Deck 5: Motivation: the Force Behind Behavior

Question 1

Clayton Alderfer's E.R.G.has become one of the better-known content theories.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Research suggests that there is only one type of motivation.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The most important intrinsic rewards are to be found in such things as ego satisfaction and self-management.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Job enlargement strategies are built on the assumption that variety is the spice of life.

Question 5

One view is that the only true form of motivation is self-motivation.

Question 6

There are conflicting definitions of motivation based on etiological considerations.

Question 7

Hygiene factors do not satisfy (or motivate);they set the stage for motivation.

Question 8

An organization is best described as an inanimate thing.

Question 9

A formal organization cannot be described as a social unit.

Question 10

It has been said that motives are the "why" of human behavior.

Question 11

Frederick Herzberg called job enlargement as "vertical loading."

Question 12

Expectancy is the strength of one's preference for a particular outcome.

Question 13

Theory X cannot be described as a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Question 14

The study of motivation is of recent origin.

Question 15

Operant conditioning theorists encourage managers to avoid the use of punishment as the primary means of motivation.

Question 16

Effective managers tend to be proactive people developers who subscribe to job redesign.

Question 17

A typical formal organization acquires an identity independent of its members.

Question 18

Hygiene factors are those things in a work environment that meet an employee's hedonistic need to avoid pain.

Question 19

Rewards,in themselves,do not ordinarily motivate people unless there is a belief that an effort on their part will lead to a payoff.

Question 20

(nAch)is best described as the need for affiliation.

Question 21

Fewer than ________ percent of the general population achieve self-actualization.

A)one
B)three
C)five
D)eight
E)ten

Question 22

Clayton Alderfer's collapsed Maslow's human needs into just ________ and contends they are active in all human beings.

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 23

A factor that determines the level of an officer's job performance includes ________.

A)organizational support
B)tensions
C)heuristic modifiers
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 24

According to Abraham Maslow there are ________ basic needs

A)two
B)three
C)four
D)five
E)six

Question 25

Content theory address the following "bottom line" requirement for managing employee motivation ________.

A)determine the response level
B)minimize the time lag
C)use a variable-ratio schedule
D)apply operant conditioning
E)implement strategies

Question 26

According to Thomas Peters and Robert Waterman,most of the truly successful and people-oriented organizations go to great lengths to meet the ________ needs of their employees.

A)security
B)social
C)morale
D)higher order
E)relevant

Question 27

Extrinsic motivators include ________.

A)drives
B)power
C)position
D)income
E)authority

Question 28

The motivational process consists of ________ sequential steps.

A)two
B)four
C)six
D)eight
E)ten

Question 29

A key factor in job satisfaction for millennials is to find fulfilling work.

Question 30

The operant conditioning process was the center piece of the theory purposed by ________.

A)Abraham Maslow
B)Lyman Porter
C)Victor Vroom
D)Frederick Taylor
E)J)Stacey Adams

Question 31

The rational-economic assumption emphasizes ________.

A)security needs
B)social needs
C)ego needs
D)countervailing needs
E)survival needs

Question 32

In order for a need to serve as a motivator,there must be a ________.

A)countervailing need
B)recognition of the need
C)progressive impact
D)satisfaction deficit
E)conceptual awareness

Question 33

Motivated employees are in a state of ________ created by an unsatisfied need.

A)tension
B)stress
C)relaxation
D)feelings
E)none of the above

Question 34

From a conceptual perspective,formal organizations are ________.

A)living organisms
B)inert
C)torpid
D)lifeless
E)none of the above

Question 35

Alderfer's E.R.G.Theory is one of the better-known ________ theories.

A)content
B)process
C)social
D)actualization
E)growth

Question 36

The motivation process consists of all of the following EXCEPT ________.

A)unsatisfied needs
B)perception
C)search behavior
D)a satisfied need
E)drives

Question 37

Job satisfaction has been linked to a multitude of behaviors and attitudes.

Question 38

The notion of basic needs being satisfied before higher level needs are activated is known as ________.

A)satisfaction progression
B)expectation
C)an assimilation variable
D)need acceleration
E)instrumentalism

Question 39

The psychosocial process that produces an attitude resulting in actions leading to a particular result is known as ________.

A)inner forces
B)unfulfilled needs
C)abstract values
D)conditioning
E)motivation

Question 40

Mediating factors between a stimulus and a response include ________.

A)personality
B)self concept
C)perception
D)attitudes
E)all of the above

Question 41

Based on the theory formulated by Herzberg,it is best to motivate employees by ________.

A)reducing conflict
B)providing for a bigger stake in the job
C)assuming stress will take care of itself
D)reducing alienation
E)none of the above

Question 42

Under Motivation- Hygiene theory motivational factors include ________.

A)adequate pay
B)benefits
C)job security
D)acceptable working conditions
E)responsibility

Question 43

Alderfer's theory is based on the assumption that specific behavior may be the product of ________.

A)empathetic reactions
B)heuristic concerns
C)multiple motivations
D)situational factors
E)emotional stability

Question 44

While achievement is important,truly effective managers usually have a much higher ________.

A)need for survival
B)nAff
C)nPower
D)need for self-actualization
E)need for status

Question 45

In contrast to the Theory Y approach,Theory X managers emphasize the need for ________.

A)external motivation
B)self-governance
C)close supervision
D)all of the above
E)only A and C

Question 46

A belief that if the necessary level of performance is achieved,the anticipated rewards will be forthcoming is referred to as ________.

A)valence
B)expectancy
C)projection
D)instrumentality
E)forecasting

Question 47

McGregor's Theory Y emphasizes ________.

A)a conventional view of management
B)a control model of management
C)a work-centered model
D)motivation by objectives
E)a synergistic approach

Question 48

According to Herzberg,adequate pay is a ________.

A)motivator
B)hygiene factor
C)demotivator
D)satisfier
E)rectifier

Question 49

Research indicates that job satisfaction is increased when ________.

A)pay is increased
B)supervisors impart a supportive environment where employees are reassured to interact and voice issues related to the workplace
C)supervisors give specific direction in completing tasks
D)supervisors build employee commitment
E)none of the above

Question 50

The Acquired Needs Theory formulated by McClelland is based on the premise that people are motivated by drives such as the ________.

A)need for achievement
B)need for affiliation
C)need for power
D)all of the above
E)only A and C

Question 51

Clayton Alderfer attempted to simplify Maslow's hierarchical model by grouping needs into fewer categories and emphasizing all of the following needs ________.

A)relatedness
B)growth
C)existence
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 52

An estimate of the probability of a certain behavior producing a particular outcome is known as ________.

A)valence
B)expectancy
C)choice
D)equity
E)selectivity

Question 53

According to the textbook authors,Alderfer's theory is NOT based on ________.

A)needs escalation
B)satisfaction progression
C)frustration regression
D)hierarchical progression
E)A and B

Question 54

An employee's overall satisfaction with their job is known as ________.

A)overall job satisfaction
B)job facet satisfaction
C)global job satisfaction
D)global employee satisfaction
E)none of the above