describes the delay between stimulus and response.

Question 3

The term central nervous system refers to the ________.&#10;A) brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves&#10;B) autonomic nervous system&#10;C) spinal cord and spinal nerves&#10;D) brain and spinal cord

Accepted Answer

The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord.

Question 4

The sheath covering Schwann cells is called the ________.&#10;A) white matter&#10;B) axolemma&#10;C) myelin sheath&#10;D) neurilemma

Accepted Answer

The sheath covering Schwann cells is called the neurilemma. The other options refer to different structures in the nervous system. The white matter refers to collections of myelinated axons in the brain and spinal cord. The axolemma is the membrane surrounding an axon. The myelin sheath is also a covering of Schwann cells, but specifically refers to the layer of insulation they add to axons.

Question 5

Schwann cells are functionally similar to ________.&#10;A) oligodendrocytes&#10;B) astrocytes&#10;C) microglia&#10;D) ependymal cells

Accepted Answer

Schwann cells are a type of glial cell that myelinate neurons in the peripheral nervous system, while oligodendrocytes myelinate neurons in the central nervous system. Therefore, Schwann cells are functionally similar to oligodendrocytes.

Question 6

Ependymal cells ________.&#10;A) help circulate cerebrospinal fluid&#10;B) are a type of neuron&#10;C) myelinate the CNS axons&#10;D) are a type of macrophage

Accepted Answer

Ependymal cells are responsible for helping to circulate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the brain and spinal cord. They line the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord and have cilia that help move the CSF.

Question 7

The chemicals that are released at the synapse from the synaptic terminal are ________.&#10;A) cholinesterase&#10;B) neurotransmitters&#10;C) ions&#10;D) none of the above

Accepted Answer

The chemicals that are released at the synapse from the synaptic terminal are neurotransmitters. Cholinesterase is an enzyme that breaks down neurotransmitters, and ions are involved in the transmission of signals but are not released from the synaptic terminal.

Question 8

An impulse from one nerve cell is communicated to another nerve cell via the ________.&#10;A) cell body&#10;B) synapse&#10;C) receptor&#10;D) effector

Accepted Answer

A synapse is a small gap between two nerve cells, and it is where the impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another. The cell body contains the nucleus and processes input from dendrites, but it is not directly involved in transmitting impulses between neurons. Receptors are proteins that detect signals, such as from neurotransmitters, but they do not transmit impulses between neurons directly. An effector is a muscle or gland that responds to neural signals, but it is not involved in transmitting impulses between neurons.

Question 9

The outer covering of connective tissue that wraps around a nerve is called ________.&#10;A) myelin&#10;B) epineurium&#10;C) perineurium&#10;D) endoneurium

Accepted Answer

The outer covering of connective tissue that wraps around a nerve is called epineurium. Myelin is a fatty substance that covers axons to increase the speed of neural impulses. Perineurium is a layer of connective tissue that ensheathes bundles of nerve fibers (fascicles) within nerves. Endoneurium is a layer of connective tissue made up of delicate fibers that surrounds individual nerve fibers within a fascicle.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a function of astrocytes?&#10;A) providing structural support&#10;B) maintaining the blood-brain barrier&#10;C) providing the defense for the CNS&#10;D) forming scar tissue after injury

Accepted Answer

Astrocytes are not responsible for providing defense for the CNS, but rather aiding in structural support, maintaining the blood-brain barrier, and forming scar tissue after injury. The immune cells of the CNS, microglia, are responsible for defense.

Question 11

Which of the following choices best describes the autonomic nervous system?&#10;A) motor fibers that conduct impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscle&#10;B) sensory and motor neurons that supply the digestive tract&#10;C) motor fibers which send commands to smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands&#10;D) sensory neurons that carry impulses from the body to the CNS

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following choices best describes...

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of the autonomic nervous system?&#10;A) innervation of cardiac muscle&#10;B) innervations of smooth muscle&#10;C) innervations of glands&#10;D) innervation of skeletal muscles

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT a...

Deck 23: Organization of the Nervous System